2023版高三一轮总复习英语（译林版）教案：第1部分 选择性必修第2册 UNIT 3 Fit for life

1、课标单词背诵(先填后背)第一组1surgeon n外科医生2physician n医师，内科医生3chemist n药剂师，药商；化学家4dentist n牙科医生5specialize (also specialise)vi.专门研究(或从事)，专攻6gamechanging adj.改变游戏规则的(指彻底改变事态发展的)7cell n细胞8being n生物；存在；身心9contract vt.感染(疾病)；与订立合同(或契约) n合同，合约10virus n病毒；(计算机程序中的)病毒11cancer n癌症；邪恶，毒瘤12means n(pl.means)方法，方式；财富，钱财13de

2、lete vt.删去，删除14restore vt.恢复；修复；使复原，使复位15ultimately adv.最终；根本上16abnormal adj.反常的，畸形的17weapon n武器，手段；兵器18fundamental adj.十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的 n基本规律，根本法则，基础19pace n发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vi.&vt.来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度，调整节奏20restrict vt.限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束21flu n流行性感冒，流感22characteristic n特征，特点 adj.典型的，独特的23wrestle vi.&vt.奋

3、力对付，努力处理；摔跤24finding n调查发现，调研结果25ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的26withdraw vi.&vt.脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供27artificial adj.人工的，人造的；人为的；虚假的28rubber n橡胶；橡皮29outgoing adj.外向的第二组30grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的31disabled adj.有残疾的，丧失能力的32disability n缺陷，障碍33conventional adj.传统的，习惯的；依照惯例的，遵循习俗的34leather n皮革35sensory adj.感

4、觉的，感官的36patent n专利，专利证书 adj.有专利的，受专利保护的37fuel vt.增加，刺激；给提供燃料 n燃料38disturb vt.使不安；打扰；搅乱39tackle vt.应付，处理，解决40headon adv.积极地，果断地；正面相撞地 adj.迎头相撞的；正面反对的41centimetre (AmE centimeter)n.厘米42needle n针；注射针；指针43evidence n证据，证明；物证，人证 vt.证明，表明44solid adj.实心的；固体的；结实的；纯色的45steel n钢；钢铁工业46millimetre (AmE millimete

5、r)n.毫米47clinic n私人诊所；门诊部；门诊时间48examine vt.检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问49wrist n手腕，腕关节50organ n器官；风琴；机构，机关51severe adj.十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；艰难的52alcohol n酒精，酒53tobacco n烟草54drug n毒品；药物55phenomenon n现象56substance n物质；要点57symbol n象征；符号，代号58widespread adj.分布广的，普遍的，广泛的58department n(医院的)科，部门，局，系 单词拼写运用核心单词 1affect vt.

6、影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动2relate vi.& vt.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述3prohibit vt.4arise vi.发生，出现；上升；起立；起身；由()引起，(因)产生5debate vt.& vi.讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考n.讨论6identify vt.找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份7switch vi.& vt.转变；交换；调班 n开关，闸；转变，改变8abuse vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 n滥用；虐待；辱骂语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1Recently，these actions have affected(affect) the ecological bal

7、ance.2I found it difficult to relate(relate) the two ideas in my mind.3The suggestion came from the general that the soldiers should be prohibited (prohibit) from leaving camp after dark.4I thought it would be easy，but so far a lot of problems have arisen(arise)5They debated(debate) for over an hour

8、 on the merits of the different systems.6A special baggage check or tag is attached to the baggage to identify(identify) it.7Have you ever forgotten to switch(switch) off the TV or computer?8He abused (abuse) alcohol and tobacco，so he was physically unhealthy.派生单词1resist v抵抗；抗拒resistance n抵抗力；抵制，反对；

9、抵抗，反抗resistant adj.抵抗的，反抗的2adjust vt.& vi.调整，调节；适应；习惯；整理adjustment n调节(器)；调整adjustable adj.3.anxiety n焦虑；担心；渴望anxious adj.焦虑的；担忧的；渴望的；急切的4infect vt.感染；传染；浸染infection n传染，感染infectious adj.传染的；易传染的语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1Nowadays few people can resist the temptation of smartphones，for so many interesting thin

