02英语精讲语法词汇

1、【淡蓝冬日一、大纲要求及复习范围式掌握 4000 左右个英语单词和 500 个常用词组复用式掌握 1800 个左右的常【淡蓝冬日一、大纲要求及复习范围式掌握 4000 左右个英语单词和 500 个常用词组复用式掌握 1800 个左右的常用英语单词和 200 个常用词组掌握一定数量的常用词缀，并能根据构词法和语境意思识别常见的派生词何谓“复用式掌以词汇 efficient 为例其词性是形容词其含义是：高效的，有效率的，能胜任的。可以形容人的工作效率高，也可以形容机器效高其副词形式是：efficiently；名词形式是 近义词反义词6.形近词有：sufficient（sufficiency,suf

2、ficiently insufficientdeficien（deficienc,deficiently）； proficient (proficiency, proficiently)二形式、重点及例题分析：形式：单句选择填空，要求考生从四个选项中选出一填入空格中。题5道重点：是对名词、动词、形容词、短语及固定搭配的判断和理解，其中包括区分近形词、近义基本题型2013-07. Computers5%ofthecountrysA.payB.standC.accountD.provide2013-01.Noreadytechnicaldataavailable,wemanagedtoA.go B

3、.goC.goD.goionsoftheir2013-04.TheactorandactressprovidedA.B.C.D. 1【淡蓝冬日2011-08.TheshirtisarealbargainbecauseitisgoodinqualityandinA. C.D.2011-06.Ifthecaryouhaverentedisclearlyunsatisfactory,youways itfor【淡蓝冬日2011-08.TheshirtisarealbargainbecauseitisgoodinqualityandinA. C.D.2011-06.Ifthecaryouhaveren

4、tedisclearlyunsatisfactory,youways itforA.B.C.D.2010-10.The thiefwassobythebrightlightsandbarkingtheA.B.C.D.三、如何利用：例题：Good lighting in factories leads to greater comfort, higherand productivity, fewer mistakes and accidents.A.B.C.D.词汇拓(mature;expert （expertise）speLead to;语法分四、英语的构词法 2. 派生Misundersta

5、nd;cooperate;underestimate;unders 3. 转换）Back: 后背 支持；HarentsbackedherchoiceofThe rich: ThegapntherichandtheesTheHavesandHave-Nots. A must: N. 必须做的事Hisnewnovelisamustforallloversofcrimefiction. Ihavean out,andyouWearegivinganout.Takeitornot,itisyourcallto五、英语派生词的基本词根：决定单词的基础含2【淡蓝冬日后缀：改变词Port；Im-;Ex-;T

6、rans-;Pro-；-able;-ion;-ive;-重要后-en(动词后缀Soften;deepen；strengthen; -ee（名词后缀；人） (-ism （抽象名词后缀；表示：主义，学说Pragmatism (务实主义；实用【淡蓝冬日后缀：改变词Port；Im-;Ex-;Trans-;Pro-；-able;-ion;-ive;-重要后-en(动词后缀Soften;deepen；strengthen; -ee（名词后缀；人） (-ism （抽象名词后缀；表示：主义，学说Pragmatism (务实主义；实用主义); modernism(现代化-ize （动词后缀 -fy（动词后缀Be

7、autify;purify;testify;tourism(旅游业【前缀】3anti-自双生命，生co-,col-,com-, con-, cor共除去，否定；离di-,dif-,无，不，相en-,前；向外il-,im-,in-, im-进间，相千中小误单多过度，太；后先predict【淡蓝冬日【名词后缀】4-nlibrariannnRussian-人-人daughter owner lawyer trainer barber b her singer carrier actor an【淡蓝冬日【名词后缀】4-nlibrariannnRussian-人-人daughter owner lawy

