最新unit-3-under-the-sea基础知识

1、精品文档Unit 3Under the sea1witness vt. 当场见到；目击；见证n. 目击者；证人；证据He witnessed to having seen the man enter the room.他证明看到那个人进了房间。The police found the witness to the murder case.警察找到了那个谋杀案的目击者。The witness(目击者 )who witnessed(目击 )the incident gave witness(证据 )to the police andpromised to be a witness(证人 ) 运用提

2、升 After the explosion, the policemen did a lot of work to find out some clues from the_.A onlookersBviewersCpeopleDwitnesses2urge vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策(3)have an urge to do sth. 迫切要求做某事Brown urged her to reconsider her decision. 布朗极力劝说她重新考虑自己的决定。 I urged that he(should)do his best. 我强调他要尽自己最大的努力。 It was ur

3、ged that he(should)be punished. 有人极力主张他应受到惩罚。翻译句子他极力劝她学习物理。 _他们敦促我去申请工作。 _精品文档精品文档(3) 她渴望当一名电影明星。_3 abandon vt. 放弃；遗弃；抛弃We had to abandon the car and walk the rest of the way. 我们只好弃车，步行赶剩下的路。Imogen had abandoned all the hope of ever seeing her brother again.伊莫金已经放弃了再次见到哥哥的全部希望。He abandoned himself t

4、o drinking. 他沉溺于饮酒。 运用提升 After the sixparty talk in Beijing, an agreement was reached_that North Korea would abandon_nuclear weapons.A stating; to develop B stating; developing C to state; to develop D states; developing 4 reflect vi. 思考 vt. 映射；反射；思考Her face was reflected in the mirror. 她的脸映照在镜子中。 H

5、e reflected on his past mistakes.他反省过去的错误。 运用提升 Usually, a childs behavior is a(n)_of his family environment, many studies suggest.A descriptionBrecognitionC reflectionD expression5 help out vt.帮助 (某人 )摆脱困境或危难vi. 援助；协助My father helped me out when I lost my job. 我失业时我父亲帮我摆脱困境。 Bob used to help us out

6、 when we were short of staff.我们人手不足时，鲍勃常常帮我们。help sb. to do sth. 帮 某人 做某事1help sb.with sth. 帮助某人做某事can t help to do sth. 不能帮着做某事(2)can not help doing sth. 禁不住做某事(3)help oneself (to sth.) 自取，自用(4)can t help but do sth不.得不做某事运用：翻译下面句子在老师和同学们的帮助下，小明终于摆脱了爱打电子游戏的习惯。_地震中，许多家长不得不眼睁睁地看着他们的孩子被埋在废墟中。_她忍不住大笑起来

7、。 _请随便吃点鱼。 _精品文档精品文档5)When I_in the kitchen, nothing made me feel better than preparing the eggs and serving them just the way thecustomers wanted.A helped outB figured outC worked outD found out6 be/become aware of 对知道、明白；意识到He was well aware of the problem.他很清楚这个问题。be aware that-clause知道，体会到(1)mak

8、e sb.aware that. 使某人意识到 as far as I m据aware我所知develop an awareness of. 逐渐懂得 (2)lack of awareness缺乏认识Are you aware that you are sitting on my hat? 你知道你正坐在我帽子上吗？As far as Im aware, nobody has done anything about it. 据我所知，尚无人对此采取任何措施。 运用提升 Because he was_the new limit, he was stopped and wanted for spe

9、eding.A good atBtired fromCunaware ofD uninterested in句型精析1. As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers. (P20)随着我们的逼近，我能看见一条鲸鱼正在被其他6 只虎鲸袭击。“ see a whale being attacked 看到鲸正”在被袭击，句中“ being attacked作宾语”补足语，表示动作正在被进行。在中学英语中being done 结构通常用于以下情况：主语：Being e

10、xposed to too much radiation will do great harm to your health.Being bitten by a dog put him into a hospital.宾语：He narrowly missed being shot.He insisted on his being called Mr. Cliff instead of Mr. Clive.宾语补足语：When he came to himself, he found himself being looked after by an old lady.When I was a