10、gs in them make anyone trying to be resistant to them finally give up their resistance(resist)2He was anxious to leave and he could not hide his anxiety(anxious)3.In 1997，in the first recorded instance of human infection with H5N1，the virus infected 18 people and killed 6 of them.(infect)4The desks

11、and chairs are adjustable and you can adjust them to the height of the students.The adjustment is not difficult to make.(adjust)1(2021新高考卷)His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesnt have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. A A乐谱 B得分，分数C

12、刻痕2(2020全国卷)The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off“switch”where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight. C A改变 B(铁路的)道岔 C转换器3(2018江苏卷) Its vital that new compulsory ageappropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the growi

13、ng demands of social media. C A配备 B准备 C使有能力短语理解运用高频短语1play a critical role in在中起关键作用2serve as. 充当/作为3relate to 涉及，与相关4prohibit sb.from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事5wrestle with 努力处理，全力解决6put sth.in place 准备就绪7without doubt 毫无疑问，的确8take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事9go to great lengths to do sth. 竭尽全力做某事，不遗余力做某事

14、10date back to 追溯到，始于，自至今11take the place of 代替；取代12up to now 到目前为止；直到现在13come up with 提出；想出14switch to 切换到；转变成15in addition to 除之外(还有)语境运用选用左边短语的适当形式填空1I think China will absolutely play a critical role in a regional economic recovery.2The authority prohibits students from carrying cellphones while

15、 going to school.3To bring the disease under control，we should put more effective measures in place4Even though many people now know about tea culture，Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea.5Serious as the problem seems，we can come up with some solutions to deal wit

16、h it.6My family has a vase，which is said to date back to the Ming Dynasty.7This kind of state has not had a fundamental change up to now.句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1as引导时间状语从句As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately.As I waited at a bus s

17、top，I ran into/came across my old friends.在公交站点等车的时候，我遇到了老朋友们。2.there be句型There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of genome editing.There is still much to be done，though，so I must be on my way.不过还是有很多需要做的，所以我必须走了。3.There is evidence that.有证据表明There is evidence that acupuncture

18、dates back to the Stone Age.There is evidence that the meaning of facial expressions may be similar across cultures.有证据显示，在不同的文化里面部表情的意义可能相似。1affect 课本义vt.影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动 增补义vt.感动；对起作用(高考原句2021全国乙卷满分作文 On the other hand，online learning itself has some imperfections，making it difficult for us not to b

19、e affected.(1)be affected by 被打动be affected with a high fever 发高烧(2)affection n喜爱，感情；影响；感染have a great affection for非常喜欢They are affected by certain body chemicals.他们会受到某些体内化学物质的影响。affect my health影响我的健康be affected by heat/cold中暑/着凉gain/win sb.s affection得到某人的喜爱have a great affection for your story很

20、喜欢你的故事【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错Affected with a high fever，he continued with his work.She was deeply affecting by the sad story.affectingaffected【链接写作】句式升级(普通表达)The audience were deeply affected，and they warmly applauded for a long time.(高级表达)Deeply affected，the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(分词短

21、语)(高级表达)The audience，who were deeply affected，warmly applauded for a long time.(定语从句)2relate 课本义vi.& vt.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述增补义vt.& vi.有亲戚关系(1)relate.to.把和联系在一起relate sth.to sb.向某人叙述/讲述某事relate to.和有关联；和合得来(2)related adj.相关的；有(亲属)关系的be related to.和有关的；和有联系的(3)relation n关系in/with relation to关于；与相比(4)relatio

22、nship n关系，联系The play is related to a love story which took place a long time ago.这个剧本和一个久远的爱情故事有关。relate to our case和我们的情况有关in relation to this matter关于这件事be related to drug abuse与滥用毒品有关relate his opinion to the fact把他的观点和事实联系在一起relate his childhood experiences to us向我们讲述了他的童年经历【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错It i

