高中英语状语从句版

1、高中英语状语从句精编版高中英语状语从句精编版18/18高中英语状语从句精编版状语从句用法详解在主从复合句中修饰主句的动词、形容词、副词等的从句叫状语从句。一时间状语从句：起时间状语作用的从句。when,while,as,after,before,until/till,since,assoonas,immediately,themoment,everytime,whenever等。1.when,while,as1)when当“的时候”，表示主从句的谓语动作同时发生或先后紧接着发生。IwasveryhappywhenIheardfromyou.Whenyoudealwiththem,youshou

2、ldbecautious.WhenIwasyoung,Iwenttotownmyself.（连续性动词）Whenthefirebrokeout,allthestudentsweresleepingsoundly（.非连续性动词）Asayoungman（=Whenhewasayoungman）,hewasfondofhunting.2）while指引的时间状语从句中谓语动词必然是连续性动词或表示状态的动词，重视主句动作和从句动作对比较。MyfatherwaspreparingareportwhileIwasplayinggames.Pleasedonttalksoloudwhileothersa

3、reworking.while意为“固然,只管”,还可以够指引退步状语从句.Whileitwaslate,hewentonworking.（固然很晚了,但他还在连续工作.）Whileheisinpoorhealth,heworkshard.（固然他身体不好,但他仍是努力工作.）4）连结两个并列句子,表示“比较”关系.比方：Hewentoutforawalk,whileIstayedathome.他出去漫步了,而我却呆在家里.）1/15Ilikesingingwhileshelikesdancing.（我喜爱唱歌,而她喜爱跳舞.）Youlikesports,whileIprefermusic.5

4、）as表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时发生，可译为“一边，一边”或“跟着。”Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.Astimegoeson,itsgettingwarmerandwarmer.注意：假如主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用连续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，when,while与as可交换。When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.2.till,until和not.until1）until/till必然句：主句的谓语动词必然是连续性动词，

5、主句、从句都为必然式，意为“某动作向来连续到某时间点才停止”。Heremainedthereuntil/tillshearrived.Youmaystayhereuntil/tilltherainstops.2）否认句：主句的谓语动词必然是非连续性动词，从句为必然式，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。组成not.until/till，意为“直到才”。Dontworry.Wewontsetoffuntilyouarrive.3）till不能够够置于句首，而until能够。Untilyoutoldmethenews,Ihadnoideaofit.4）not.until句型中的重申解倒装用法。重申句型

6、：ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.2/15倒装句型：NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.（notuntil置于句首，主句要用部分倒装构造）1）before没“有来得及就”“未就”“就”Someonecalledmeupinthenight,buttheyhungupbeforeIcouldanswerthephone.Theyhadtalkedonlyafewminutesbeforetheyfoundtheywerequitedifferentinopinion.2）before作“才”Thebusdr

7、iveralmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.Thefirelastedaboutfourhoursbeforethefirefighterswereabletocontrolit.3）before可译为“趁”“免得”“以防”等。IlldoitbeforeIforgotit.趁还没有忘，我此刻就把这事做了。Wedbetterfinishtheworkintimebeforethebossscoldsus.4）before可译为“（宁愿而）不肯”。Heddiebeforeheapologizestothem.他宁死也不向他们致歉。Idgiveuptheplanbefo

8、reIturntohimforhelp.注意：“It+be+一段时间+before从句”中的主句和从句的时态有两种情况：假如主句用一般未来时，则从句用一般此刻时，意为“多长时间此后某事马上发生”；3/15Itwontbelongbeforewemeetagain.不久我们就会再会的。假如主句用过去时，从句也用过去时，意为“多长时间此后某事才发生”。Itwas3yearsbeforehecamebackfromabroad.三年后他才从外国回来。since译为“自从，主”句常用此刻达成时，从句常用一般过去时。Hehasstudiedveryhardsincehecametoourschool.I

9、haventheardanynoisesinceIslept.HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant,nosooner.than.,hardly/scarcely.when.和once（一就）这些隶属连词指引的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生，常译作“一就。从”句顶用一般时态取代未来时态。Nosoonerhadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.Theboybur

10、stintotearsimmediatelyhesawhismother.注意：nosooner.than;hardly.when.时态搭配：nosooner与hardly指引的句子的谓语动词应用过去达成时，而than与when指引的句子的谓语动词应用一般过去时。当把nosooner和hardly提到句首时，应用倒装语序。Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.4/15everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,allthetime等名词短语

11、用来指引时间状语从句，表示“每当；每次；下次等。”ThelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.IthinkofthethingsandthepeoplewhenwestudiedthereeverytimeIgobymymotherschool.二地址状语从句：在句中作地址状语的从句称为地址状语从句，可置于句首、句中或句尾。指引词有where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere等。Makemarkswhereyouhavequestions.Youcangoanywhereyoulike.Wherethereisawill

