江苏高考英语阅读理解细节理解题讲解及训练版含答案

1、阅读理解解题指导阅读理解向来都是高考英语试卷中难度最大、划分度最高的题型，它要求考生理解文章的要旨和要义；理解文中的详细信息；依照上下文推测生词的词义；理解文章的基本构造；理解作者的妄图、看法和态度等。下面我们来商讨一下高考阅读理解的解题思路。阅读理解-【细节理解题】细节理解题主要观察考生对阅读资料中某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。它的设题方式主要有以下两种：1.以what,who,which,when,where,why,how等特别疑问句的方式来提问，针对文章中的详细事物、人物、时间、地址、原因(目的)、方式等来设问观察。解这类题时，大家能够带着问题去阅读文章，最后采用“对号入座”

2、的方法，把原文信息跟后边的题目比较，最后确定出正确答案。如:真题摘选【1】(2013江苏卷D篇)Isaycleverbecauseanti-slaveryfictionhadbeentheimportantpartoftheliteratureintheyearsbeforetheCivilWar.H.B.StowesUncleTomsCabinisonlythemostfamousexample.Theseearlystoriesdealtdirectlywithslavery.Withminorexceptions,Twainplantedhisattacksonslaveryandpre

3、judiceintotalesthatwereonthesurfaceaboutsomethingelseentirely.Hedrewhisreadersintotheargumentbydrawingthemintothestory.65.HowdoTwainsnovelsonslaverydifferfromStowes?A.Twainwasmorewillingtodealwithracism.B.Twainsattackonracismwasmuchlessopen.C.Twainsthemesseemedtoagreewithplots.D.Twainwasopenlyconcer

4、nedwithracism.分析：依照文中信息，Stowe的小说正面抨击奴隶制问题，而马克族鄙视，可见马克?吐温对种族鄙视的抨击不那么公然。【实战操练】阅读理解?吐温则经过故事来抨击奴隶制和种Partofaresearchofdrinkingmilkstudy，byscientistsafterheavyweightliftingatMcMasteruniversity，hasobservedthat，whichisongoingintomilkhelpsexerciserstheinfluenceburnmorefat.Thescientiststookthreegroupsofyoungm

5、en18to30yearsofage,56intotal，andputthemthroughastrict，five-day-per-weekweightliftingprogramovera12-weektheirworkouts，studyparticipantsdrankeithertwocupsofskimmilk(脱脂奶)，orasoybeveragewithequivalentamountsofproteinandenergy，oracarbohydratebeverage(碳酸饮料)withanequivalentamountofenergy.Uponthestudysconcl

6、usion，scientistsobservedthat：themilkdrinkinggrouphadlostnearlytwiceasmuchfattwopoundsasthoseinthecarbohydratebeveragegroup，wholostonepoundofdrinkingsoylostnothesametime，thegaininmusclewasmuchgreateramongthemilkdrinkersthaneitherthesoyorcarbohydratebeverageparticipants.Aspublishedinthefirststageofthe

7、study，themilkdrinkinggroupcameoutontopintermsofmusclegainwithanestimated40percentorpoundsmoremusclemassthanthesoybeverageaddition，thisgroupgained63percentorpoundsmoremusclemassthanthecarbohydratedrinkers.beverage“Ithinktheevidenceisbeginningtoincrease，”saysStuartPhillipstheleaderofthestudy.“Milkmayb

8、ebestknownforitscalcium(钙)contentinsupportingbonehealth，butourresearch，andlaterothers，cancontinuallysupportmilksabilitytoaidinmusclegrowthandalsopromotebodyfatistheidealpost-workoutdrinkforrecreationalexercisersandathletesalike.”1Accordingtothestudy，whichisthebestdrinkforexerciserstoloseweight?AFrui

9、tjuice.BSoybeverage.CSkimmilk.DCarbohydratebeverage.分析：细节理解题。依照第三段可知。答案：C2FromthepassagewecanlearnthatmilkhasagoodeffectonallofthefollowingEXCEPT_.AmusclegainBbraindevelopmentCbonehealthDfatloss分析：细节理解题。依照前三段可知，牛奶能够gainmuscle和losefat，故A、D正确；依照最后一段中的“Milkmaybebestknownforitscaliciumcontentinsupportin

10、gbonehealth”可知C也正确，所以答案为B。答案：B3Accordingtothepassage，wecanknowthat_.Athescientistschosepeopleaged18,30and56asparticipantsoftheresearchBtheweightliftingprogramwhichstudyparticipantsattendedwas84daysintotalCpeoplewhodrinkmilkeverydayarealwayshealthierandthinnerthanothersDsoybeveragesarebetterthancarbo