11、child, I used to watch bicycles being repaired.后置定语：The question being discussed now is of great importance to us all.The tall house being built over there belongs to my uncle.注意： “being done形”式作宾语补足语和后置定语时表被动，同时又表进行，然而在作主语和宾语时仅表被动。单项填空(1)Henry cant attend the party _ at Toms house at present becaus

12、e he is preparing the speech at the party _at Maries house tomorrow.A. held; being heldB. to be held; to be heldC. to be held; heldD. being held; to be held Do you know anything about the meeting _ in Italy? Yes, and as a matter of fact I attended it.A. to be heldB. heldC. being heldD. to hold(3)New

13、 ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _.A. being fully acceptedB. fully acceptingC. having fully acceptedD. fully accepted2 Being badly wounded, the whale soon died.句型： being done 在句中作原因状语。having been done 也可以在句中作状语。精品文档精品文档翻译： 1)当被问到谁偷了钱时，这个年轻人沉默了。_ ， the young man kept silent.2)由于受到很好的照顾，

14、这些树长得越来越壮。_ ， the trees are growing better and better.3)约翰被关在监狱许多年后，最近获释。_ ， John has recently been set free.3 Im sitting in the warm night airwith a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day a day of pure magic!“ with宾语宾语补足语”在句中充当状语，表伴随，原因等。完成句子：1)我睡觉时喜欢开着窗。I like to sleep_.2)妈妈讲着故事，小孩很快就睡着了。

15、_ ， the child fell asleep soon.3)老师走了进来，手里拿着一本厚厚的书。The teacher came in_.4)由于有很多问题亟待解决，新当选的总统急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。_ ， the newly- elected president felt like a cat on hot bricks.4 The fish didn tseem to mind me_swimming among them. 鱼儿好像并不介意我游在它们中间。me 在句中用做swimming的逻辑主语，这叫做动名词的复合结构。动名词的复合结构的其中一种形式是“物主代词或名词所有格动名词”

16、，在句中做主语、宾语、表语等。如果不是在句子开头，这个结构常常可以用名词的普通格(或人称代词的宾格)。His/Jacks not getting to the station on time made all of us worried.他 / 杰克没准时到车站使得我们大家都很担心。(做主语 )Do you mind my/me/Jacks/Jack leaving now?我 / 杰克现在离开你介意吗？(做动词的宾语 )Have you heard of my sisters winning the contest?我妹妹在竞赛中获胜的事你听说了吗？(做动词短语的宾语)He left the

17、 city without our knowing it.他离开这个城市我们大家都不知道。(做介词的宾语)What is most important is Toms going there at once.最重要的是汤姆立刻到那里去。(做表语 )练习：1） Do you mind _ alone at home?A Tom leavingB Tom having leftC Toms being leftD Tom to be left2） Do you mind me_your pen?A useB usingC to useD used3It was a time when the ki

18、ller whales, or “killers”as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那个时期，虎鲸 (当时被称为 “ 杀手 ”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。句中 a time 表示“一段时间”，相当于a period of time，后接 when 引导的定语从句。I still remember a time when I lived in Germany.我仍记得在德国住过的那一段时间。精品文档精品文档【思维

19、拓展】age 有“时代，时期”之意，也可接when 引导的定语从句。It happened in the Stone Age when the weather was stillwarm.它发生在气候仍然温暖的石器时代。There was_time_I lived on the farm happily.A a; thatB a; whenC /; whenD /; that .完成句子1 I urged that we _( 立即采取措施 )prevent such things happening again.2 Our newspaper aims to _( 反映 )the views

20、 of the local community.3 They failed several times ， and finally _( 放弃希望 )finding an effective way of solving theproblem.4 You should set aside some time to _( 反思你的成功和失败)5 The whole world _( 见证成功发射 )Tiangong on September 29th,2011.6. Where do you plan to work? I ve made up my mind to _去(最需要我的地方) .短