8、er trainer barber b her singer carrier actor an tor bachelor conductor director senator operator sponsor - 人，主义artistnovelist -性质，状-状态，集表示行为、状voyageadvantagebaggagecouragegarbageshortage-抽象名词-动作，状desperation invention inva modernization permisses suspiciontransmis industrialization-代-抽象名ality-运agree

9、ment appo ment argument arrangement monument movement parliament payment replacement requirement settlement treatment再远横贯，转三在下，副【淡蓝冬日【动词后缀】【形容词后缀】5-能够，值得available comparable favorable honorable-annualcasualclassicalcontinualconventionalcritical-accustomed【淡蓝冬日【动词后缀】【形容词后缀】5-能够，值得available comparable

10、 favorable honorable-annualcasualclassicalcontinualconventionalcritical-accustomed advanced ashamed beloved complicated crowded -colorful faithful fearful fruitful grateful -的，人，academic artistic economic electronic heroic -的，人relative-无的，不-如-的，-ous -ambitious anxious cautious -harden lengthen loose

11、n threaten-学-状态，性friendshiphardshipleadershipnership-结果，过truthwarmth-抽象名liberty【淡蓝冬日【副词后缀】【常见词根】语法词汇 1-表示原因的连词6词意举做，动audi，听ced， 走exceed中dic，说【淡蓝冬日【副词后缀】【常见词根】语法词汇 1-表示原因的连词6词意举做，动audi，听ced， 走exceed中dic，说引做拿conference 末尾，界出生，种步写投injectinjectionrejectproject选ectneglect放站看st，站Ven 来看supervise vibasicall

12、y defini y directly espe lly eventually evidently extremely fairly finally fortuna y generally hardly highly increasingly largely mainly merely mostly namely naturally nearly ne sarily normally obviously particularly partly sibly practically presently probably rarely readily really repeatedly respec

13、tively scarcely shortly simply specifically truly usually virtually wholly- -的，人dirtygreedy【淡蓝冬日Because（前后；强JustbecauseIdontcomplain,peoplethinkImAs(前；明显的原因Astheweatherwasfinewe【淡蓝冬日Because（前后；强JustbecauseIdontcomplain,peoplethinkImAs(前；明显的原因AstheweatherwasfinewedecidedtoclimbthemountainThe days are

14、 long, for it is now April.Since(引出已知原因SinceImheretoday,Isawt（既然Nowt)youarehere,youdbetter语法词汇 2-表示原因的介词短语onaccountSheretiredearlyonaccountofillAs a result of (= caused by) Shediesasaresultofherinjuries.due to(sth/ sb)：= caused by; because of Mostoftheproblemsareduetohumanerrors. Note: not before no

15、un.BecauseHewalkedslowlybecauseofhisbadnksto(sb/sthShepassedthenkstoalotofhardnkstoyou.Everyoneknowsaboutit拜您所赐，现而今任谁都知道了语法词汇3-表示“所以”“结果”的副词，连词1. Hence:(=forthisMyrotherisbyhimself,henceImustgohomeThereforeso , so 更为正式IveneverbeentoItaly,thereforeIknowlittleaboutThus:(=asaresultofsomethingjustWedont

16、ownthebuilding.Thus,itwouldbeAsaHewasrunoverbyacar.Asaresult,hesibleforustomakeanychangestoRegularexercisestrengthenstheheart,therebyreducingtheriskof6.esathreattoagricultureandfoodchain,andconsequentlytohuman7.Accordingly:(=treason;therefore ；句首Thecostofmaterialsrosesharplylastyear.Accordingly,wewe

17、reforcedtoincreaseour语法词汇 4-表示1.“递进”的副词连词Atalentedartist,shewas,moreover,awriterofsome2.7【淡蓝冬日Hesaidhehadnotdiscussedthematterwithher.Furthermore,hehad【淡蓝冬日Hesaidhehadnotdiscussedthematterwithher.Furthermore,hehadnotevencontacted3.Idontreallywanttogo.Besides,itistoolate inadditionof（此外，还） 语法词汇 5-表示1

