英语综合教程3 第7 单元第二部分完成版课件

1、The diva withinActive reading (2)词汇Paragraph 1Can anyone learn to sing? I ts a question that haunted（环绕、缠绕） me as I was writing my most recent book The singing Neanderthals. My research had persuaded me that musicality （音乐欣赏能力）is deeply embedded （使融入） in the human genome （基因组、染色体组）, with far more an

2、cient evolutionary roots than spoken language. Yet here I was , unable to carry a tune or match a rhythm. Friends and academic colleagues claimed this was simply because I had been “turned off from music as a child and if only I took a few lessons I would find my voice . Maybe they were right. So hu

3、miliated was I by music teachers who made me opportunity and havent participated in anything musical for over 35 years .Perhaps I could learn to sing. 考古学家史蒂文 米森在学习唱歌的时候发现，音乐确实可以改变人的思维方式。人人都能学会唱歌吗？在撰写我最新出版的唱着歌的尼安德特人一书时，这个问题就一直萦绕在我的心头。 我做的研究让我相信音乐才能是深深植根于人类基因中的，从进化史的角度来说，它比人类的口头语言都要古老得多。 可是我本人一唱起歌来不是

4、跑调，就是跟不上节奏。 朋友们和学术同僚们都说，那都是因为我小时候对音乐失去了兴趣，只要上几节音乐课，我一定能放声歌唱。 也许他们是对的。 记得小时候，音乐老师们让我在全班同学面前独“唱”，让我觉得很丢脸。所以后来一有机会，我就躲开音乐，35年来从来没有参加过任何音乐活动。 说不定学一学我也能唱得不错。Paragraph 2The more I thought about It , the more I realized that here was an opportunity not be missed. As well as testing whether I could improve

5、my tone, pitch and rhythm, perhaps I could also find out what was happening inside my brain as I tried to learn how to sing. I had recently read an article by researcher Larry Parsons at the university of Sheffield , UK, entitled （题名）“The song system of the human brain ” ,and then met him at a confe

6、rence . With the help of functional （实用的）MRI he had begun to identify which areas of the brain are recruited when we engage with music. Some of these areas are evidently （显然的）used for both music and other activities and some , such as the planum polare , in the temporal lobe, appear to be specialize

7、d for processing music . I wanted to know whether learning to sing could actually change the way my brain worked. 我越想就越觉得这是个不容错过的好机会。 除了看看能不能改善我的音调、音高和节奏感之外，或许我还能发现学习唱歌的时候大脑会有什么样的变化。 最近读了英国谢菲尔德大学研究员拉里 帕森斯的一篇文章，题目是“人类大脑中的歌唱系统”，后来又在一次会上见到了他。 那时候他已经开始用功能磁共振成像来确定人在从事音乐活动时大脑中被调动起来的区域。 这些区域中有一些显然既在音乐活动，又在

8、其他活动中起作用，而另一些，比如颞叶中颞上回的前部，似乎是专门用于处理音乐的。 我很想知道学唱歌是否真的能改变大脑的活动方式。 2005年圣诞节前，我给拉里发了一封电子邮件，提议跟他合作一个实验：我要先做一个脑部扫描，边唱歌边扫描，然后上一年的音乐课，之后再做一次扫描，看看大脑是否会发生一些变化。 拉里同意合作，于是我就给自己找了一名声乐老师，她叫帕姆 切尔弗斯，2006年年初，我们三个人聚在一起，设计了研究方案。 方案决定让我接受八个有关音乐技巧训练的测试，涵盖各种音乐活动，比如高音音准练习、音阶和节奏练习。 我还要学唱两首歌，一首是约翰 拉特的盖尔人的祝祷文，另一首是亨德尔的请让我哭泣吧。

9、 听帕姆唱这两首歌，让我想起了写这本书的动力：为什么进化会创造出这样的一个物种，拥有如此美妙的歌喉？ Paragraph 4Before the first scanning sessions I had a couple of lessons to get me used to singing and provide the rudiments （基本技巧）of reading music. I think Pam was shocked at my lack of ability-she is used to teaching experienced musicians and preco

10、cious （早熟的）children and hadnt actually believed me when I had said that I couldnt sing in tune or follow a rhythm. She soon learned better. The scan took place in June 2006 and was a grueling experience. We agreed that I would be tested on eight technical exercises, covering various musical tasks su

11、ch as sustaining （维持、保持）a pitch, singing scales and in rhythm. I would also learn two songs: A Gaelic Blessing by John Rutter and Lascia chio pianga by Handel. Listening to Pam sing these reminded me about my motivation for writing my book: Why should evolution have create a species that can sing wi

12、th such remarkable beauty?Then begin a year of lessons.Pam taught me about posture and breathing;she gave me tasks to help me sing in tune and to expand my range . Once my pitch had improved ,we worked on rhythm ,and then tone and dynamics .She was always encouaging and optismistics .whereas I was a