23、s difficult to relate his argument to the facts.Putting up signs related(relate) to banning smoking was advised by the government.Facing with the problem which major I should take，I am writing to you to learn about the related information.去掉with或FacingFaced【链接写作】一句多译他收集了许多有关天气的谚语和俗语。He has collected

24、 many proverbs and sayings that relate to the weather(relate)He has collected many proverbs and sayings (that are) related to the weather(related)He has collected many proverbs and sayings in/with relation to the weather(relation)3prohibit vt.(1)prohibit (doing) sth.禁止(做)某事prohibit sb.s doing sth./p

25、rohibit sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事(2)prohibition n禁止；禁令a prohibition on/against的禁令They prohibit publishing the articles with advertisement character.他们禁止发表带有广告性质的文章。prohibit smoking in all areas of the building这座大楼的所有区域都禁止吸烟prohibit doctors from advertising their services禁止医生为其医疗服务做广告a prohibition on

26、/against tobaccousing使用烟草的禁令【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错Traffic regulations prohibit people from riding bicycles on the sidewalk.We prohibit smoking (smoke) in the office during working hours.There is a prohibition in tobacco advertising in newspapers and magazines.第一个inon/against【链接写作】一句多译有必要禁止人们在一些场所使用手机。Its

27、 necessary to prevent/stop/keep people from using mobile phones in some places.(prevent/stop/keep.from)Its necessary to prohibit peoples using mobile phones in some places.(prohibit doing)Its necessary to prohibit people from using mobile phones in some places.(prohibit.from)【名师点津】“禁止/阻止某人做某事”的表达还有：

28、discourage sb.from doing sth.ban sb.from doing sth.forbid sb.from doing sth.4means n(单复数同形)方法；方式；财富，钱财(高考原句2021全国乙卷满分作文 Network learning has increasingly become an important means for people to acquire knowledge and solve problems.(1)a means of (doing) sth.(做)某事的方法、途径(2)by means of用，依靠；通过by all mean

29、s无论如何；当然可以(口语)by no means决不；无论如何都不(位于句首，句子要倒装)And youd better practice using chopsticks in advance，which is also a means of showing your good table manners.你最好事先练习用筷子，这也是展示你良好的餐桌礼仪的一种方式。by means of a secret tunnel通过一条秘密通道some means of contacting him和他取得联系的方法an effective means of communication一种有效的通信

30、手段means of production/transport/communication生产工具/运输工具/通信手段【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错Every possible means has been tried(try)，but none has worked.All possible means have been tried(try)，but none has worked.There is no doubt that the mobile phone is an important means of communication.Students sometimes suppo

31、rt themselves with means of doing parttime jobs.withby【链接写作】句式升级(普通表达)The problem is by no means as simple as we first thought.(高级表达)By no means is the problem as simple as we first thought.【名师点津】当means表示“方法，方式，手段”时，单复数同形。means作主语若有every，each，one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some，several，many，few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。5ari

32、se 课本义vi.(arose，arisen)发生，出现；由()引起，(因)产生 增补义vi.上升；起立；起身(高考原句2019全国卷)While I have only listed two of each，there are obviously many other situations that can arise.(1)arise为不及物动词，表示“出现，发生”时，主语一般为argument，difficulty，misunderstanding，problem，quarrel，trouble等抽象名词。(2)arise fromarise out of 由引起/产生if/when t

33、he need arises 如果/当有需要As we all know，the problems between parents and children have arisen out of lack of communication.众所周知，父母与子女间的问题是由于缺乏交流而引起的。arise at 9：30九点半起床injuries arising from/out of a road accident道路交通事故造成的伤害【一词多义】写出下列句中arise的含义Seeing his mother return home，the boy arose from his chair im

34、mediately.起身As is known to all，emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.产生They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.起床【链接写作】一句多译众所周知，许多疾病都由水污染引起。As is known，many diseases result from water pollution(result)As is known，many diseases arise from/out of water pollution(

