2021-2022学年湖南岳阳第一中学高考适应性考试英语试卷含解析

1、2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Julia has got a pretty _ dealshe was laid off just for being late once!Arough BtoughCillegal Dmean2You cant use the computer now, _ the upgrade

2、 of the system is under way.AuntilBunlessCasDafter3That children _meet with setbacks is a matter of necessity as they_, so parents dont worry about that.Ashall; grew upBmust； grew upCcan; grow upDwill; grow up4The boy stood his head down, listening to his mother scolding him for breaking the windows

3、.AforBofCwithDaround5Though the story of Li Yunlong in the TV drama “Bright Sword” is a fiction, much of _happened is historically true.AthatBwhatCwhichDit6Tom is proud and _, never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame.AstrictBstubbornCsympatheticDsensitive7We most pref

4、er to say yes to the _ of someone we know and like.AattemptsBrequestsCdoubtsDpromises8Its certainly hard work.But, a man who wishes to have a career has to make a great many sacrifices.Aon the contraryBin additionCon the other handDin that case9Experience is a hard teacher because she _ the test fir

5、st, the lesson afterwards.Agives Bhas given Cwas giving Dwould give10The prediction from Maya worries residents _ December 21, 2012 would be the end of the world.AifBthatCwhetherDwhich11The Palace of Versailles, Frances national treasure, has _ many changes in its century-long history while keeping

6、its beauty.Agone through Btaken onCled to Dshowed off12Youve agreed to go, so why arent you getting ready?But I _ that I was expected to set off at once.Adont realize Bdidnt realizeChavent realized Dhadnt realized13The young man, _ in heavy traffic on the way, got home an hour later than usual.Acatc

7、hingBcaught.Chaving caughtDto be caught14What do you think of your journey to Yunnan?Everything is very fantastic，especially its fresh air.It is pleasant _.Abreathed Bbeing breathedCto be breathed Dto breathe15I was on a business trip then, otherwise I _ to the hospital for tests.AwentBhad goneCwoul

8、d have goneDwould go16According to The Sun, British scientists have solved the ancient riddle of _ came firstchicken or egg?Awho BwhatCwhich Dthat17Dont be so discouraged. If you _such feelings, you will do better next time.Acarry on Bget back Cbreak down Dput away18_ at the differences between her

9、culture and theirs, Annie wanted to return home.AConfusing BConfusedCHaving confused DTo confuse19_ children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent.AIf BSince CUnless DThough20You should first explore your talents and get to know yourself so as to make a list of _ you t

10、hink your real interests lie.Athat BwhatCwhere Dhow第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） Two of the saddest words in the English language are “if only”. I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regret, lost opportunities, mistakes, and di

11、sappointment.My father is famous in our family for saying, “Take the extra minute to do it right.” I always try to live by the “extra minute” rule. When my children were young and likely to cause accidents, I always thought about what I could do to avoid an “if only” moment, whether it was something

12、 minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding (衬垫) onto the sharp corners of a glass coffee table.I dont only avoid those “if only” moments when it comes to safety. Its equally important to avoid “if

13、only” in our personal relationships. We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they hadforegonean opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you.” When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday, I told him that it was a holiday for my

14、 company and I wouldnt be here. But then I thought about the fact that hes 84 years old and I realized that I shouldnt give up an opportunity to see him. I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all.I know there will still be occasions when I have to say “if only” ab

15、out something, but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality. And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection, I know that Im doing

16、 the right thing. Im buying myself peace of mind and thats the best kind of insurance for my emotional well-being.1、Why does the writer regard “if only” as two of the saddest words in the English language?ABecause people use them when they feel sadBBecause they express regrets and disappointment in

17、lifeCBecause the remind the writer of some sad experiencesDBecause they mean sadness in the English language2、Whats the meaning of the underlined word “foregone” in Paragraph 3?Agiven upBcome acrossCgot throughDheld back3、The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to _.Asee a doctorBfinis

18、h her workCjoin a celebrationDaccompany her father4、What is the best title for the passage?AAdvice from My FatherBAvoidance of saying “If Only”CThe “Extra Minute” RuleDThe importance of Emotional Well-being22（8分）As PhD research goes, Brian Wisenden might be envied: watching baby fish swimming swiftl

19、y through the clear waters in the Costa Rican tropical dry forest. By recording their growth and numbers, he hoped to look at their risks of being eaten. Instead, he witnessed something strange. Many groups were increasing in numbers. In these groups, some were smaller than others, suggesting they w

20、erent siblings (兄弟姐妹). Wisenden had accidentally discovered that the fish, called convict cichlids, adopt each others babies. Why would they do that, he wondered?In the human world, we think of adoption as a selfless act. But in nature, its presence is puzzling. Taking on the burden of bringing up b

21、abies with no genetic link would seem to reduce an animals chance of survival or at least provide no gain. Yet, adoption is surprisingly common in the natural world.Take the eastern grey kangaroo. Between 2008 and 2013, Wisenden followed the fates of 326 baby kangaroos in the Wilsons Promontory Nati