21、语突破1 _优于；在前面2 _瞄准3 _在此期间；与此同时4 _帮助 ( 某人 )摆脱困境或危难5 _对知道、明白；意识到6 _上下翻转7 _吓死了8 _分类；整理9 _即将或将要做10 _靠近III. 单项选择：1 The police found a witness _ the traffic accident and asked her to _ witness.A to； giveBof； give aC to； give aD of； give2 After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to

22、 provide_for the homeless families.A occupationB furnitureC equipmentD accommodation3.Shell never forget her stay there_she found her son who had gone missing two years before.A thatB whichC whereD when4.Im not surprised that he became a writer. Even as a child he had a_imagination.A clearB cautious

23、C funnyD vivid5 Premier Wen s strong love for the people is _ in what he has done and spoken.A relievedBreflectedC respondedD recovered6 The police found a witness _ the traffic accident and asked her to _ witness.A to； giveBof； give aC to； give aD of； give7 There is no need for you to worry.Things

24、_ quite well.A worked outB helped outC broke outD dropped out8 Do you work in this office? No， as a clerk in this office is on vacation ， I m just _ here for about a week.A hanging outB working outC turning outD helping out精品文档精品文档9Most parents are not _ the danger of their babies，which causeseating

25、 jellymost unfortunate incidents to happen.A well aware toBvery aware ofC aware thatD well aware of10.Today， we will begin _ we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A whenB whereC howD what11 _ unemployment and crime are high ， it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.A

26、BeforeBWhereC UnlessD Until12.The new apartment built a few months ago is large enough to_over 2,000 people.A containBprovideC includeD accommodate13. The injured bird walked slowly， _one wing along ，which made us sad.A draggingBand draggingCdraggedD to drag14. They urged that the library_open durin

27、g the vacation.A was keptBwould be keptC is keptD be kept15.Usually, a childs behavior is a(n) _ of his family environment, many studies suggest.A descriptionB recognitionC reflectionDexpression答案： 1. 答案： D考查名词辨析。句意：爆炸后，警察做了大量的工作从目击证人那里查找线索。onlookers“旁观者”； viewers“观众”；witnesses“目击证人” 。2. 答案： (1)He u

28、rged her to study physics.(2)They urge me to apply for the job.(3)She has an urge to become a film star.答案： B4. 答案：C 句意：许多研究表明， 通常一个孩子的行为会是他的家庭环境的反映。 description“描述”；recognition“认出”；reflection “反映”；expression “表达”。答案： 1) With the help of the teacher and his classmates， Xiaoming managed to help himse

29、lf out of his problem with computer games.In the earthquake, many parents couldnt help but leave their children in the ruin.She cant help laughing./She cant help but laugh.4) Please help yourself to some fish5)A 句意：我在厨房里帮忙的时候，没有什么比能够完全按照顾客希望的方式做好鸡蛋，给他们端上桌更让我感到高兴的了。故选 A 。 figure out “算出；想出；理解” ；work

30、out “计算出”； find out “查明，弄清楚” 。答案： C句式： 1. 答案： (1)D(2) B(3) A2.1）Being asked who stole the money 2) Being taken good care of3) Having been kept in prison for many years3. 1) with the window open2)With her mother telling stories3)with a thick book in her hand4)With a lot of problems to solve4.（1）答案： C

31、 解析： mind后接动名词做宾语，且动名词的逻辑主语是Tom，表被动意义，故选 C。（ 2）答案 B解析 mind 后跟 v.ing 形式作宾语。5.答案 B解析 there was a time when有一段 的时光。课后练习： 答案： 1.1. take immediate action to2. reflect3. abandoned the hope of4. reflect on your successes and failures5. witnessed the successful launch6. go where I m most needed精品文档精品文档 .短语突破答案： 1.ahead of2.aim at3.in the meantime4.help(.)out5.be/become aware of6.upside down7.(be)scared to death8.sort out9.be about to do10.get close toIII. 单项选择：1解析：选A 。考查 witness 的意义和用法。a witness to.表示“的目击者” ； give witness“作证，证