定语从句课件

1、定语从句Attributive Clause一.定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后。3. 关系词常有3个作用： 引导定语从句 代替先行词 在定语从句中充当一个成分2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose 等； 关系副词：when，where, why 等。二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.修饰

2、人 (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.修饰物3 which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys

3、. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 既可以修饰人, 也可以修饰物 (5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)5. whose通常

4、指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.归纳：who, whom 指人，who 作主语, whom作宾语 which 指物，作主语或宾语 that既指人也指物 ,作主语或宾语 whose 既指人也指物，作定语 that, whom, which 作宾语时可省略。(但是介词后的关系代词不可省略)指人指物主语宾语that whichwhowhom小结：关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省

5、略定语从句只能用that的几种情况 1. 当先行词既有人，也物时 eg: Can you remember the teacher and his subject (that we have learned)? The man and the dog (that we saw yesterday) are over there.2. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时,为避免重复，用that(1) Who is the man (that is standing there)?(2) Which is the T-shirt (that suits me fine)?3. 当先行词

6、被the very, the only修饰(1) This is the very dictionary (that I want to buy).(2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing (that he owned).4. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时 This is the best film (that I have seen). She is the most beautiful girl (that I have ever met).5. 当先行词被序数词修饰 The first place (th

7、at they visited in London) was the Big Ben. The second exam (that we are going to take) is math.6当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some 等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时(1) Have you written down everything (that Mr. Li has said)?(2) T

8、here seems to be nothing (that seems impossible for him in the world).(3) All (that can be done) has been done.(4) There is little (that I can do for you).7, 在 there be 句型里There is only one thing ( that I can do ).1.He did all / everything _he could to help me.2.This is the very thing _ I am after.3

9、.We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school.4.He is the only man _ can do the work.5.This is the first thing _ I want to say.6.He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with.7.Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate.8.Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth. Exercise that

10、 , which or who?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat当关系代词前有介词时，只能用whichThis is the hotel in which you will stay.只能用which 的情况步骤：1.判断出先行词是指人还是物。2.判断出先行词在从句中所担任的成分。3.确定关系代词。一请分析一下定语从句：( 请划出定语从句，并标出先行词)1.Another thing( that) I found very difficult was English grammar. 2.You couldnt understand people who tal

11、ked fast. 3.I have some ideas that may help. 4.They said something(that) you didnt like. 5.Can you think of any problems(that) you have had recently?6、He would always take pride in everything(that) good I do. 7、My friends and I talked about the rules( that )we have in school. 8、What are some of the

12、rules ( that )a teenager should obey?9、If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 10、Check the ways (that) you study for an English test. 二、用关系代词填空：that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose 1.This is the man _ wants to see you.2.The student _ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3.The man _ you we

13、nt to see has come.4.The man _ I met yesterday lent me some money.5.The woman _ you saw is our geography teacher. who/ thatwho / that whom / that /whowhom /that / whowhom / that / who6.The runner _ you are asking about is over there.7.The person _you should write to is Mr. Ball.8.The man _was passin

14、g by saw what happened.9.Here is the pen _ you lost the day before yesterday.10.These books _you lent me were very useful.11.The storybook _ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.12.A clock is a machine _ tells people the time.whom / that whom / that who / that that / whichthat / which that /

15、which that / which13.This is the shirt _I bought yesterday.14.A dictionary is a book _ gives the meaning to the word.15.The book _ is on the table is mine.16.The film _ they are talking about is very interesting.17. I will never forget the people and the places _ I have ever visited.18.Is there anyo

16、ne _ family is in Beijing?19.Show me the boy _ mother is a well-known singer.20.The boy_ father is a teacher is good at English .that / which that / which that / which that /whichthat whosewhosewhose二，单项选择 ( ) 1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady_ comes from Beijing. A. who B. which C. whom D.

17、 whose( ) 2. Whats the name of the program_. A. which are listening B. you are listening to C. to that you are listening D. that you are listening( ) 3. The students were all interested _ you told them yesterday. A. in which B. in that this C. all that D. in everything( ) 4. He was the only person i

18、n his office_ was invited. A. whom B. whose C. that D. which( ) 5. This is the museum_ we visited last year. A. where B. in which C. which D. in thatABCCC( ) 6. Charlie told his mother all _ had happened. A. that B. what C. which D. who( ) 7. Do you know the student _? A. whom I often talk B. with w

19、ho I often talk C. I often talk with D. that I often talk( ) 8. I like the house _ windows face south. A. whose B. whos C. its D. its( ) 9. Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _? A. what I need B.I need C. which I need it D. that I need it( )10. The young woman _ I spoke just now is a youn

20、g doctor. A. who B. to whom C. whom D. thatACABB一、选择最佳答案填空：1Did you find the notebook _ Jim had given me for my birthday?A. who B. whom C. which D. whose2. Thats all _ I have seen and heard. A. which B. that C. where D. what 3. He never reads anything _ is not worth reading. A. that B. as C. who D.

21、whichCBA4. The man _ coat is black is waiting at the gate. A. whos B. whoseC. that D. of which5. _ cleans the classroom can go home first. A. Anyone B. those who C. However D. The one who6. The police caught the man _ stole my handbag. A. he B. that C. whom D. which7. The girl _ is reading under the

22、 tree _ my sister. A. which, is B. whom, was C. who , is D. who, was8. George Mallory was an English teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. whichBBBCA指人指物主语宾语that whichwhowhom小结：关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略定语从句只能用that的几种情况 当先行词既有人，也有物时2. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时,为避免重复，用that3. 当先行词被th

23、e very, the only修饰4. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时5. 当先行词被序数词修饰6当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some 等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时7, 在 there be 句型里 There is only one thing ( that I can do ).关系副词when,where,why的用法I still remember the day( I firs

24、t came to the school).when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语I still remember the day. I first came to the school on the day.whenShanghai is the city. I was born in Shanghai.where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语 Shanghai is the city ( I was born).wherePlease tell me the reason you missed the plane.why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语Please tell me the r

25、eason. You missed the plane.why关系副词和先行词的关系I still remember the day when I came here. This is the house where I lived last year. There are many reasons why people like traveling. on the day =whenin the house= wherefor the reasons =why关系副词 = 介词先行词1、Beijing is a beautiful city. I went there last summer

26、.Beijing is a beautiful city _I went last summer.where2、I remember the day. My father made his first real film.I remember the day_my father made his first real film.when3、 The reason was that he passed the exam. He was so happy for the reason.The reason _he was so happy was that he passed the exam.w

27、hy特别注意比较下列句子介词+关系代词的情况Do you still remember the day (when we saw the film named Not One Less)?= Do you still remember the day (on which we saw the film names Not One Less).This is the factory (where my father worked ten years ago).= This is the factory (in which my father worked years ago).The reaso

28、n (why he fails the test) is that he didnt study hard.= The reason (for which he fails the test) is that he didnt study hard.The man whom you spoke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.toin介词+关系代词介词+关系代词The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far a

29、way.toin Are these two sentences right?可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后 介词+关系代词Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better . 在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗?1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10?3. Do you like the book she learned a lot

30、? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 介词+关系代词的情况 练习on whichfor whichfrom whichabout which5. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher.6. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River.7. The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill.8. The man _ I spoke on t

31、he phone last night is very good at wrestling.9. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.under whichof whichfrom whichto whomof which1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave. when /in whichwhichwhere/ in whichwhichwhy/ for whichthat/which几种易混的情况及物动词及物动