人教版英语八年级下册Units-6-10-语法复习(附练习题及答案)课件

1、最新人教版英语八年级下册Units 6-10语法复习（附练习题及答案）制作：邓华最新人教版英语八年级下册Units 6-10语法复习制作：邓 Unit6Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains. 语法要点 状语从句 概念： 用一个句子作状语修饰谓语动词，说明谓语动作的时间、地点、方式、条件、比较、程度、原因、目的、结果等 情况，这个句子就是状语从句。 Unit6Anoldmantriedto状语从句分类时间状语从句：表示时间 地点状语从句：表示地点 原因状语从句：表示原因 目的状语从句：表示目的方式状语从句：表示方式结果状语从句：表示结果 比较状语从句：表示比较条件状语从

2、句：表示条件让步状语从句: 表示让步状语从句分类时间状语从句：表示时间 一、时间状语从句时间状语从句表示时间，引导词有：when, while, as, till, until， before, after, since, as soon as以及 the moment, the minute, the first time.等名词性短语等。最新人教版英语八年级下册Units-6-10-语法复习(附练习题及答案)例如：While I was reading, mom was cooking.2. Mother didnt go to bed until I returned home last

3、 night.最新人教版英语八年级下册Units-6-10-语法复习(附练习题及答案)二、地点状语从句表示地点、方位的状语从句叫地点状语从句。地点状语从句引导词:where， wherever,everywhere,anywhere二、地点状语从句eg:We shall go where people are kind.Just stay where you are.We received a warm welcome everywhere we arrived.我们每到一个地方都受到了热烈的欢迎。4.Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成.w

4、here 在地点状语从句中，除指地点外，还可指处境等。 eg. I feel happy where I am. 我对自己的处境很满意.eg: 三、原因状语从句表示原因的状语从句最常用的引导连词有:because， as，since，for 三、原因状语从句 because, as, since, for用法区别 语气 位 置 意 义 because 最强 主句前或后 “原因”；表客观因果关系； 回答“why” as 较强 主句前 “由于”；将众人所知的 事实当作理由 since 较弱 主句前 “既然”；就对方陈述的 事实作为理由 for 最弱 主句后 “理由”；对某一事实 进行推断的理由 b

5、ecause, as, since, for用法区别 EG:1. He didnt come because he was ill.2. As it is raining , we wont go shopping.3. You couldnt see him, for he wasnt there.（不可在句首）4. Since you are busy, I will go alone.EG:四、结果状语从句:表示结果通常由 so that， so.that， such.that 引导 四、结果状语从句:表示结果 so that, sothat, suchthat so that“以便”,

6、“结果”表目的和结果。 注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的; 无情态动词表结果。 sothat “如此的以致于”表结果。 该结构常见于： 1.so+形副that2. so+形a(an)单数名词that 3. somany/much复数名词（不可数名 词）+that so that, sothat, suchthat suchthat“如此的以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.sucha(an)形容词名词that 2.such形容词复数名词不可数名词 that suchthat“如此的以致于”表结果。 eg : He was so angry that he went out without a w

7、ord.他很生气,一句话没说就出去了。2.He is such a nice boy that we all like him.3.He is so nice that we all like him.4. He didnt study hard, so that He didnt pass the exam. eg : 2.He is such a nice boy 五、目的状语从句: 表示目的主要由 so that，in order that，引导目的状语从句常常含有情态动词。五、目的状语从句: 表示目的eg : 1. They are hurrying so that / in orde

8、r that they may not miss the early bus. 他们为了赶上早班车而匆匆忙忙。2. He studies hard in order that / so that he can get better grades. 他为取得更好的成绩而努力学习。eg : 六、条件状语从句：表示条件 常用的引导词有： if， if only（if 的强调式）, unless (= if not)， as long as， so long as最新人教版英语八年级下册Units-6-10-语法复习(附练习题及答案) eg :As long as I am free, I shall

9、 go there.You cant pass the exam unless you study hard.If you want to know ,I can tell you.If only he comes, Ill leave here.5. Solongaswhatyoudoisright , Illgoalongwithyou.只要你们做得对, 我都依着你。 eg :七、让步状语从句：表示让步主要引导词有:though，as, although，even if， even though，however, Whatever , whenever等最新人教版英语八年级下册Units-

10、6-10-语法复习(附练习题及答案) though, although, as, though, although在句首表“尽管”两者都可以用。但句后不能再用but。 下列情况只能用though： as though (=as if);even if (=even though) 在句末表示“然而” as 表示“尽管”，从句的表语、状语等成分要倒装。 Happy as they were, there was something missing.尽管他们很快乐,但总缺 少点什么。 though, although, as, I wont mind even if (though) she do

11、esnt help me. Though it was raining heavily, he arrived here on tome. Old as / though he is, he walks fast. I wont mind even if (thougwhatever, however, wherever, whenever 是what, how, where, when的强势语气。分别等于： no matter what, no matter how,no matter where, no matter whenwhatever, however, wherever, weg