18、. by“比较”的副词、连词、介词短语Whenyoulookattheirnewsystem,oursseemsveryold-fashionedbybyBycomparison,expenditureoneducationincreasedlastontheItvebeenOnthecontrary,Ienjoyedevery4.The United Seswonmostof thetrackandfieldevents.Similarly,inswimming,thetopthreepla toAmericans.语法词汇6-表示“转折”的副词、连词、介词短语However(句首，句中He

19、wasfeelingbad.Hewenttowork,howeverandtriedtoconcentrate. Note: however 的其它用法+adjoradv,meanstowhatevereverdegree He wanted to take norisks, however small.=InwhateverHoweveryoulookatit,itwillcostaThereislittletwewillsucceedinchangingthelaw.Nevertheless,itistweHisdefeatwasexpectedbutitising3Whereas( 用于

20、比较两个事实Someofthestudiesitiveresults,whereasothersdoStrangethoughitmaysound,IwaspleaseditwasIfelthewaswrong,althoughIdidntsaysoatthetime. Although small, the kitchen is well designed.inspiteTheywentswimminginspiteofallthedangerHervoicewasshakingdespiteallhereffortstocontrol Theesallnewmembersregardles

21、sof8【淡蓝冬日语法词汇 7-表示“举例”的副词、连词、介词短语forWhatwouldyoudo,forinstance,ifyoufoundamemberofstaffforjustSuchas【淡蓝冬日语法词汇 7-表示“举例”的副词、连词、介词短语forWhatwouldyoudo,forinstance,ifyoufoundamemberofstaffforjustSuchas语法词汇8-表示“强调”的副词、连词、介词短语:InInin5.6. more=Asoftenasnnot: Asoftenasnot,heslate for他上班往1.e,ingeflightsareall

22、bookedtwhichotherdaycouldwe tyouarewrong,whatwillyoudo2. provided t：Wellbuyeverythingyouproduce,providedoftthepriceisright. 3.given t： tIt4.rprisingernmentwasre-elected,ttheyhadraisedtaxesso5. as/solongas:=onlyWellgoaslongastheweatheris语法词汇tosumininaallinonthe10-表示“总结”的副词、连词、介词短语语法词汇 11-关联连词1.Iwasbo

23、thshockedandedbyyour2. notonlybut9【淡蓝冬日Everythingaroundusiseithersolid,Neither younorIama5. no n（一就No【淡蓝冬日Everythingaroundusiseithersolid,Neither younorIama5. no n（一就Nosoonerdidtheygettonitbegantoontheonehandontheotherscarcelywhen=hardly when Scarcelyhadhearrivedwhenhehadtoleave.8.t9. theThemomentth

24、ebellrang,alltheschoolchildrenotheir10.11. 语法词汇其它连Youwontgetpaidfortimeoffunlessyouhaveadoctors除非你有医生证明，否则你不上班就拿不到工资WhileTomeisverygoodatscience,hisbrotheris4.whether(oryIdontrememberwhetherIreadthisWhetherwediscussthequestionhasyettobe Asfaras（就AsfarasIknow,weshallhaveaseminaronAsHespokeasifhe hadb

25、eenhereassoonas一就Willlhimassoonashegets 8Aswellas不仅，和，以及) HewaskindaswellasIn case（以防，以免Takeanumbrellawithyouincaseitshouldlest （以防，以免TakecarelestyoushouldcatchInheEveryOtherwise（否则，语气强Dowhatyouhavebeentold,otherwiseyouwillbe【淡蓝冬日七Thenewcurrencywillo A.B.C.D.ShortageofcapitalisthemainteconomicC.hold