22、onal Park in Victoria and recorded 11 cases of pouch (育儿袋) swapping. The circumstances behind some of these adoptions arent known, but four were straight swaps and another four occurred after a mother had lost her own baby. How come? Before independence, baby kangaroos go through a period inside and

23、 outside their mothers pouch. Following out-of-pouch attempts, mothers normally sniff their young before allowing them back in, but Wisendens team suspect that during an emergency they may omit the sniff test, allowing a weak baby to quickly climb in before fleeing from danger.Some of natures adopti

24、ons are, actually, driven by young. In burrower bugs (土蝽), for example, females lay a nest of eggs close to those of unrelated bugs. Mother bugs tend their developing eggs before they hatch, and then feed 出fir babies nuts from weedy mint plants. Finding nuts is a competitive business，so not every mo

25、ther bug gets her fair share. And if the delivery rate isnt up to standard, clever young may abandon their mothers to join a better-fed group.The consequences of adoption following mistaken identity can be horrible. The true babies of adopting mothers were abandoned. Bui it can have remarkable benef

26、its, not just for adoptees but also for adoptive parents.1、What can we learn about Wisendens research about baby fish?AIt was beyond his expectations.BIt put many rare species at risk.CIt showed a genetic similarity in fish.DIt found a new way to protect forests.2、What does the underlined word “omit

27、” mean in the passage?AConfirm. BRepeat.CAdopt. DSkip.3、Why would some burrower hugs abandon their mothers?ATo live in warmer nests. BTo reproduce.CTo seek for better parenting. DTo adapt to competition earlier.4、What may the author most probably talk about next?AThe causes of accidental adoption. B

28、The processes of accidental adoption.CThe drawbacks of accidental adoption. DThe advantages of accidental adoption.23（8分）Have you ever looked at a fashionable item of clothing and felt confused? If so, your confusion may have made sense.Several months ago, high fashion brand Balenciaga released a “T

29、-shirt shirt”, which is a shirt sewn on the front of a T-shirt. The unusual design has certainly confused a lot of people.But the “double shirt” isnt fighting alone on the frontier of strange fashion. Ever since US shoe manufacturer Crocs released its famous hole-filled foam shoes, the so-called “ug

30、ly fashion” hasnt showed any signs of slowing down, the Business of Fashion website noted.British designer Paul Surridge believes that the rise of ugly fashion is a sign that people are bored with looking perfect all the time. “Fashion thrives (v. 蓬勃发展) on novelty”, he told the Financial Times.Indee

31、d, fashion is all about changes. Something thats considered uncool one minute can then turn out to be the latest must-have fashion item the next.And in the eyes of US fashion writer Megan Collins, ugly doesnt necessarily mean the design of the item is ugly. After all, ugly is something subjective. “

32、Ugly fashion means not the mainstream it is not what everyones wearing; it is not what the general population considers as in right now,” she told style news site Fashionista.But throughout the history of fashion, when any new trend appears, most people tend to hate it, before it eventually becomes

33、loved. As Italian designer Miuccia Prada told The New York Times, “Maybe because it is newer, ugly is attractive. Ugly is exciting.”Meanwhile, popular social media fashion bloggers also help people to pick up new ugly fashion trends. These bloggers express themselves through their clothes, showing t

34、heir unique personalities and making statements with their wardrobe choices. However, as Clever-ish Magazine noted, just being comfortable in your own skin could actually be “the best look”.“I personally love having a unique expression because without ugly fashion and diversity, wed all look the sam

35、e,” Australian fashion influencer and model Zanita Whittington told Fashionista. “I appreciate anything thats out of the norm(n. 规范).”1、The underlined word “in” in the passage could be replaced by _.Augly BfashionableCaffordable Dexpensive2、What will some social media fashion bloggers do to show the

36、ir personalities?AThey will dress themselves to look perfect.BThey will try some new and exciting clothes.CThey will make statements with others clothes choices.DThey will express themselves by wearing ugly clothes.3、What can we infer from Zanita Whittingtons words?AShe is in favor of ugly fashion t

37、rends.BShe doesnt care about fashion at all.CShe hopes to be the same as others.DShe wants to look ugly as a model.24（8分） In the fight to conserve tropical rainforests, heres a tool you dont often hear about:orange peels. Specifically, 12,000 tons of them, dumped (倾倒) on the land. “You dont usually

38、associate waste treatment with biodiversity benefits, something thats good for the environment.Tim Treuer is an ecologist at Princeton University. and hes talking about a unique conservation story. It started in the early 1990s, when an orange juice producer cal led Del Oro set up a company near the

39、 Guanacaste Conservation Area in Costa Rica, a region that contains several national parks and a widlife protection zone.Del Oro needed somewhere to dump the orange peels, and the company also owned forested land next to the parkland that it had no intention of growing crops on. So a deal was struck

40、: if Del Oro donated its forested land, it could dump orange peel waste on degraded(退化的) land within the conservation area. Then a thousand dump trucks worth of orange peels were lying on the land in 1998. “And within about six months the orange peels had been turned from orange peels into this thic

41、k black rich soil.”“I couldnt even find the site the fist time I saw it.” He couldnt find it because, over 16 years, the orange peel waste had sent the land on a journey to become a vine-choked jungle, with three times the diversity of tree species of the neighboring control plot, richer soil and a

42、much thicker covering. In other words, the experiment was a success. The results appear in the journal Restoration Ecology.Treuer says perhaps this lesson could be applied elsewhere. “Its a shame that we live in a world with nutrient-limited degraded ecosystems and also nutrient-rich waste streams.