35、arise)6disturb 课本义vt.使不安；打扰；搅乱增补义vt.妨碍；侵犯(权利)(高考原句2019全国卷)However，I soon discover that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of camps among tons of rubbish.(1)It disturbs sb.to do sth.做某事使某人不安be disturbed about/by 为感到不安/被打扰(2)disturbed adj.感到不安的；心烦意乱的disturbing adj.令人不安的，引起烦恼的disturb

36、ance n干扰；骚扰People should not do things that will disturb their neighbours.人们不应该做打扰邻居的事情。disturbing unemployment figures 令人担心的失业人数 be disturbed about the bad news对于这个坏消息感到心神不安feel disturbed to hear of your illness听说你生病了感到不安【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错I was disturbed(disturb) by the way she educated her children

37、.We cant focus on our work because of the disturbed noise.disturbeddisturbing【链接写作】一句多译她意识到自己孤单一人，心里很不安。It disturbed her to realize that she was alone.(disturb)She was disturbed to realize that she was alone.(disturbed)【名师点津】disturb指人心、睡眠、安静等被“打扰，扰乱”；interrupt表示突然中断、打断他人的言语或行为，使其不能继续。7adjust 课本义vt.&

38、 vi.调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理 增补义vi.& vt.校正，使符合(高考原句2021新高考卷满分作文 Father helped them adjust the fire，which was the key to success.(1)adjust to (doing) sth.适应(做)某事adjust oneself to使自己适应于adjust sth.to调整某物以适应(2)adjustment n调整；调节；适应make an adjustment/adjustments to对作出调整(3)adjustable adj.可调整的，可调节的The purpose of educ

39、ation is to teach humans how to adjust themselves to the environment and find the best solutions to the problems.教育的目的是教人类如何使自己适应环境，并找到问题的最佳解决方案。adjustable seat belts可调节的安全带adjust yourself to student life使你自己适应学生生活make a few adjustments to the design对设计作几处调整adjust to living alone in the countryside适

40、应独自一人住在乡下adjust your language to the age of your audience要根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错All this makes it harder to adjust to the new and difficult reality we face.I was wondering whether she could adjust to living (live) in the mountain village alone.Some schools will have to make adjustment in ag

41、reement with the national soccer reform.adjustmentadjustments【链接写作】一句多译由于新的形势，他们不得不对计划进行了许多调整。Because of the new situation，they had to adjust their plan a lot(adjust)Because of the new situation，they had to make many adjustments to their plan(adjustment)8without doubt 课本义毫无疑问，的确 增补义不容置疑地(1)no doubt

42、无疑，确实There is no doubt that.毫无疑问There is some doubt whether.怀疑是否(2)dont doubt that.不用怀疑doubt whether/if.怀疑/不相信是否2020全国卷)He says its not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green，but he has no doubt about it.doubt what he said 不相信他说的话doubt the truth of this statement怀疑这种说法是否符合事实be the best nur

43、se in the hospital without doubt 无疑是那家医院最优秀的护士【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错Theres some doubt whether he has the ability to do the job.You can complain，but I doubt that it will make any difference.thatif/whether【链接写作】句式升级(普通表达)Certainly I can fulfill the task ahead of schedule.(高级表达)There is no doubt that/No dou

44、bt I can fulfill the task ahead of schedule.(高级表达)I can fulfill the task ahead of schedule without doubt【名师点津】doubt作动词讲时，在肯定句中接if/whether引导的宾语从句；在疑问句和否定句中接that引导的宾语从句。当doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中接whether引导的同位语从句；在否定句中后跟that引导的同位语从句。9date back to课本义追溯到，始于，自至今 增补义属于date from追溯到；始于；起源于out of date过时的up to date (wi

45、th.)赶上(的)潮流；(与)保持同步；最新的make a date with与约会It is believed that Chinese Calligraphy dates back to at least the Han Dynasty.人们认为中国书法至少可以追溯到汉代。date from ancient times始于古代date back to the 1980s追溯到二十世纪八十年代be up to date with the latest trends追赶最新潮流【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错According to the expert，the vase has a his

