人教八年级下册Unit10语法(共35张)课件

1、Unit 10Ive had this bike for three years.Section A Grammar Focus-4cUnit 10Learning aims:1.复习已学的现在完成时。2.现在完成时的“未完成”用法。3.掌握延续性动词与非延续性动词。4.一般过去式与现在完成时的用法比较。Learning aims:1.复习已学的现在完成时。现在完成时： 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态。结构： 主语+ have / has + 动词的过去分词一般疑问句： have / has ? Yes, I have. N

2、o, I havent. Yes, she has. No, she hasnt. Revision 现在完成时：结构： 主语+ have / has + 动词的 现在完成时动词构成:have /has + v 过去分词助动词否定haventhasnt疑问Have you?Has he?常与下列时间状语连用：just , already, yet,ever, never, before, several times 现在完成时动词构成:助动词否定havent疑问Have 用法例句have/has been to强调“去过”某地，人已经回来，后面可接表示次数的状语。I have been to

3、Shanghai twice. 我去过上海两次。have/has gone to强调“去了”某地，现在不在说话的现场。My father has gone to Shanghai for a meeting.他（已经）去了上海。have/has been in表示某人“已经在某地住了一段时间”，现在仍在那里。The old man has been in the city for many years. 那个老人已经在这个城市很多年了。Revision 用法例句have/has been to强调“去过”某地，人 常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词:already (已经): 用于肯定句I ha

4、ve already posted the letter .yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句 He hasnt done his homework yet.just(刚刚) They have just left. ever(曾经) Have you ever been to Beijing ?never(从不) I have never seen him .before(以前) Have you seen the film before?since(自从以来) Ive worked in the school since 1999.for(长达) Hes lived in Shenzhe

5、n for 6 years.in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的)recently(最近) I have not written to my parents recently.so far(到目前为止) So far she has learned 5 English songs.up to now(到目前为止) 常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词:How long have you had that bike over there?Ive had it for three years.How long has his son owned th

6、e train and railway set?Hes owned it since his fourth birthday.Have you ever played football?Yes, I did when I was little, but I havent played for a while now.Grammar FocusHow long have you had that bik表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，还可能继续下去。此时常与如“for +时间段”、“since+过去时间点”、“since+过去时的从句”、“since+一段时间+ago”连用。谓语动词

7、用延续性动词，可以用how long提问。 I havent seen her for many years. 很多年我都没有见过她了。 Ivelivedheresince2008 自从2008年以来我就住在这里。 Ihaventseenherfortwoyears. 我两年没有看见她了。（1）现在完成时的“未完成”用法表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，还可能继续下去。for与since都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大：（1）for后须接“时间段” He has studied English for five years.他学英语5年了。（2）since后须接“时间点” He ha

8、s studied English since 1999.他从1999年开始学英语。（3）二者可以转换 for + 一段时间 = since + 一段时间 + ago He has been here for five weeks. = He has been here since five weeks ago. 他到这儿已经有五个星期了。for与since都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大：since能引导时间状语从句(主句现在完成时，从句一般过去时)， 而for则不能。如：He has taught here since he came to China.自从他来到中国就在这儿教书。We h

9、ave been friends since we met in school.我们从在学校见面起就成为了好朋友。（5）现在完成时常用句型： It is (has been) +时间段+ since +时间状语或从句It is four days since last Friday.从上周五到现在已经四天了。It has been two years since Jim came to Beijing.吉姆来北京已经两年了。since能引导时间状语从句(主句现在完成时，从句一般过去时选择for或since填空： I have been here _five months ago.2. He h

10、as been a soldier _ about two months.3. Great changes have taken place _ you left.4. His grandpa has been dead _ ten years.5. I have studied English _ I was 12 years old.6. It is two years _ I became a teacher.sinceforsinceforsincesince选择for或since填空：sinceforsincefor（2）延续性动词与非延续性动词的定义1. 延续性动词的定义：延续性动

11、词表示能够延续的动作，表示经过、经历。2. 非延续性动词的定义：被称之为终止性动词、瞬间动词，不能延续，表示行为的结果，这种动作发生后就立即结束。例如：learn/work/stand/know/watch/sleep例如：open/close/die/finish/come/move/buy（2）延续性动词与非延续性动词的定义1. 延续性动词的定义：非延续性动词用于完成时态，在肯定句中不能与for或since引出的（或句子）连用。但在否定句中可以，因为一个非延续性动词一旦被否定即成为状态，而状态总是可以延续的。我很久没见到他了。I havent seen him for a long tim