43、Wed like to see those things come together a little bit. Thats not license for any agricultural company to just start dumping their waste products on protected areas, but it does mean that land managers, people involved with industrial-scale agricultural operations should start thinking about ways t

44、o do thoughtful experimentation to see if in their particular system they can have similar win-win-win results.”1、What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AWaste treatment.BA conservation story.CAn orange juice company.DThe biodiversity benefit.2、What does the author say about oran

45、ge peels?AThey are particularly hard to break down.BThey can change the color of the land soil.CThey are beneficial to biological diversity.DThey can gradually destroy the surface soil.3、What do Treuers words in the last paragraph suggest?AWaste can be used for environmental protection.BNo waste can

46、 be thrown randomly on the protected areas.CLarge-scale agricultural operations start with experiments.DLand managers must be ready to take on their responsibility4、What might be the best title for the passage?AHow to Deal with Orange PeelsBHow to Improve the Degraded LandCA Fruitful Experiment in L

47、and ConservationDWays to Protect Tropical Forests Effectively25（10分）We humans spend about one-third of life asleep. Sleep helps us stay healthy, and it also helps our brain remember. Our brains need good sleep to remember what we do and learn during the other two thirds of our life when we are awake

48、. Besides keeping us healthy, some new research shows that a good nights sleep helps make us more intelligent.Researcher at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have found that sleep helps improve brain performance by shrinking synapses in the brain. A synapse is the area where cells pass messages to

49、 other cells.Cirelli is a leading scientist at the schools Center for Sleep and Consciousness. She found that sleep is when the human brain mixes information it has learned while awake into its general collection of knowledge. However, the brain forgets unimportant details. This forgetting is import

50、ant. It makes space for new learning and new memories.Cirelli said that the Centers research began with this hypothesis: We sleep so that our brain can repair and refresh itself. She said the idea seems simple and reasonable. However, testing and discovering how it works has been extremely difficult

51、. Cirelli and Center director Giulio Tononi have been trying to prove the connection between sleep and the brains synapses since 2003. Cirelli said the researchers knew that “stronger synapses are also bigger.” So, they began their study by “measuring the size of the synapses” in the brain.They also

52、 knew that during sleep, the brain checks on all its synapses and resets itself for the next day. The team wanted to see if the synapses of the brain are bigger after being awake all day and smaller after a good nights sleep. Synapses are only about 20-40 nanometers wide. So, the team looked for cha

53、nges in these already tiny spaces between nerve cells. The team had lo wail until improvements in laboratory technology made it possible to see these tiny changes.Cirelli says they found that synapse size and strength are upset by being awake and restored by sleeping. She says our synapses shrink as

54、 our brains clean themselves during sleep. We wake up refreshed and ready to fill those synapses with new information.1、Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?ASleep can only keep us healthy.BSleep can help our brain function better.CSleep can mix all the information.DSle

55、ep can take up two-thirds of our life.2、What does it refer to in Paragraph 4?AThe measuring the size of the synapses.BThe space for new learning and new memories.CThe way our brain can repair and refresh itself.DThe connection between sleep and the brains synapses.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅

56、读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）An eight years old child heard her parents talking about her little brother. All she knew was that he was very sick they had no money left. When she heard her daddy say to her 1 mother with whispered desperation（绝望）, “ 2 a miracle（奇迹）can save him now”

57、, the little girl went to her bedroom and took out her piggy bank. She 3 all the change out on the floor and counted it carefully. Then she 4 her way six blocks to the local drugstore（药店）.“And what do you want?” asked the chemist.Its 5 my little brother,”the girl answered back. “Hes really, really s

58、ick and I want to buy a 6 . His name is Andrew and he has something 7 growing inside his head and my daddy says only a miracle can save him.”“We dont 8 miracles here, child. Im sorry,” the chemist said, smiling 9 at the little girl. In the shop was a 10 customer. He stooped (弯腰) down and asked the l

59、ittle girl, “What kind of miracle does your brother 11 ?”“I dont know,” she replied. “Hes really sick and mommy says he needs a(n) 12 . But my daddy cant pay for it, so I have brought my 13 .”“How much do you have?” asked the man.“One dollar and eleven cents, 14 I can try and get some more,” she ans

60、wered quietly.“Well, what a coincidence（巧合）,” smiled the man. “A dollar and eleven cents the 15 price of a miracle for little brothers. 16 me to where you live. I want to see your brother and 17 your parents.”That well dressed man was Dr Carlton Armstrong, a surgeon. The operation in the hospital wa