12、 :1. whether you like it or not , were going.不管你喜欢不喜欢,我们都要走了。2. No matter who / whoever comes here, I wont let him in.3.You can take whatever you like.eg :八、方式状语从句：表示方式 常由 (just) as(像)，as if/though(好像)引导，表示动作的方式。 Do as I said.按照我说的去做。 He seems very happy as if / though he had passed the exam.注意：在非正式

13、美式英语中可用like代替as引导方式从句。eg: Nobody treats me like you do.没有人像你这样对待我。 八、方式状语从句：表示方式九、比较状语从句：表示比较通常由 than， as.as, the morethe more引导最新人教版英语八年级下册Units-6-10-语法复习(附练习题及答案)eg:The more you eat, the fatter you are.Tom is cleverer than Bob.Jane is not so/as clever as her sister.eg:状语从句的时态使用：根据主句和从句的动词动作三种时间关系，

14、分为：1.主句和从句动作同时发生2.主句和从句动作都没有发生 3.主句和从句动作一先一后发生三类句型，每种句型分别对应不同的句式：最新人教版英语八年级下册Units-6-10-语法复习(附练习题及答案)1、主句、从句同时发生2、主句、从句都没有发生3、主句、从句一先一后发生I was studying while mom was cooking.What are you doing when he comes?I would leave if he came.I will leave if he comes.The train had been away when I arrived.过去配过

15、去过去配过去现在配现在现在配现在1、主句、从句同时发生2、主句、从句都没有发生3、主句、从句三类时间1、主从句同时发生2、主从句都没有发生3、主从句一前一后发生过去类：.过去进行 when /while一般过去/过去进行 现在类：现在进行 when 一般现在过去类：过去将来 when 一般过去现在类：一般将来when 一般现在过去完成 when 一般过去三类时间1、主从句同时发生2、主从句都没有发生3、主从句一前 Unit7Whatsthehighestmountainintheworld?语法要点 一.形容词和副词的比较级与最高级 1.形容词比较级和最高级的构成 A.规则变化:单音节词和少数

16、双音节词 1) 一般情况加 er 或 est fast faster fastest high higher highest clever cleverer cleverest Unit7Whatsthehighestmo2) 以字母 e 结尾加 r 或 st fine finer finest late later latest nice nicer nicest 3) 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音 字母时双写加 er 或 est fat fatter fattest big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest 2) 以字母 e 结尾加 r 或 st 3

17、) 重读1. 1. 1. 4) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 er 或 est early earlier earliest easy easier easiest lucky luckier luckiest 1. 1. 1. 4) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾变 y B.规则变化:部分双音节和多音节词 在词前加 more 或 most slowly - more slowly - most slowly easily - more easily - most easily carefully - more carefully - most carefully C.不规则变化: goo

18、d/well better best many/much more most little less least far farther farthest ( far further furthest ) bad/badly/ill worse worst C.不规则变化: good/well 2.形容词和副词比较级和最高级的用法2.形容词和副词1).表示两者（人或事物）的比较时用比较级，通常用连词 than 引导，表示“较”或“更一些”的意思 This cake is more delicious than that one. Li Lei jumped farther than Jim (

19、did). 1).表示两者（人或事物）的比较时用比较级，通常用连词 th2).表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的 比较用最高级，最高级的前面一般要 加定冠词the (副词最高级前面有时可 省略）, 后面可带of (in, among) 短语 来说明比较的范围 Shanghai is the biggest city in China.Jane sings (the) best of all. He is the most careful among us. 2).表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的 Jane sing3). 在表示 “和一样” 和 “不及” 这类概念时，可以用 “as+原级+as”

20、 和“not as（so）+原级+as”的句型Our teacher is as busy as before. He does not run so (as) fast as I.3). 在表示 “和一样” 和 “不4).可用much, still, a little, even, far, 5 years等表示程度的状语来修饰比较级 Jane is much taller than Marria. Tim is 5 years older than I. This problem is a little more difficult than the other one. 4).可用muc

21、h, still, a little, ev 5).几种比较级的使用句型 (1).“ 比较级 + and + 比较级 ” 表示“ 越来越 ” Your English is getting better and better.你的英语越来越好了。More and more people are learning Chinese.学汉语的人越来越多了。 5).几种比较级的使用句型 Your English (2). “ the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 表示“ 越就越 ” The harder you study, the better grades youll get. The sma

22、rter you are, the more mom likes. (2). “ the + 比较级，the + 比较级” （3）.“ more (less) than ”表示 “不止，不到” He is more than fifty. 他五十多岁了。 The lightest weighs less than 2 kilograms. 最轻的不到2公斤。 （3）.“ more (less) than ”表示（4）.“more or less”表示“差不多， 或多或少” My problem is more or less solved. 我的问题差不多已经解决了。 Is it right?