12、,thereisaway.注意：地址状语从句与定语从句的差别where指引定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地址的词作先行词；而状语从句前则无需用先行词。Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.Gobacktothevillagewhereyoucamefrom.Youdbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions（.状语从句Youdbettermakeamarkattheplacewhereyouhaveanyquestions（.定语从句）三退步状语从句指引退步状语从句的连词有although,though,as,evenif,eventhough,wh

13、ile,whether.or.,whether(.)ornot,whatever,nomatterwhat/how/why等。1.though/although指引的退步状语从句5/151）although和though意义同样，都意为“固然，即便”，表示退步，可交换使用，差别在于although语气较重，大多置于句首。2）though/although指引退步状语从句时，主句若用yet或still引出，更为重申比较性，但不能够出现but。3）though指引的从句能够把表语、状语、动词等提至句首。在asthough,eventhough中一般不能够用although取代。同时although

14、不能够当副词用，而though则可。Althoughitsraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.Shortthoughitis,thearticleisveryimportant.注意：though还可用作副词，意为“但是，但是”，置于句末。2.eventhough/evenif指引的退步状语从句Eventhoughheispoor,sheloveshim.(=Heispoor,yetsheloveshim.)Evenifheispoor,sheloveshim.(=Hemaybepoor,yetsheloveshim.)as指引的退步状语从句,从句中的表

15、语、状语以及谓语中的实义动词需提早至从句句首，作表语的单数可数名词前若有冠词，冠词需要省去。Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Thoughhewasachild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Muchas/thoughIlikeit,Iwontbuyit,foritstooexpensive.Tryas/thoughyoumay,youwillneversucceed.Tiredas/thoughhewas,hecontinuedtowork.4.whether.or/whether(.)orn

16、ot指引的退步状语从句Youllhavetoattendtheceremonywhetheryourefreeorbusy.6/15Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itstrue.5.while指引的退步状语从句表示“只管”，比though/although语气弱。while指引的退步状语从句一般要位于句首。WhileIlikethecolor,Idontliketheshape.我固然喜爱那颜色，但不喜爱那形状。WhileIunderstandwhatyousay,Icantagreewithyou.what-ever指引的退步状语从句,常可换成“nomatter+wh-词

17、”，但在指引名词性从句时只好用wh-ever类词。Illwaitforyouhowever(nomatterhow)lateitis.Whoever(Nomatter)youare,youmustkeepthelaw.注意：“nomatter+疑问词”构造只好指引退步状语从句，而wh-ever类词还可以够够指引名词性从句或其余状语从句。Illeatwhateveryougiveme.（what指引宾语从句）四原由状语从句1.）because语气最强，用以回答why惹起的发问，它还可用于重申构造。Shewasafraidtomovebecauseasnakewaslyingbesideher.W

18、hydidtheyfail?Itwasbecausetheydidntdotheirbest.2）as语气弱，较口语化，as从句多置于主句以前。Ashewasinahurry,helefthisbaghome.Asitwasapublicholiday,alltheshopswereshut.7/153）since的语气比较弱，常表示对方已知的事实，常常相当于汉语的“既然”。since从句多置于主句以前。SinceMondayisBobsbirthday,letsgivehimaparty.Sinceyouarefreetonight,whynotdropinandplaychesswithm

19、e?注意：上述三个词为隶属连词，而for是一个并列连词。for有时可用来作附带说明，必然把其惹起的句子放在某一句子此后。Weshouldbemorecareful,foritisalreadydark.2.nowthat主要用于口语，表示略微的原由，that有时能够省略。Nowthateverythingissettled,Ihavenoreasonhere.forthereasonthat的用法,that后是一个同位语从句，讲解说明reason的内容。IoftengototheconcertforthesimplereasonthatIlovemusic.that后的从句behappytha

20、t,besurprisedthat等中的that从句有时也被以为是原由状语从句。ImsorrythatIhaventdonesomuchasIshould.Wefeelproudthatourcountryisgettingstrongerandstronger.五方式状语从句as,asif/though等as指引方式状语从句。YoumustdotheexperimentasIdo./Youarefinejustasyouare.asif/though指引方式状语从句。1）asif/though指引的方式状语从句所表示的状况是事实或拥有很大可能性时，8/15Sheclosedhereyesas

21、ifshewastired.2）假如从句所表示的状况不是事实，平常用虚假语气。Heactedasifnothinghadhappened.HespeaksEnglishasifhewereaforeiner.Itsoundsasifhecouldsolvetheproblem.注意：asif/though也能够指引一个分词短语，不定式短语或无动词短语。Hestaredatmeasifseeingmeforthefirsttime.Heclearedhisthroatasiftosaysomething.Thewavesdashedontherocksasifinanger.六条件状语从句常用指

22、引词有if,unless,as/solongas,once,incase,onconditionthat,supposing(that),providing(that),provided(that),given(that)等。在条件状语从句中，平常用一般此刻时表示一般未来时，IwilldefinitelystudymedicineafterIfinishschool.在条件状语从句中,一般过去时表示过去未来时，Wearrivedattheairportbeforeitrained.此刻达成时表示未来达成时。IllwatchtvassoonasIvefinishedmyhomework.if指引