11、hydratebeveragesforexerciserstogainmuscle分析：细节理解题。依照第二段中的“Thescientistsbookthreegroupsofyoungmen18to30yearsofage,56intotal，”可知A错误；依照第二段中的“putthemthroughastrict，five-day-per-weekweightliftingprogramovera12-weekperiod.”可知B错误；文章提到喝牛奶能够gainmuscle和fat，可是并没有提到每日喝牛奶的人会比其他人健康、苗条，故C也错误。lose答案：D4WhatdoesPhili

12、pswanttotellus?AMoreevidenceisneededtostrengthentheirresearch.BMilkhasmorecalciumthansoyorcarbohydratebeverages.CThecalciuminmilkcanalsohelpgainmuscleandlosefat.DAthletesshouldbeforbiddentodrinkotherbeveragesexceptmilk.分析：细节理解题。由“.butourresearch，andlaterabilitytoaidinmusclegrowthandalsopromotebodyfa

13、tloss.others，cancontinually”可知答案。supportmilks答案：A5Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?AWhatexercisersshoulddotoloseweight.BHowmilkinfluencespeopleshealthandfigure.CThedifferencesbetweenmilkandsoyorcarbohydratebeverages.DAresearchontheeffectofdrinkingmilkgainmuscleandlosefat.分析：要旨粗心题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一项对于喝牛

14、奶的最新研究成就，和losefat，所以答案为D。即喝牛奶能够gainmuscle答案：D.真题摘选【2】(2013课标卷IA篇)Somepeoplewilldojustaboutanythingtosavemoney.AndIamoneofthem.Takemyfamilyslastvacation.Itwasmysix-year-oldsonswinterbreakfromschool,andwewereheadinghomeformFortLauderdaleafteraweeklongtrip.Theflightwasoverbooked,andDelta,theairline,off

15、eredus$400perpersonincreditstogiveupourseatsandleavethenextday.IhadmeetingsinNewYork,soIhadtogetback.Butthatdidntmeanmyhusbandandmysoncouldntstay.Itookmynine-month-oldandtookoffforhome.56.WhydidDeltagivetheauthorsfamilycredits?A.Theytookalaterflight.B.Theyhadearlybookings.C.Theirflighthadbeendelayed

16、.D.Theirflighthadbeencancelled.分析：本文为夹叙夹议文。作者经过表达自己的亲身经向来说明看法，即如何获取金钱的最大利用价值，从而理性花销。利用要点词查问能够在第一段中找到Theflightwasoverbooked,andDelta,theairline,offeredus$400perpersonincreditstogiveupourseatsandleavethenextday这些有关信息。由该句可知，因为航班超员，航空企业(Delta)以信用卡的形式赔偿我们每人400美金，要我们放弃座位，次日再走开。应选A项(他们乘坐了较晚的航班)。【实战操练】【2016

17、届石家庄市高中毕业班质量检测（二）试题】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最正确答案填空。CYouuseherasashouldertocryon.Shetextsyoubackwithcasualjokes.Butshe,Xiaoice,isonlyavirtualchatbot.Xiaoice,Microsoftslatestartificialintelligencerobot,wasbrieflyreleasedin2014,andreturnedtoWeChatin2015,whereshebecameabighit.MillionsofyoungChinesenowexchangemes

18、sageswithherdaily,TheNewYorkTimesreported.OnWeChat,Xiaoiceisanofficialaccount.Afterfollowingit,userscanstarttext-basedconversationswithXiaoice.“HerincrediblelearningabilitywaswhypeoplelovedtotalkwithXiaoice,”LiuJinchang,aresearcheratHigh-techResearchandDevelopmentCenterundertheMinistryofScienceandTe

19、chnology,toldChinaDaily.Apartfromherabilitytoidentifyphotosandsendemojis(表情符号)inconversations,Xiaoicegains45percentofherknowledgefrominteractingwithusers,ChinaDailyreported.Chatbotprogramsfirstappearedinthemid-1960sintheUS.Drivenbytoptechcompanies,theyarebecomingsmarterandmorecommon.Forinstance,IBMs

20、latestartificialintelligenceprogramservedasanacademicconsultantatAustraliasDeakinUniversity,answeringstudentsquestionsaboutcourseschedulesandfinancialaid.ApplesSiriandAmazonsAlexahavebeenusedasvoiceassistantswhocanreadnews,playmusicandevenmakejokesfortheirusers.Theseprogramsareexpectedtomovebeyondsm