26、sback D.holdsA.holdsB.holdson3.ThecaptainofthethettherewasnoA.B.C.D.4.ManyoldA.hecitiesfindthemselvesunabletogetusedtotheofcityB.C.D.5.Olympiadissaidto【淡蓝冬日七Thenewcurrencywillo A.B.C.D.ShortageofcapitalisthemainteconomicC.holdsback D.holdsA.holdsB.holdson3.ThecaptainofthethettherewasnoA.B.C.D.4.Many

27、oldA.hecitiesfindthemselvesunabletogetusedtotheofcityB.C.D.5.Olympiadissaidtohaveconsistedofa200-yardfootracenearthesmallcityofA.B.C.D. 6.The e attheconferenceisveryimportantanditwillcreateasensationA.B.beingC.isbeingD.hasbeen7.TheextensivesurveyttheirC.mptionstotallyD.wouldA.B.8. Undoubtedly,winsth

28、eelectionisgoingtohaveatoughjobgettingtheeconomybackonitsA.B.C.D.9.Millions ofAmericansflock to their drugstores to buy vitamins and canhelppreventserioust A.B.C.toD.tobe10.ThebirdflewupwardanddroppedthefishontotherockitD.A.B.C.Peoplewhowalkonthegrasstoafineof.C.D.Dr.Hawkinghasmademuchcontributionto

29、thetheoriesofmodernphysicsattheofhisA. B.C.D.13. JohnSmith, beinga diligentstudent,neverrefusesmoretotare A.take B.takeC.takeD.takeEffective prevention against physical harms has never urgently needed,lly A.B.C.D.ingaware ofour mothersage, notjust in numbersof yearssychologicalphysicale,oftenhelpsus

30、tounderstandherA.inspite B.onaccountermsD. by means of D.n16.Toyourentry,pleasebringyourA.B.C.17.Expertssaythe spacerockisprobablyA.B.C.D.18.Childrenunderstandwhatarereciting,butgraduallyitwillhaveanimpactonA.B.C.D.19.Everyyear,thousandsofcollegestudentsapplyfortheCCTVCupEnglishSpeechA.B.C.D.20.Toda

31、yspopularclothingteenagers,whocanbecountedupontochangetheirtastes【淡蓝冬日30 A.resortB.attendC.appealD.apply21.There is goingto time forpeopletoassesswhetherornot wehave made theright histimeofA.B.C.D.22.Everyplant,animal,andhumanbeingneedswatertoA. B.C.D.23. Changes in climate slowlythroughtheA.makeB.t

32、akeC.keepD.setandnatural【淡蓝冬日30 A.resortB.attendC.appealD.apply21.There is goingto time forpeopletoassesswhetherornot wehave made theright histimeofA.B.C.D.22.Everyplant,animal,andhumanbeingneedswatertoA. B.C.D.23. Changes in climate slowlythroughtheA.makeB.takeC.keepD.setandnaturallanguagewhenyouA.

33、B.D.usetechniquesfromscienceandtheartstodeceivethemindandA.B.C.D.26.erviewedbutdidnotfindanyoneA.C.B.D.27.Chocolate manufacturers blend many types ofbeans to andcolor he A.theB.the C.theD.the28.LivingthingscansenseheirD.decideA.respondB.makeC. lead29. Sometimes, artists for their own enjoyment or se

34、lf-, choosing their A.B.C.D.mercehaswitnessedgrowththeseA.B.C.D.31.TheresearchershavecomeupwithnumerousexplanationstotheirA.32. It wasmeA.B.C.D.retthethoughtsswimmingbehindhisB.C.D.33.wasneededwasonefinalpushtoclosethetB.C.D.34.Hehasnoalternativebuttoaskhissister forA.to B.C.D.irstyle,totheir35.Rock

35、singers,hip-hopdancers,andhippiesallhaveA. B.lC.lD.36. HewasknowingeverythingaboutthecourseshewastotakeattheA.lost37.HeA.B.attentiveC.clearD.keentthesmade arrangementsfortheB.C.D.38.engageinseriousdebateorunlessyouarewillingtoendureA.havebetterB.hadbetterC.havebetternotD.hadbetternot40.Saffronreturn

