高考英语概要写作技巧

1、(圆满版)高考英语之大纲写作技巧(圆满版)高考英语之大纲写作技巧3/3(圆满版)高考英语之大纲写作技巧高考英语之大纲写作技巧Howtowriteasummary?1随着2017上海英语高考新增加summarywriting版块，大家也越来越多地开始关注“大纲写作”，为2018高考做好准备。今天，我们将从学习和授课的角度来谈谈“大纲写作”。Whatisasummary?平时，Summary的定义以下：Asummaryisawritten,shortenedversionofapieceofwritinginwhichyouuseyourwordingtoexpressthemainideas.(

2、LeeBrandon,KellyBrandon,2014)解读大纲写作就是用自己的语言概括原文的主旨马虎和核心信息。其中，要点词是：mainideas,shortenedversion,yourwording，重申用“自己的语言”说出“主旨”。其实，summarywriting中不可以是包括主旨，也应该包括文中最主要的核心信息。Howtowriteasummary?英语重申学习过程，所以summarywriting也不例外。我们可以将summarywriting分为两个环节：beforeyouwriteasummary以及whenyouwriteasummary.并可以大体细化为以下步骤：Be

3、foreyouwriteasummaryReadtheentiretextandaskyourselfwhattheauthorspurposeis.Rereadtheintroductoryparagraph(s)andfindthethesisstatement.Rereadtherestofthetext.Ineachparagraph,highlight,underline,orcirclethemainideaandkeypoints.Youcanalsoannotatetheimportantinformation.Whenyouwriteasummary1.Beginbystat

4、ingthetitleofthetext,theauthorsfullname(ifitsgiven),andhisorherpurposeforwriting.2.Usethetextyouhighlightedorannotatedtoexplaintheauthorsthesisandmainideas.3.Rememberto:keepthesummaryshort(aboutone-thirdtoone-fourthaslongastheoriginal).includeonlytheoriginaltextsmainideas.Donotincludedetails,example

5、s,informationthatisnotintheoriginal,oryourownopinion.writethesummarymostlyinyourownwordsbutdonotchangetheauthorsideas.(Thisiscalledparaphrasing.)解读1、内容：除了文章的标题和作者之外，主旨和核心信息必不可以少。如何概括主旨以及提取核心信息这又是一个新话题了，波及到学生的对文本主旨的掌握、对文章结构的理解、对核心细节的甄别等，在此后的haveatry中间，大家可以领悟一下。2、语言：必定是你自己的语言(yourwording)。即，你必定经过parap

6、hrase的方式用自己的语言进行大纲写作。若是必定要用到原文的句子，必定使用quotationmark（“引号”）表示引用。3、长度：LeeBrandon和KellyBrandon(2014)认为summary应该是原文的1/3到1/4之间，DebraDaise（2016）等人认为：Reducethelengthoftheoriginalbyabouttwo-thirds,althoughtheexactreductionwillvary,dependingonthecontentoftheoriginal.所以summary的长度大体就应该在原文的1/3左右。Haveatry下面的活动设计有

7、很多Scaffolding（脚手架）帮你完成，感觉一下summarywriting的写作过程吧。Summarizethefollowingpassage.PreparingforYourFirstJobInterviewByJimSweenyYouvejustgraduatedfromschool.Nowcomesthescarypart:interviewingforyourfirstjob.Formanyrecentgraduates,thisisananxiety-provokingtime.However,therearesomesimplewaystoprepareforthisch

8、allengingexperience.First,youshouldmakealistofthequestionsyoumightbeasked.Inmanyjobinterviews,youhavetoanswerquestionsaboutyouracademicexperienceandhowithaspreparedyouforthejob.Forexample,youmightbeaskedtodiscusshowyourparticipationinstudentgovernmentorsportshasgivenyouexperienceworkingonateam.Youwi

9、ll,ofcourse,alsobeaskedhowyourexperienceandtalentsfitwiththecompanysgoals.Onceyouvegotyourquestion,youshouldthenthinkaboutpossibleanswersandpracticerespondingtothem.Employerswillexpectyoutotalkindetailaboutyourexperienceanduseexamples.Makesurethatyouranswersdescribeparticularsituationsyoufaced,theac

10、tionsyoutookandtheresultsyouachieved.Onceyouvegotyourresponses,trypracticingonyourfriendsorfamilymembers.Thiswillmakeyoufeelcomfortablespeakinginfrontofaperson.Finally,dontgetdiscouragedifyouarenthiredthefirst,second,orthirdtimeyouinterview.Thinkofeveryinterviewaspracticeforthemostimportantone:thein

11、terviewthatwillgetyouajob.222words）若是感觉一下子有困难，不如先试一试思虑并回答以下问题。1.Whatistheauthorspurposeforwritingthetext?A.Hesdescribinghisfirstjobinterviewexperience.B.Hescomparingandcontrastingtwointerviewingstyles.C.Hesexplaininghowtogetreadyforajobinterview.Whatisthethesisstatement?Whatarethetwomainideasthatsup

12、portthethesisstatement?Inthelastparagraph,howdoestheauthorconcludethearticle?A.Herestatesthearticlesmainpoints.B.Hemakesafinalsuggestion.C.Hemakesapredictionaboutthefuture.mainidea和keyinformation有了若是若是你回答了以上问题，你已经对原文的大体认识，着手写大纲，八九不离十了。写大纲的时候，下面的checklist或许还可以帮你反思并规范内容。1.presentstheoriginaltextstitle

13、.2.presentstheauthorsfullname.3.presentstheauthorspurposeforwriting.4.identifiesthethesisstatement.5.identifiesallofthetextsmainideas.6.selectsthekeyinformationinthetext.7.doesnotincludedetailsorotherinformationnotinthetext.8.ismostlywritteninyourownwords.9.isclearandeasytofollow.若是你实在懒得写，你就依照上面的che

14、cklist对下面两篇伙伴作品做一个判断吧Whichofthefollowingtwosummariesisbetter?Why?Summary1Intheessay“PreparingforYourFirstJobInterview,”authorJimSweenygivesadvicetorecentgraduateswhoareinterviewingfortheirfirstjob.Specifically,hesaysthattherearethingstheycandotopreparefortheinterview.First,Sweenytellsstudentsthatthe

15、yshouldmakealistofquestionstheymightbeasked.Thesequestionsareusuallyabouthowapersonsschoolexperiencerelatestothejobheorsheisapplyingfor.ThenSweenysaysthatstudentsshouldprepareanswerstothequestionsandpracticerespondingtothem,andheexplainsawaytodothis.Inconclusion,hetellsstudentsnottogetdiscouragedbytheinterviewingprocess.Summary2Intheessay“HowtoPrepareforYourFirstInterview,”authorSweenygivesadvicetorecentgraduateswhoareinterviewingfortheirfirstjob.Hesaysthatlookingforafirstjobisstressful,buttherearewaystoprepareforaninterview.Sweenysaysthatstude