21、artphones,intotelevisions,carsandlivingrooms,TheNewYorkTimespointedout.However,itmaytakedecadesbeforescientistsdevelop“Samantha”,theadvancedchatbotseeninthefictionfilmHer.Inthefilm,SamanthasparksaromanticrelationshipwithheruserplayedbyUSactorJoaquinPhoenix.Manyviewerswereenthusiasticaboutthisfantasy

22、ofvirtualsoulmates.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraphtwomean?Shebecameabestseller.Shebecameverypowerful.Shebecameamoneymaker.Shebecameverypopular.WhichofthefollowingcanXiaoicedo?A.Dohousework.B.Spreadmessages.C.Identifyvariousphotos.D.Readnewstoitsusers.3.Whichcompanyschatbotprogramcanactasanacade

23、micconsultant?A.Microsoft.B.IBM.C.Apple.D.Amazon.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?Chatbotsmainlyrunonsmartphonesnow.Itlltakedecadestoapplychatbotstocars.SamanthaisplayedbyaUSactorinthefilm.D.ThefilmHerdoesntinterestmanyaudience.参照答案、DCBA以不完满的句子形式，针对文章的某个细节设题，观察考生对此事实细节的认定和理解能力。如：真题摘选【1】(2013课标卷I

24、B篇)Ordonewbornssimplyprefermoretofewer?Thesameexperiment,butwiththreespotsshownbeforetwo,showsthesamereturnofinterestwhenthenumberofspotschanges.Perhapsitisjustthenewness?Whenslightlyolderbabieswereshowncardswithpicturesofobjects(acomb,akey,anorangeandsoon),changingthenumberofobjectshadaneffectsepar

25、atefromchangingtheobjectsthemselves.Coulditbethepatternthattwothingsmake,asopposedtothree?Noagain.Babiespaidmoreattentiontosquaresmovingrandomlyonascreenwhentheirnumberchangedfromtwotothree,orthreetotwo.Theeffectevencrossesbetweensenses.Babieswhowererepeatedlyshowntwospotsbecamemoreexcitedwhentheyth

26、enheardthreedrumbeatsthanwhentheyheardjusttwo;likewise(同样地)whentheresearchersstartedwithdrumbeatsandmovedtospots.Babiesaresensitivetothechangein_.thesizeofcardsthecolourofpicturestheshapeofpatternsthenumberofobjects分析：本文为科普类说明文，主要谈论了婴儿能否能感知数量这一问题。依照第二段中Whenslightlyolderbabieswereshowncardswithpictur

27、esofobjects(acomb,akey,anorangeandsoon),changingthenumberofobjectshadaneffectseparatefromchangingtheobjectsthemselves可知，卡片上物品的数量而不是物品自己的变化对婴儿的视觉产生了影响，应选D。【习题选编】阅读以下短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最正确选项。体裁：记述文话题：公共服务时间：7分钟TheworldoftaxidriversisdominatedbythereisonesmalltaxicompanyinDelhi，whereallthedriversan

28、dpassengersaressafetyisahottopicinIndiaatthemoment，soitsprovingaverypopularservice.“WhenImontheroaddrivingourtaxiIfeelveryproud，becausethisisthefirsttaxiserviceonlyforwomen，”says31-year-oldShantiSharma，whoisoneofeightfemaledriverswithataxiservicecalledCabsforWomenbyWomen.Thelastcoupleofmonths，sincet

29、herapeandmurderinthecityofacollegestudenttravellingonabus，havebeenparticularlybusyforherandhercolleagues.“Afterthiscase，ourworkloadhasincreasedsomuch，”saysSharma.“Womenwhousedothercabservicesarealsoturningtousnow.”MostwomeninDelhisaytheyroutinelyfaceharassment(骚扰)，andworse，especiallyonpublictranspor

30、t.Sharma，asingleparentwiththreedaughters，hasbeenworkingasataxidriversince2011，whentheservicewasfirstsetup，andithaschangedheristhefirsttimethatshehasearnedenoughabout250amonthtosupportherfamily.Ofcourse，sheandtheotherfemaletaxidriversarecompletelyoutnumberedbymalecabbies.“WhenIparksomewherethereareal

31、waysmenthereandinevitablyfiveorsixofthemgettogetherandhangout，”shesays.“Imusuallytheonlywomanintheparkinglot，soIjuststayinsidethecar.”Itsnotmuchbetterwhensheisoutonthesaysthemaledriversgiveherahardtime.“Assoonastheyseeawomanatthewheeltheystarthonking(按喇叭)fornolltrytoovertakemalwaysworryingabouthowto