36、edtoLondonheractingcareerafterfouryearsofA.B.C.D.41.When Iworkedasa soldiersandfactoryclerk，Ihadtheopportunitytomeeta 【淡蓝冬日A.B.C.D.42.Ifthecaryouhaverentedisclearlyunsatisfactory，youwaysitA.BC.D.43. Every manager needs a t he can to take care of t may occur in 【淡蓝冬日A.B.C.D.42.Ifthecaryouhaverentedis

37、clearlyunsatisfactory，youwaysitA.BC.D.43. Every manager needs a t he can to take care of t may occur in A.bringB.holdC.countD.focus44.TheshirtisarealbargainbecauseitisgoodinqualityandinA. C.D.hisadvancedcourse，studentsarerequiredtotakeperformancetestsatA.B.C.45.Americanwomenwere therighttovoteuntilA

38、. B.C.D.46.IrealizedIhadletmyself insomethingfromwhichtherewasnoturningA.B.C.D.47.Thoseclose tohimarethehopestostayonofhisA.B.C.eD.48.Workingwomenhaventleftthefamilyehind:nowtheytoworkevenhardertodoA.B.C.D.49.Moderntechnologyhas npeoplefarD.A.B.C.50.IlyouIamtoyouforhavinglistenedtoA.B.C.D.【淡蓝冬日2013-

39、15:WhichofthefollowingisprobablythebesttitlefortheA.DegreeNoLongerC.GraduationandB.Educationis【淡蓝冬日2013-15:WhichofthefollowingisprobablythebesttitlefortheA.DegreeNoLongerC.GraduationandB.EducationisStillD.Problemswithfeel strongly , although there are undoubtedly some problems with increased levels

40、of education, t the country can only progress if all its people are educated to um of Tony Huesman, a heart transplant recipient ( 接受者) who lived a record 31 years anhasdiedatage51ofleukemia白血病buthisheartstillgoingThe night is not what it was. Once, the Earth was lf in shadow. Then came fire, candle

41、, lightbulb,graduallydrawingbackthecurtainofdarkness.ButabrighterworldhasitsAnAmericancompanyhasstartedtestinganewprogramaimedatincreasing16.Thispassageismainlyabout A.theincreasingsecurityofU.S.B.thetestofanewsecurityC.anewcentralmonitoringD.lite2010GCT_cloze. Some people get discouraged at the dif

42、ficult times, but when I have a failure policyhasalwaysbeennottoworrybuttostartplanningthenextisalwaysA.tC.D.学习英语语法时的切入名动句英语中的独立主格、虚拟语气和倒装英语中的特殊句式、固定搭配HeSuggested(+【淡蓝冬日FettodoHesucceeded(in)passingtheNoonefailedto【淡蓝冬日FettodoHesucceeded(in)passingtheNoonefailedtopassthe词一、动一、助动词（一）基本助动词进行时；(be；用+It

43、is句式；There句式Itisofgreatimportanceforthereto【淡蓝冬日用完成时IhavebeeninBeijingfor 15 years.Ihavelostmy tthe dofthisterm,【淡蓝冬日用完成时IhavebeeninBeijingfor 15 years.Ihavelostmy tthe dofthisterm, willhaveIhad my carYouhadbetter(not)goby(3Do: （二）情态助动词 dAnntthemeatvebeenIcouldhavelentyoumoney.Whydidntyouask2012-10.