23、 More or less. 对吗？ 差不多吧。 （4）.“more or less”表示“差不多， My注意：a.形容词最高级前一定要用定冠词the，副词最高级前可省略b.在比较级中为了避免重复，在the后常用one，that，those等词来替代前面提到过的名词 This pen is shorter than that one. The weather here is colder than that of Guiyang. 注意： c.用or连接两项需作比较的内容时，用比较级；若or连接三项或三项以上的内容时，则必须用最高级。 Who is older, Jane or Mary? W

24、hich is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon? c.用or连接两项需作比较的内容时，用比较级；若or连接三 二. 英语大的基数词的表达方法 三位数以上的数，从个位往前数，每三位数加一个逗号“，”，从后往前数的第一个逗号代表thousand,第二个逗号代表million,第三个逗号是billion，注意这几个词不能用复数形式，后也不能加and。 如： 26209225016 读作： Twenty-six billion two hundred and nine million two hundred and twenty-five tho

25、usand and sixteen 二. 英语大的基数词的表达方法 三位数以上的数，表示具体、准确的数目时，hundred, thousand, million等数词后不能加-s, 如: five hundred, six thousand, seven million等。当hundred, thousand等数词与of连用，表示不具体、不准确的数目时，词尾须加-s。如： thousands of students, millions of trees. 表示具体、准确的数目时，hundred, thoUnit8HaveyoureadTreasureIsland？ 语法要点现在完成时1. 概念

26、：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 Unit8HaveyoureadTreasur 1. 2. 3. 2. 基本结构： 肯定式：主语+ havehas PP（V-ed, 动词的过去分词） 否定形式：主语+ havehas not PP （V-ed,即动词的过去分词） 一般疑问句：将havehas 提前到句首即可。 1. 2. 3. 2. 基本结构： 肯定式：主语I have already finished my homework. I havent finished my homework yet ?Have you finished

27、 your homework ? I have already finished my hom 3. 标志词： already, just, yet, ever, never, so far(till now/up to now), recently, in the past 3 years, before, since + 时间点, for + 时间段 3. 标志词： 4.现在完成时和一般过去时的异同点 共同点：动作都在过去。 不同点：和现在有无关系。(与现在有关的过去动作用现在完成，与现在无关的过去动作用一般过去。) 。 4.现在完成时和一般过去时的异同点 共同点：动作Unit9Havey

28、oueverbeentoanamusementpark? 语法要点 现在完成时（二）Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoa 现在完成时的固定结构（易错点） have gone to + 地点,表示“去了某地”。（人已走，尚未回。只用于第三人称。）They have gone to Guiyang.(They are not here.) I have been to+地点,表示”去过某地”。( 人已回来)I have been to Guiyang.(I am not in Guiyang now.) 现在完成时的固定结构（易错点） have gone have been in+地点+

29、时间段,表示“在/来某地多久”。I have been in Guiyang for 2 weeks.( I am now still in Guiyang .) since + 时间点, for + 时间段 I have studied English since 2013. I have studied English for 6 years. have been in+地点+时间段,表示“在/来某地 Unit10Ivehadthisbikeforthreeyears. 语法要点 现在完成时（三） 1.与现在完成时连用的时间状语already(肯定句)；yet(否定或疑问)；just；be

30、fore；never；ever；recently最近；sofar到目前为止；表示次数的词，如：once,twice,threetimes Unit10Ivehadthisbikef2.瞬间动词和延续性动词转换 若句中出现时间段，则必须使用延续性动词。瞬间动词和延续性动词转换关系2.瞬间动词和延续性动词转换 若句中出现时间段，则必须使用延 begin/start-be on leave-be away die-be dead borrow -keep buyhave go there-be there get home-be home open-be open close-be closed g

31、et to know-know come here-be here join-be in / be a member of begin/start-be on The film began 5 minutes ago. The film_ _ _ for 5 minutes. They left an hour ago. They_ _ _for an hour.The old man died a year ago. The old man_ _ _ for a year.has been onhave been away has been dead The film began 5 min

32、utes ago. Practice Practice 一、根据句意合所给单词首字母或汉语提示填空 1. Lets make a _(决定) who can go to Beijing with the officer. 2. Eight is a l_ number in China. 3. I was s_ to hear the news. decisionuckyurprised 一、根据句意合所给单词首字母或汉语提示填空 1. Let4.Do you mind _ ( close) the window？ 5.We are supposed _ (hand) in our homew

33、ork on time. 6. Mary is good at _ (drive) cars.closingto handdriving7. I _(have) breakfast already. have had8. He (die) for years.Has been dead4.Do you mind _ ( close) 9.We dont know if it _(rain) tomorrow . 10. You _( pass) the exam if you study hard. 11. Half of these bananas _(be) bad.will rainwi

34、ll pass12. Half of the boys _(like) football. arelike 9.We dont know if it _ 二、单项选择： 1. -Have you _ any wine ? -Yes, I _ a little just now. A. drunk, drank B. drank , drank C. drunk, drunk D. drink , drank 2. I have _ the dictionary since two years ago. A. buy B. bought C. had D. buying. 二、单项选择： 1.

35、-Have you _ 3. The room is _ dirty and wed better clean it at once. A. much too B. too much C. many too D. too many 4.There are _ people in the shop. A. Much B. much too C. too much D. too many 3. The room is _ dirty a 5. Did it _ two hours for you _ finish doing your homework yesterday? A. spendon B. taketo C. payfor D. ta