32、avoidgettinghitbysomeone.”ThecompanybehindCabsforWomenbyWomen，SakhaConsultingWings，hadanumberofgoalswhenitsetupthewantedtogivewomenfrompoorbackgroundsanopportunitytoearnputtingwomeninchargeoftechnologies，italsowantedtochangepeoplesattitudes，andopenupboundariesforwomen.【语篇导读】德里一家出租车企业特地推出了女性司机只为女性乘客供

33、应服务的CabsforWomenbyWomen出租车业务。买卖异样火爆。1ThetaxiserviceCabsforWomenbyWomen_.AisgreatlyneededatpresentinIndiaBcausesahotdebateinIndiaCwassetupin2012Disfreeofchargeforwomen分析细节理解题。依照第一段第三句中的“itsprovingaverypopularservice”可知，这项女性出租车服务在此刻有很大需求量。答案A2WhyarewomenwhousedothercabservicesturningtoCabsforWomenbyWo

34、men?ABecauseitischeap.BBecauseitissafe.CBecauseitisfamous.DBecauseitisconvenient.分析推理判断题。依照第三、四段内容可推知，那些从前乘坐其他出租车的女性此刻选择CabsforWomenbyWomen，是因为这类由妇女驾驶的出租车能为女性乘客供应安全保障。答案B3WhatdoweknowaboutSharma?ASheisthefirstfemaletaxidriverinDelhi.BShelivesinharmonywithherhusband.CShehasregrettedbecomingataxidrive

35、r.DShehasabettersalaryafterbecomingataxidriver.分析细节理解题。依照第六段可知，从2011年Sharma成为出租车司机后，她才赚了足够多的钱来养家糊口。答案D4Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?ATheopportunitiesCabsforWomenbyWomenprovidesforwomen.BThemainpurposesofCabsforWomenbyWomen.CPeoplesattitudestowardsCabsforWomenbyWomen.DThebackgroundinformationo

36、fCabsforWomenbyWomen.分析段落粗心题。依照本段的主题句“ThecompanybehindCabsforWomenbyWomen，SakhaConsultingWings，hadanumberofgoalswhenitsetuptheservice.”可知，本段主要讲睁开CabsforWomenbyWomen出租车服务的目的。答案B【长难句解读】原文Sharma，asingleparentwiththreedaughters，hasbeenworkingasataxidriversince2011，whentheservicewasfirstsetup，andithascha

37、ngedherlife.译文Sharma是一个单独抚育三个女儿的单亲母亲，自从2011年首次睁开这项服务以来，她向来是一名出租车司机。这改变了她的生活。分析and前后为两个并列分句。在第一个分句中，asingleparentwiththreedaughters是Sharma的同位语。when引导一个定语从句，修饰2011。【2016届石家庄市高中毕业班质量检测（二）试题】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最正确答案填空。DIfyouwatchBritishtelevisiononMarch15,youmightbesurprisedtoseecelebrities(名人)wearingfunnyre

38、dnosesandjokingaround.Butdontworry.Theyrenotmad.ItsallpartofamoneyraisingeventcalledRedNoseDay.Foundedin1985bytwoBritishcomedians,theaimoftheeventistoraisemoneytofightpovertyandinjusticeintheUKandAfrica.CelebritiesandpublicfiguressupporttheeventbymakingappearancesoncomicTVshows.Forexample,UKPrimeMin

39、isterDavidCamerononceappearedinamusicvideobyOneDirection,whichthebandproducedfortheevent.Britonsdontjustraisemoneyforcharitablecausesononedayayear,buttheydoitallyearround.Onewayofdoingsoisbyshoppingincharityshops.Thesesmallshopssellclothes,booksandhouseholdgoodsjustlikeanyothershopexceptthatitsallse

40、condhand.Therearenearly10,000charityshopsintheUK.Theirbusinessmodelissimple:Anybodywhohasthingstheydontwantanymorecandonatethemtoacharityshop,wheretheyarecheckedfordamage,cleanedandpriced.Themoneythatismadebysellingthemisusedforacharitablecause.Theideaofbuyingusedclothesmaysoundunpleasant,butforshop

41、perswhohavelessspendingmoney,ithasbeenawelcomeoption.Now,shoppingatcharityshopsisalsobecomingpopularwithyoungpeoplelookingforalternativefashion.“Youcanfindveryuniqueclothesforaverycheapprice.Itdoesntbothermethatotherpeoplemayhavewornthem,IsimplywashthembeforeIwearthem,”saidAnneMarie,a19-year-oldfrom