44、Beingelligentboy,suchafoolishA.veB.veC.veD.ve(2).shallShould+(not)have+done (3). will would;【淡蓝冬日to tI would rather you IasmallWould+have+omfortable2013-If Ihadnotbeenenjoying【淡蓝冬日to tI would rather you IasmallWould+have+omfortable2013-If Ihadnotbeenenjoyingthework,IsomuchofA.wouldnotB.wouldveC.shou

45、ldnotD.shouldve(4Mustnot) 不得haveto（外界）neednot) Must(表推断)+ :Hemustbe-Theyquarreledquiteoftenandwhenevertheyquarreledtheythrewplatesateach-TheyvebrokenalotofNeednt +have+done (本无必要-Shestoodinaqueueto-Butshe(5).ought;dare;used Ought to have donevestoodinaqueue.ShecouldhavegottheticketfromtheYououghttoh

46、avetoldUsedtotthetseatisIusedtosmokecigarettes;nowIsmokeaBeusedng(beaccustomed 【淡蓝冬日注意1wouldratherwouldsoonerwouldjustas soonhadbetterhadsooner; cannot but; may (just) as well.2情态动词在虚拟语气中的含【淡蓝冬日注意1wouldratherwouldsoonerwouldjustas soonhadbetterhadsooner; cannot but; may (just) as well.2情态动词在虚拟语气中的含义

47、及其用法。虚拟句中，情态动词的特征二、实意动词及物动词：transitive WereachedtherailwayionatItthecommitteewillconsiderourOursuggestionwillbeconsideredbythe不及物动词： ransitive We arrived at the railway sWearrived yesterday.Theagreementwasarrivedat动词的基本时态、语态一般现在时（主谓一致；现在进行时；现在完成时一般将来时；将来进行时；将来完成一般过去时；过去进行时；过去完成一般现在时的3个特殊用法：Wellclimb

48、themountainifitisfine2. 安排或计划好的动作（gocomeleavestart等Thetrainstartsattenhe3. Galileottheearthmovesroundthe一般过去时的一些特殊表达：Mr.HigginsusedtohaveabigheTheysaidtheywouldletusknowiftheyheardany现在完成时基本形式：Havehas【淡蓝冬日强调动作的完成与现在的关系、对现在产生的影响Ihave lostmy Ilostmykey Ive【淡蓝冬日强调动作的完成与现在的关系、对现在产生的影响Ihave lostmy Ilostm

49、ykey Ivebeentherequiteafewtimes. 动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在Theyvebeenhereagoodfewyearsnow. 过去完成时基本形式：Had+ 在过去的某个时间或动作之前业已完成的动作of从过去某点 k,wehadfinishedten开始到过去某点 B 一直持续的动作ItrainedyesterdayafterdbeendryforalongHetgreatchangeshadtakenince将来完成时+ BySeptemberofthisyear,IwillhavetaughtEnglishfor15过去将来完成时基本形式：Should/Wo

50、uld+ have+ He toldthewouldhavepaidmebackthemoneyof一般将来时与将来进行时：IwillbeseeinghimtomorrowandIlthissbeen现在完成进行时：Shehadbeentryingonandrejectingdresssinceeight【淡蓝冬日主动语态语基本形式：ToBedone （BeToget+Hegot he主动：Smell,taste,sound,prove,feel,write,read,wash,lock,TheflowerssmellThebooksells相关：【淡蓝冬日主动语态语基本形式：ToBedone

51、 （BeToget+Hegot he主动：Smell,taste,sound,prove,feel,write,read,wash,lock,TheflowerssmellThebooksells相关：2012-02.youaretostayatthewherefor A.havebeenB.areC.wouldbeD.werearty2010-09.ofthisterm,thethebasicrulesofA.willhaveB.willC.haveD.are 2009-04. Coffee has been a favorite drink for centuries, the time

52、when we were drinking strongandblack,withoutA.B.C.D.2007-08.Whenwearrivedattheairport,weweretoldourA.B.hadC.hasbeenD.hadbeen2006-02. Itcommonplacetothinkofsportasa“leisureindustry”A.B.eC.D.e2005-02.MoreinnanyothertimeoftheA.B.haveC.D.will2004-03.PeopledonotalwaysrecalleventsastheyA.areB.willC.D.woul