13、 pretty poor student - lacking in confidence , getting frustrated and probably not working as hard as I should . In The Singing Neanderthal I argued that singing is a means for achieving well-being through Social bonding .Sadly , that was not my experience I simply became cross ,stressed and dissati

14、sfied . My singging wasnt good for my family life either,as my children didnt appreciate the late-night practising .nevertheless,I persevered and although my progress was limited ,I did actually begin to enjoys some aspects of the venture ,especially Lascia chio pianga. On a few occasions when singi

15、ng with my wife we both experiencedFleeting feelings of emotional intimacy as our voices blended into one but then I would stumble and the moment would be lost.Paragraph 5接着，我上了一年的音乐课。 帕姆教我唱歌时的站姿和呼吸方法；让我做一些有助于找准音调、扩展音域的练习。 我音高上去了之后，开始做节奏感、音色和力度方面的练习。 她不停地鼓励我，对我充满信心，而我却是个差劲的学生：缺乏自信心，常常感到沮丧，还不够用功。 在唱着

16、歌的尼安德特人一书中，我指出唱歌是通过社会交往增加幸福感的一种方式。 可令人遗憾的是，我自己的经历却并不能证明这一点唱歌让我变得脾气暴躁，压力重重，还心怀不满。 学唱歌对我的家庭生活也没有什么好处，孩子们不喜欢我大晚上练歌。 尽管如此，我还是坚持了下来，虽然提高有限，但这项实验的某些方面还是让我很享受，尤其是请让我哭泣吧这首曲子。 有几次我和妻子一起合唱，当我们的歌声合二为一时，刹那间我们感受到了情感的交融可不一会儿我就跑调了，那美好的时刻也随即消逝了。The second brain scan, in july 2007,was as challenging as the first . W

17、e repeated the same technical exercises and song exactly the same way.Lying still was even more frustrating then the last time because I had learned that moving my body was as important to singing as was flexing my vocal cords . I left the scanner feeling exhausted, but this time I was also elated t

18、hat my work for the experiment was done It was now over to larry to compare my “before ” and “after”scans to see whether the year of singing had changes my brain .I was doubtful,because I felt my singing had barely improved. So I was surprised when Larry told me that not only had there been signific

19、ant changes in my brain activity,but that these fitted with his understanding of how the brain supports musical performance. So, can anyone learn to sing? I am still not sure, but I did learn more about singing by spending a year trying to do it than in years reading about it. By understanding just

20、how remarkably difficult it is to sing-to simultaneously and unconsciously manage pitch, rhythm, timbre, tone and dynamics-I am even more mystified as to why humans have evolved such an amazing ability. EncoreLiterally ad. 1. 确实地；真正地；不加夸张地 2.照字面意思地Haunt Vt. 1.萦绕在心头；缠绕 2.(鬼魂）常出没于EmbedVt. 1.使成为（的）重要部分

21、；使融入 2.使插入；使嵌入重点单词：EntitleVt 1.给（书、诗歌、乐曲）题名；给 命名 2.给（某人）权利；给（某人）资格SustainVt 1.维持，保持 2.使保持体力（或精力、希望）；支撑SubtractV 减掉；去掉in turn 轮流，依次 turn off 关掉，关闭；拐弯，使转变方向 turn into v. 变成；进入 turn on 打开，发动 turn out 生产；结果是；关掉；出动；驱逐 turn over 移交给；翻阅；把翻过来；发动；营业额达到；反复考虑 turn left v. 向左转 turn right v. 向右转 turn around 船只留港

22、 turn in 交上；归还；拐入；告发；口上床睡觉 turn back 往回走；阻挡；翻回到 turnturn up 出现；发生；开大；发现；卷起；使仰卧 turn out to be 结果是；原来是 turn down 拒绝；向下转折 turn from 对感到厌恶 your turn 轮到你；该你了 turn away 避开；解雇；不准入内；走开；转过脸 turn round 转身，转向；归航；回车道；转变 turn of the century 世纪之交；19世纪与20世纪转换交替时期；19世纪末20世纪初 by turns 轮流；交替 turn 2.Number the events

23、 in they occurred. He drew up a plan with a researcher and a teacher . He had a couple of lessons and learnt how to read music. He discovered changes in the way his brain worked. He learnt how to breathe properly. The writer decided he wanted to learn to sing. He had a second brain scan. He had a br

24、ain scan. He became depressed with his slow progress. He did exercises to develop a sense of rhythm. reading and understanding3 Choose the best answer to the questions 1 Why did the writer take part in the experiment? (a) To sing with his wife. (b) To find out more about his brain. (c) To do researc

