汽车结构有限元分析第四讲有限元程序应用介绍课件

1、第四讲 有限元程序应用介绍-ANSYS程序介绍与上机操作 合肥工业大学机械与汽车学院 2019年2月第四讲 有限元程序应用介绍-ANSYS程序介绍与上1.有限元软件前处理 前处理建模菜单 ：PreprocessorElement Type Add/Edit/Delete Structural (Mass, Link, Beam, Pipe, Solid, Shell) Constraint (MPC) Contact Combination (Spring-damper, Combination, Revolute) SuperelementReal Constants Material Pr

2、operties Material Library Material Models: Structural: Linear: Elastic Nonlinear: Elastic, Inelastic, Rate Independent, Rate Dependent Density Damping Friction CoefficientSections Section Library, Beam, Shell, Joints1.有限元软件前处理 前处理建模菜单 ：Preprocess前处理建模菜单 ：Preprocessor- ModelingCreate: Keypoints Lines

3、 (Lines, Arcs, Splines, Line Fillet) Areas (Arbitrary, Rectangle, Circle,Polygon, Area Fillet) Volumes (Arbitrary, Block, Cylinder, Prism, Sphere, Cone) Nodes (Write /Read Node File) Elements (Write /Read Node File, Superelements)Operate: Extrude (Keypoints, Lines, Areas) Booleans (Intersect, Add, S

4、ubtract, Divide, Glue, Overlap) Scale (Keypoints, Lines, Areas, Volumes, Nodes) Calc Geom Items (Keypoints, Lines, Areas, Volumes)Move/Modify: Keypoints, Lines, Areas, Volumes, Nodes, Elements Rotate Node CS Transfer Coordinate Reverse NormalsCopy：Keypoints, Lines(Mesh), Areas(Mesh), Volumes, Nodes,

5、 ElementsReflect：Keypoints, Lines, Areas, Volumes, Nodes, ElementsCheck Geom:Select Small Lines, Show Degeneracy, KP distance , ND distanceDelete:Keypoints, Lines, Areas, Volumes, Nodes, Elements前处理建模菜单 ：Preprocessor- Model前处理建模菜单 ：Preprocessor- MeshingMesh Attributes: Element type numberMaterial nu

6、mberReal constant set numberElement coordinate systemMesh Tool: Element Attributes Set Smart Size (Fine, Coarse) Size Controls (Keypoints, Lines, Areas, Global) Mesh (Keypoints, Lines, Areas, Volumes) Shape (Tet, Hex,Tri, Quad, Free, Mapped, Sweep)Size Controls: Smart Size, Manual Size, Concentrate

7、KeypointsModify Mesh: Refine, ImproveCheck Mesh: Individual Element (Plot Bad Element), ConnectivityClear: Keypoints, Lines, Areas, Volumes前处理建模菜单 ：Preprocessor- Meshi前处理建模菜单 ：Preprocessor- Checking ControlsModel Checking: Model/FEA Checking Shape Checking: Level of shape checking Toggle Checks: Asp

8、ect Ration Tests Shear/Twist Angle Deviation Tests Parallel Side Tests Maximum Angle Tests Jacobian Ration Tests Warp Tests Numbering Controls Merge Items： Nodes, Elements, Keypoints Compress Numbers: Nodes, Elements, Keypoints, Lines, Areas, VolumesCoupling/Constraint Equation Couple DOFs, Coincide

9、nt Nodes, Constraint Equation, Rigid RegionLoads Analysis Type: Static, Modal, Harmonic, Transient, Spectrum, Eigen Buckling, Substructure Define Loads:前处理建模菜单 ：Preprocessor- Check结构单元类型： 主要有杆单元、梁单元、管单元、平面单元、三维实体单元、壳单元、接触单元、特殊单元（质量单元、弹簧单元、表面单元、多点约束）、显式动力学单元等。在实际使用时要注意查阅单元手册，了解单元属性，正确选用单元。结构分析类型，主要有七

10、个方面：静态分析;模态分析;谐响应分析;瞬态动力学分析;谱分析;屈曲分析;子结构分析;其它还有断裂力学问题、复合材料问题、疲劳分析、显式动力学分析等也属结构分析范围。结构单元类型： 主要有杆单元、梁单元、管单元、平面单按照有限元软件前处理功能，建模工作可概括为下述几个方面： 建立几何模型 建立有限元模型与网格划分 施加载荷及边界条件 按照有限元软件前处理功能，建模工作可概括为下述几个方面： 建2.有限元软件计算 -SolutionAnalysis Type: StaticModalHarmonicTransientSpectrumEigen Buckling,SubstructureSolut

11、ion Controls BasicAnalysis Options: Small Displacement Static Large Displacement Static Small Displacement Transient Large Displacement TransientTime Control (Number of Substeps, Time increment) Transient Full Transient Options Damping Coefficients Middle Step Criterion2.有限元软件计算 -SolutionAnalysis -S

12、olutionSolution Options Equation Solvers: Program chosen solver Sparse direct Pre-Condition CG Iterative Frontal direct Nonliner Nonlinear Option: Line search DOF solution predictor Equilibrium Iterations Creep Option-SolutionSolution Options-SolutionDefine Loads: SettingsApply Displacement Force/Mo

13、ment Temperature Gravity Initial ConditionDelete (Loads) Load Step Options: Output Controls Solution Print out, Grophical Solution Tracking, PGR file, Intergration Points Other : Birth & Death, User Routines Read / Write Load Case File Initial Stress Solve Current Load Case From Load Case Files-Solu

14、tionDefine Loads:3.有限元软件后处理 -General PostprocessorData & File Options Results Summary Read Results: First set, Next set, By Load Step, By Time/Freq, By Set Number Plot Results:Deformed Shape, Contour Plot, Vector Plot, Plot Path Item List Results:Nodal Solution, Element Solution, Iteration Summary Query Results:Element Solution, Subgrid Solution Nodal Calculations:Total Force Sum, Summation Element Table:Define Table, Plot Element Table Path Operations:Define Path, Plot Path Item Load Case Check Element Shape Fatigue:Property Table, Stress Locations, Assign