42、theUS.Sonexttimeyouspotacharityshop,whynotgoinside?Whoknows,youmightfindalovelydressforjustafewpounds.Evenbetter,youcanenjoywearingitintheknowledgethatyourmoneyhelpedagoodcause.1.WhydidCameronappearinOneDirectionsmusicvideo?A.Toearnaliving.B.Tosupporttheband.C.Tohelpraisingmoney.D.Toentertaintheaudi

43、ence.Wherearethegoodsofcharityshopsfrom?Localbands.Peoplesdonation.Britishcomedians.TheUKgovernment.3.WhatsAnneMariesattitudetocharityshops?A.Favorable.B.Particular.C.Doubtful.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.RedNoseDay.B.Britishcelebrities.C.CharityinBritain.D.Secondhandshops.D.Disapproving.参照答案、14、CBA

44、C【2016年沈阳市高中三年级授课质量监测（一）】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最正确答案填空。ABritishInternationalSchoolsinChinaHarrowInternationalSchoolBeijingThemissionstatementoftheschoolis“Leadershipforabetterworld”,whichdrawsonthegreattraditionoffamousleadersstudyinginHarrowSchoolsuchasWinstonChurchillandPunditNehru.Establishedin2005,theHa

45、rrowInternationalSchoolBeijingisknownforitsreputationforhavingthehighestacademicstandardsandclosepersonaltutoring.Allstudentshaveapersonaltutortotakecareoftheirpersonalconcerns.Thetuitionfeeperyearrangesfrom80,100to258,400yuan($12,60040,600)forhalfday,pre-nurserytoyear13.ReadmoreviaCollegeShanghaiDu

46、lwichCollegeShanghaiismadeupofabout1,500studentsfromage2toage18,withover40differentnationalities.DulwichCollegeShanghaiopenedin2003andhasbeenrecognizedasoneofthebestinternationalschoolsinShanghai.About70percentoftheschoolsteachersareBritish.Theschoolsannualpaymentrangesfrom225,500to269,500yuan($35,5

47、0042,000)fromyear1toyear13.Clickheretoknowmore.WellingtonCollegeInternationalShanghaiWellingtonCollege,UK,isoneoftheworldstopcoeducationaldayandboardingschoolsfoundedbyroyalsponsoronbehalfofQueenVictoriain1859.WellingtonCollegeInternationalShanghaiopeneditsdoorsin2014andnowhasover600students,aged2to

48、18yearsold.Annualtuitionrangesfrom234,000to285,000yuan($36,80044,800)foryear1toyear13.WellingtonCollegealsohasacampusinTianjin.Clickheretolearnmoreaboutbothlocations.TheBritishSchoolofGuangzhouEstablishedin2005forstudentsaged2to18,TheBritishSchoolofGuangzhouhasgainedareputationforacademicexcellence.

49、Theschoolstwocampusesarelocatedabout25minutesnorthofGuangzhouscitycenter,overlookingscenicSouthLake.Theannualtuitionrangesfrom157,840to197,690yuan($24,80031,100)foryear1toyear13.Clickheretoknowmore.Ifyouwanttomakefriendswithstudentsfromdifferentcountries,youmaychoose_.HarrowInternationalSchoolBeijin

50、gDulwichCollegeShanghaiWellingtonCollegeInternationalShanghaiTheBritishSchoolofGuangzhouWhatdothelasttwoschoolshaveincommon?Theybothhavetwocampuses.Theirannualtuitionsarethesame.Theyarebothsponsoredbytheroyalfamily.D.Theyareboththeworldsbestboardingschools.Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanweprobablyreadth

51、ispassage?A.LifestyleB.OpinionC.InternationalNewsD.CultureExchange参照答案13、BAD阅读理解。“Stopmakingexcusesforhim，Mom，”Isaid.“Butmaybeheisfeelingunwell.”Momsaid.“Maybenothing，”IhadbeentendingMomsinceherhealthbegantodeclineandthiswouldbethefirsttimeinayearthatmyhusbandandIhadanightouthadpromisedtostaywithaga

52、inheletusmoreoftenthannot，hisdrinkinghadalottodowithirresponsibilityupsetme.Irememberedourhappygrowing-upyearsinasmalltowninWestgoodfamilyeducation，Jerryhadbeenakindwasonly15whenDadhim，Igotoverthesorrowsoon，buthestartedhebeganhangingoutwithbadguys.JerryandIdidntseeeachotheroften，butwetalkedonthe，though，weendedupMomcametolivewithus，Jerrydroppedinregularlyatfirst，butafterawhilehisvisitsbecameexplainedhecouldnthandleseeingMominsuchabadexcuse，Ithought.OnedayIwenttoseethedoctoraboutmyhadbeena