25、h for a book about Neanderthal humans. (d) To investigate the relationship between singing and brain activity. d2 How did the experiment affect his family life? (a) He spent a lot of time singing with his wife and children. (b) He made his children practise late at night. (c) He disturbed his childr

26、en by singing late at night. (d) His marriage nearly came to an end. c3 What results did the experiment show? (a) There is no connection between singing ability and brain activity. (b) It is not possible to sing lying down. (c) Regular brain scans can improve singing ability. (d) There is a connecti

27、on between singing ability and brain activity.d 4 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 to continue trying to achieve something difficult (persevere) 2 used for showing that something you say is really true (literally)3 a new business or activity (venture)4 the belief that you are abl

28、e to do things well (confidence) 5 to provide the conditions in which something can happen or exist (sustain)6 feeling annoyed and impatient (frustrated) to grow in (4) . In fact, I managed to (5) enthusiasm to such an extent that, at the age of 35, I gave up my job as a data analyst to become a pro

29、fessional musician. In my case, music (6) changed my life. confidencesustain literally6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. blend blessing entitle evidently functional scanner subtract 1 What I play the piano I usually mix different styles such as jazz and cla

30、ssical.2 One of my favourite pieces of music is called The Planets.3 I thought I would learn quickly, but I was clearly mistaken.4 How much is left if we take off 80 euros from your fee?5 The photocopier is broken, but you can use the machine which copies images and stores them on a computer.blenden

31、titleevidentlysubtractscanner6 To have such wonderful children has been a great source of happiness for us both.7 The new hospital is open now, but it isnt working as it should.blessingfunctional7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If you are haunted by something, do you think ab

32、out it (a)often, or (b) hardly ever?2 If you are turned off from something, do you (a) show interest in it,or (b) lose interest in it?3 When someone collaborates with you, do they (a) help you, or (b）prevent you from doing what you want to do?aba4 Are the rudiments of musical knowledge (a) the basic

33、 facts, or (b) the most recent discoveries?5 Does a precocious child show skills and intelligence (a)above, or (b) below the average?6 Are excerpts from a film of a piece of music (a)short extracts, or (b) critical reviews?aaa7 If you do something in the intimacy of your own home, do you expect (a)

34、strangers, or (b) only you own family to see you do it?8 If you stumble, do you (a) fall and then keep going, or (b) fall and stop completely?9 If you feel elated about something, do you feel (a) very happy, or (b) very sad?baa8 Choose the best way to complete the sentences.1 The title “The diva wit

35、hin”suggests that_. (a) artists have very private lives (b) anyone can be a good singer (c) great musicians are born, not made (d) to become a good singer, you have to think a lot2 The word encore is used because_. (a) it refers to a second performance of something (b) it is usually used in a musica

36、l context (c) it suggests that people are happy with a performance (d) all three of the above reasonsbd9 Decide if the writers experiences are motivating (M) or frustrating (F).1 writing a book called The Singing Neanderthals 2 his childhood experience with a music teacher 3 meeting Larry Parsons at

37、 the University of Sheffield 4 listening to Pam sing 5 monitoring his own progress as a student of singing 6 the effect on family life as he practised 7 lying still during the second brain scan 8 leaving the scanner after the second brain scan 9 seeing the results of the second scan MMMMMFFFF6 Trans

38、late the paragraphs into Chinese1 Red lights come up just as often when the driver is not in a hurry; its just that the disadvantage of the red light is considerably less if time is not critical. The false part of the perception is that red lights happen more than green lights. The reason for this i

39、s simply that a driver has more time to think about a red light than a green light, because while the latter is gone in seconds and indeed is an experience no different from just driving along the open road the red light forces a change of behaviour, a moment of exertion and stress, and then a depri

40、vation of freedom for a minute or so. Red lights stick in the mind,while green lights are instantly forgotten.司机不赶时间的时候碰到的红灯其实和赶时间的时候一样多；只是如果时间不紧急，红灯带来的不便要小得多。认为红灯出现的次数比绿灯多其实是一种错觉。产生这种错觉的原因很简单，因为司机有更多的时间去想红灯，而绿灯的时候，车子几秒钟之内就疾驰而过了这其实和在畅通的公路上开车没有任何区别而红灯却迫使司机改变行为，一小会儿的时间里要强迫自己努力一下,承受点压力，还要失去一两分钟的自由。所以红灯

41、会深深地印在司机的脑海里，而绿灯转瞬间就被抛到脑后了。2 Can anyone learn to sing? Its a question that haunted me as I was writing my most recent book The Singing Neanderthals. My research had persuaded me that musicality is deeply embedded in the human genome, with far more ancient evolutionary roots than spoken language. Yet here I was, unable to carry a tune or match a rhythm. Friends and academic colleagues claimed this was simply because I had been “turned off” from music as a child and if only I took a few lessons I would find my voice. Maybe they were right. So humiliated was I by music teachers who mad