23、的条件状语从句Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.Ifyoufailintheexam,youwilllethimdown.unless指引的条件状语从句,意为“除非，若不”。Youwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier.9/15Unlessitrains,thegamewillbeplayed.oncondition(that)指引的条件状语从句,“在条件下”。Icantellyouthetruthonconditionthatyoupromisetokeepitasecret.Iwilldoitoncondition

24、thatyouhelpme.supposing/proving/provided/given(that)能够用作连词，意为“假如,假如”，指引条件从句表示一种假定条件。Supposing(that)itrains,shallwecontinuethesportsmeeting?Providing/Supposing/Given/Provided(that)youpromisenottotellanyoneelse,Illtellyouthedetails.incase指引的条件状语从句常放在主句前，表示“假如，假如”。Incaseanythingimportanthappens,pleasec

25、allmeup.as/solongas指引的条件状语从句,意思是“只需”。Solongasyourehappy,itdoesntmatterwhatyoudo.once指引的条件状语从句，意为“一旦，一就”，从句可置于主句前或后。Oncevirtueislost,allislost.一旦道德抛弃了，什么都抛弃了。Onceyoushowanyfear,thedogwillattackyou.七目的状语从句,常用来指引目的状语从句的有so,sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase(that),forthepurposethat,lest等。1.inordertha

26、t,sothat指引的目的状语从句需要用神态动词，如may/might/will/would/shall/should/can/could等。Theycarvedthewordsonthestonesothat/inorderthatthefuturegenerationshould/mightrememberwhattheyhaddone.10/15Inorderthatwemightseethesunrise,westartedforthepeakearly.sothat指引的从句只好置于主句此后，此中that有时能够省略。Weclimbedhighso(that)wemightgetab

27、etterview.2.forfear(that),incase,lest指引的目的状语从句Wehadameetingandtalkedthematterfacetoface,forfearthatthereshouldbeanymisunderstanding.我们开了一个当面的会议讨论这个问题，免得惹起误解。incase表示以防（万一）发生某种状况。Lest意为“以防”。Takeanumbrellawithyouincase/lestitshouldrain.带着伞以防下雨。八结果状语从句1.that,so,sothat,so.that.,suchthat,such.that.等。Wemo

28、vedtothecountrysothatwewereawayfromthenoisyanddullcity.Hespokeatthetopofhisvoicesothatthestudentsatthebackheardhim.2.so.that.指引的结果状语从句so+形容词/副词+that从句Lisalefthomesohurriedlythatshelefthercellphonehome.so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数形式+that从句Tomissokindaboythattheyallliketomakefriendswithhim.so+many/much/few/litt

29、le+名词+that从句Thereissolittletimeleftthatwehavetospeedup.11/153.such.that.指引的结果状语从句such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数形式+that从句Heissuchagoodteacherthatweallrespecthim.such+形容词+可数名词复数形式/不能够数名词+that从句Theseweresuchdifficultquestionsthatnoneofuscouldanswer.Wehadsuchterribleweatherthatwecouldntfinishtheworkontime.so.that

30、.与such.that.的差别so是副词，其修饰的中心词是形容词、副词；such是形容词，其修饰的中心词是名词。Hespokesofastthatnooneunderstandhim.Theyaresuchfineteachersthatweallholdthemingreatrespect.Jackissohonestaworkerthatweallbelievehim.=Jackissuchanhonestworkerthatweallbelievehim.为了重申形容词或副词，so/such.that.指引的结果状语从句，可把so/such部分置于句首，主句用倒装语序。Soexcited

31、washethathecouldnotfallintosleep.Suchgoodnewsdidwegetthateveryonewasexcited.九比较状语从句常用as.as,notas/so.as.,than等连词指引。“the+比较级.，the+比较级.结”构也可指引比较状语从句。同级比较常用“as.as.构造。”HespeaksEnglishaswellasyoudo.Hewokeupassuddenlyashehadfallenasleep.12/15不同样级比较常用“notas/so.as.构造。”Hishandwritingisnotasgoodasyours(is).Hed

32、oesntspeakEnglishaswellasyoudo.差级或最高等比较常用构造“.than.。”Hewasmoresuccessfulthanwehadexpected.Hecanearnnomoremoneythanyoucan.比较关系的状语从句常用构造为“the+比较级.，the+比较级.。”Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.Thesooneryouareback,thebetteritwillbe.注意：what/as也可指引对称或比较关系的状语从句。Foodistomenwhat/asoilistomachine.食品之于人，仿佛油之于机器。Enginesaretomachineswhat/asheartsaretoanimals.引擎关于机器而言就好似心脏对动物同样。十状语从句中的省略在表示时间、地址、条件、方式、比较或退步等的状语从句中，假如谓语含有动词be，主语又和主句的主语