12、e.他有一段时间没来了。He hasnt come here for some time.非延续性动词用于完成时态，在肯定句中不能与for或since1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。 borrow buy put on catch a cold get to know get to sleep 非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换have/has keptkeephavehave/has hadwearhave/has wornhave a coldhave/has had a coldknowhave/has knownsleephave/has slept1. 转换为相应的延续

13、性动词，用于现在完成时。非延续性动词和 2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词”begin / start go out close open get to/arrive/reach die leave marry be on have/has been on be out have/has been out be closedhave/has been closed be openhave/has been open be in/athave/has been in/at be deadhave/has been dead be awayhave/has been awaybe m

14、arriedhave/has been married 2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词”befinish/stop fall sleep join become make friends come/go be overhave/has been overbe asleephave/has been asleepbe in/be a member ofhave/has been inhave/has been in a member of be friendshave/has beenbehave/has been friendsbe in/athave/has been in

15、/atfinish/stop be overhave/has bFill in the blanks.1. His father _ (die) in 1992. His father _ (be dead) for many years.2. He _ (leave) the army because of a leg wound. He _ (be away from) the army for seven years because of a leg wound.3. He _ (come) to Beijing in 2003. He _ (be in) Beijing since 2

16、003.diedhas been deadlefthas been away fromcamehas been inFill in the blanks.diedhas bee一般过去时表示过去某时发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只是陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对“现在”产生的影响。I borrowed the book last week.（我上周借了这本书）现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语连用。Jill has bought a new computer.(着重Jill现在有了一台新电脑)（3）一般过去时与现在完成时的用法比

17、较一般过去时表示过去某时发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。注意: 现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语连用，但可以和不明确指出时间的状语连用；也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语连用。如: yesterday, last, year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when she came in 如: already, yet, ever, never, sometimes, always, often, before, once, twice, recently, lately如：today, this morning, this week, this

18、year注意: 现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语连用，如: yes Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago. _2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago._4a. Rewrite the sentences using for or since.Jim has been in Japan for three days.They are very hungry because they havent had their meal for ten hours. J

19、im is in Japan. He arrived t3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009. _4. I know Anna. I first met her three years ago. _5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday. _I have had a camera since 2009.I have known Anna for three years.Linda has been ill since Monday.3. I have a camera. I bought i1. I _ (n

20、ever be) to the water park before. I want to _ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold.2. They_(never own) any pets, but they _(always want) to have a dog.3. We_ (have) a piano since last November. We _(buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.4b. Fill in the blanks wi

21、th the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.have never beengohave never ownedalways wanthave hadbought1. I _ (never be)4. Cathy and Amy _ (not be) back to their hometown for two years. They _ (miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.5. This museum _ (be) here for over 20 y

22、ears. It _ (be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town.havent beenmisshas beenishometown (n.) 家乡；故乡 【构词】home hometown (合成词)e.g. I love my hometown. Our hometown is getting more and more beautiful.4. Cathy and Amy _4c. Fill in the questions and ask two students. Then complete the chart. Do yo

23、u have a(n)_? How long have you had it?2.Do you own a(n)_? How long have you owned it?ThingsHow longTonyfavorite bookfor two yearsbasketballsince he was 10 years oldstudent1student24c. Fill in the questions and .单项选择1.MybestfriendTomis_honestboy.You canbelieveinhim. A.an B.a C.the D./2.I_wait for yo

24、u. It is too late and I must go home now. A.any more B. any longer C.no time D.no longerAD.单项选择AD3.Nickhasdonehishomework_twohours.A.for B.sinceC.after D.before4.Illlendyoumynewbook,butyoucanonly_itfortwodays.A.borrow B.keep C.lend D.bringAB3.Nickhasdonehishomework_ 5. She _ this book for nearly thr

25、ee weeks. A. has borrowed B. has lent C. has bought D. has kept 6. Ten years has passed _ the CCTV event People Who Moved China took place in 2002.A. when B. while C. before D. sinceDD 5. She _ this book for 7. When _ you _ the new bike? I _ it for 2 days. A. did, have; bought B. did, buy; have had

26、C. did, buy; have bought7. When _ you _8. The TV program Voice of Youth is really great. I think so. It _ the hearts of lots of fans since it started. A. lose and touch B. won and touched C. has won and touched D. has lost and hit9. My grandparents _ in that city since 2008. A. will live B. live C. have lived D. were living8. The TV program Voice of Yo1. Is that a new coat? No. I _ it for a long time. A. bought B. have bought C. have had2. Theboymisseshisparentsverymuch Sohedoes.They_thehometownfornearlytwoyears. A. haveleftB. willleaveC. havebeenawayfrom3. Itsnicet