中考考点与初中英语语法课件现在完成时

1、中考语法之现在完成时 2019.12 。考点透视知识定位能力要求时态形式过去分词使用条件词性变换肯定否定疑问标志词隐含语境易混句式变化规则瞬间性动词变延续性动词形式考点诠释肯定形式：主语+have/has done sth. 否定形式：主语+have/has not done sth. (have not=havent; has not=hasnt)疑问形式：1)一般疑问句： Have/Has+主语+done sth? 2)特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句过去分词变化规则考点诠释规则（与变过去式相同）举例1.一般情况，在动词词尾直接加edwork-worked2.以e结尾的动词,加dliv

2、e-lived3.重读闭音节结尾的动词，要先双写词尾字母,再加edstop-stopped4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加edstudy-studied注意：熟记过去式和过去分词的不规则变化形式使用条件使用条件时间状语1.表动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果被just,already,yet,still等副词修饰2.表从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍在进行带有for+时间段、since+时间点、these days、so far、in the past/last few days、till/until now、u

3、p to now、recently、lately等表一段时间的状语3.表说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，译为“过”带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语时间状语：辨析副词already、yet “已经”already:一般用于肯定句中，yet:一般用于否定句和疑问句中ever“曾经”、never“从未”多用于否定句或疑问句中，just,before,up to now,the past few years等表示到说话为止的过去时间状语now,today,this morning(month,year,term)等包括“现在”在内的时间状语，常考对

4、现在的影响和结果易混句式考点诠释1.have been (to) 表“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称，可与once,never,several times等连用2.have gone (to) 表“去了某地（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，不与once,never,several times等连用词性转变现在完成时中，瞬间性动词(肯定式)不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。若句中使用“一段时间”状语时，应变为相应的延续性动词或系表结构瞬间性动词延续性动词arrive in(at)/reach/get tobe here/in/atleavebe awaygo outbe ou

5、topenbe opencatch(a cold)have(a cold)closebe closeddiebe deadget upbe upput onwear/be on词性转变瞬间性动词延续性动词finish/end/stopbe overgo to schoolbe a studentborrowkeepbegin/startbe oncome backbe backfall ill/sick/asleepbe ill/sick/asleepjoinbe in/be a member ofbuyhavebecomebemarrybe married(to)wake upbe awak

6、e 1.Students in Beijing_away many books to the Hope School since 2009. A. have given B.give C.gave D.will give2.-Why is Mr.Yang still in the teachers office? -Maybe he_his work yet. A. doesnt finish B.hasnt finished C.havent finished D.didnt finish 真题直击 3.-Your shoes are so old.Why dont you buy a ne

7、w pair? -Because I_all my money on an IPAD. A. spend B.have spent C.am spending D.was spending真题直击影响、结果：前后有因果关系 4.-Hello,may I speak to Miss Wang? -Sorry,she isnt in.She_the office. A. has been to B.has gone to C.has been away 真题直击 5.He_Luzhou for three months. A. has left B.has come to C.has gone to D.has been away from 6. -Did you borrow the comic book from the library? -Yes.I_it for three days.Ill return it this afternoon. A. borrowed B.kept C.have borrowed D.have k