46、tory dating (date) back to the early Tang Dynasty.Everyone should keep on getting himself educated so as to be up for date with modern technology.forto【链接写作】完成句子你告诉我的消息是过时的，但你却认为是最新的。The news you told me was out of date but you thought it was up to date【名师点津】date back to和date from通常用于一般现在时。作后置定语时，常用

47、现在分词形式。10As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately.然而，随着这一技术不断快速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。as的常用意思及其引导的状语从句：(1)“按照，像一样，正如”，引导方式状语从句。(2)“随着”，强调两个动作同时发生，引导时间状语从句。(3)“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句。(4)“与一样”，用于as.as或not so/as.as中，引导比较状语从句。(5)“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。【金句

48、推送】(2019江苏卷)Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench，hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers on the keys.史蒂夫走到钢琴旁，坐在长凳上，双手颤抖着，手指轻轻地放在琴键上。【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错(2019江苏卷)Well，maybe things are not as bad as they seem to be.Hot as/though the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired

49、 after the long journey.If you do what I say，your dream will come true soon.whatas【链接写作】一句多译随着时间的推移，我逐渐适应了学校生活。With time going by，I gradually adapted myself to my school life.(with) As time went by，I gradually adapted myself to my school life.(as)【名师点津】当as引导让步状语从句时，从句常用“名词/形容词/副词/分词/动词as主语系动词/助动词”的倒

50、装结构。注意：表语是名词时，名词前无冠词。夯基固本基础强化.用所给词的正确形式填空1I remember this extraordinary man who wins my affection(affect) for his unfailing cheerfulness.2The matter related (relate) to your fate cant be taken for granted.You have to think it over seriously.3It seems that local laws prohibit building (build) near th

51、e parks.4He has got both corresponding education and talents and is by all means(means) equal to this job.5I had to take action and deal with problems as they arose (arise).改正句中的错误1Weve had to make some adjustments on our original calculations.onto2Too often children are witness to disturbing amount

52、 of violence.to后加a3It appeared on some of the first postcards，and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos，dated all the way back to the 1800s.dateddating4Whether the communitys work contributes much to an overall accumulation knowledge is doubtful.knowledge前加of5The design of the bicycle h

53、as managed to reduce the effect of wind resistance and drag.effecteffects.在空白处填入一个适当的词1The chief editor related the facts of the case to journalists at the meeting.2My mother had a great affection for the poem when she retired.3It was the bad weather that prohibited them from going to the science mu

54、seum.4Watching films is regarded as a good means of entertainment.5It cant be too careful while driving.Accidents often arise from carelessness.6They should either monitor their websites better or adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.7The attraction of the cloister museum and gardens

55、lies in the fact that its collections date from the Middle Ages.8The research showed beyond doubt that smoking contributes to heart disease.查缺补漏知识拾遗.用所给词的正确形式填空1Fans who make trouble during the World Cup will be severely(severe) dealt with.2We should take measures to preserve(preserve) the environme

56、nt from pollution.3The Notting Hill Carnival，which starts on Aug.28 and ends on Aug.29，is recognized(recognize) as the largest street party in Europe.4He cant resist eating(eat) fried food even though he knows it is harmful to his health.5In this box are some stem cells(cell) that are urgently neede

57、d by a patient.6The girl deleted(delete) some important information by mistake the other day.7The doctor said that their baby was abnormal(normal)，which made the couple very worried.8So far this year we have seen(see) a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.9Till now，three films have been

58、 shown(show) in that small village this month.10How students ultimately(ultimate) handle stress may depend on their personal testtaking abilities.在空白处填入一个适当的词1Although she is on a tight budget，she often goes to great lengths to help others.2I want to serve as a volunteer of this international tennis

59、 competition because Im really passionate about tennis.3By simply turning on the light in the room you could also switch on your Internet connection.4I am grateful to Anna for helping me get out of the state of anxiety.5We have to apply the same rules to everyone，showing no favour.6Environmental problems are closely connected with a lack of awareness.7In many cases，the clothes people wear identify them as belonging to a particular social class.8The bigger brains make it harder for th