53、d非谓语动词基本形式：【淡蓝冬日I love red【淡蓝冬日I love redI lovetherose +you bought tI willnever on which=when et the IWhich 【淡蓝冬日I willnever et the in twe 【淡蓝冬日I willnever et the in twe livedIBe+ parents to the meeting will aInviting=who =【淡蓝冬日ToTo do（不定式【淡蓝冬日ToTo do（不定式）的时态和语态变主TobeToTohaveTohavebeen【淡蓝冬日 但是Wewere

54、to【淡蓝冬日 但是Weweretohaveng(havingdone;beingdiscussed；havingbeen特征：ShewalksTheybuilta翻译：“他们提议修建一座公园功能：非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。与谓语动词的对比：1非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有（1）TheybuiltaTheysuggestedbuildinga（2）都可以被状语修饰ThesuitfitshimveryThesuitusedtofithimvery（3）,“体”式（一般式；进行式；完成式）的变化。例如HewaspunishedbyhisHeavoidedbeingpu

55、nishedbyhisWehavewrittentheHavingwrittenthe（4）都可以有逻辑主ition,wehandeditTheystartedtheworkatsorderedthemtostartthe WeareLeagueWebeingLeaguemembers,theworkwaswell【淡蓝冬日2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有（1） 非谓语动词可以有名词作用（2） 非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（3） 非谓语动词可以有副【淡蓝冬日2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有（1） 非谓语动词可以有名词作用（2） 非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（3） 非谓语动词可以有副词作用（4）

56、 谓语动词在句中作谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制；非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，它不受主语的人称和数的限制（5）英语中非谓语动词不能单独做句子的谓语动名词ng)：充当名词、代词的作用，作句子的主语、宾语、表语，经常性的，概念性的分：充当形容词、副词的作用，作句子的定语、状语现在分词ng)为正在进行或主动的含义 boiling aAshe thewouldntbeabletobuyfoodonhisjourney,hetookswith转换成分词过去分词(done)已经完成（过去分词由不及物动词变化而来时）fallenleaves;aretiredminer;boiledwater,adevel

57、oped的含义stolenmoney,awrittenAshewasttheyweretryingtopoisonhim,herefusedtoeat转换成分词Havingbeenbittentwice,tmanrefusediverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog不定式：充当名词、代词、形容词、副词的作用，做除谓语之外的主语、宾语、表语、定语的，将要做的” 当非谓语动词的主语与句子主语不一致的时候1)Therobberwasbroughttothejudge,A.hishandswerefastB.hishandstobefastC.hishandshaving

58、beenfastD.hishandsfast,wedecidedtoleaveatonce,aswedidntwanttoriskmissingthelastA.Itwaspretty B.ItbeingprettyC.AsitbeingprettyD.Itwaspretty补充_特殊单词：（1）wishhopemanagedemand,promiserefuseplan,offerdecideagreeexpect（2） 有些动词后只跟动名词作它们的直接宾语，如：admit, te,avoid,consider, dislike,enjoy,excuse,finish,ive,imagine

59、,keep,mind,miss,practise,resist,risk,suggest,insiston,objectto,giveup,putoff（3）有些动词后既可以跟不定式又可以跟动名词，意义上无多大区别，如：love, like, hate, 【淡蓝冬日end,startcontinueIendtofinishfinishingthetaskthis regretstop,【淡蓝冬日end,startcontinueIendtofinishfinishingthetaskthis regretstop,tryet,remember,TheOh, Iheofficeisstillot

60、 A.turningit.turnitC.toturnitD.havingturneditYouwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsattheWell,nowIregret t.A.to IregrettedB.toC.tohaveD.havingvingwornathickerIfwedontdealwiththeproblemnow,welllivetoregretIregrettoinformtyourcontractwillnotbe非谓语动词的否定形在基础形式前面直接加否定词 TodonottoHedecidednottogovingng;havingvi