2022年人教版中考英语总复习 第一部分教材知识梳理 八年级(下)Units 1-2

1、八年级（下）Units 1-2教材词汇分层训练干重点单词背记.matter几问题;事情.neck九颈;脖子.fever .发烧.rest v.& .放松林息.cough .& u咳嗽6,X-ray n.X 射线;X 光.headache .头痛;令人头痛的事.passenger .乘客;旅客9.off adv.& ps.离开（某处）;不工作;从去掉.trouble九问题;苦恼.knee .膝;膝盖.risk .& y.危险;风险;冒险.situation几情况;状况14.blood .血15.control n.& u限制;约束;管理16.spirit .勇气;意志.nurse .护士.sig

2、n .标志;信号.notice .通知;通告;注意 乜注意到;意识到.several几个;数个;一些.journey九（尤指长途）旅行;行程.raise 乂募集;征集;上升;举起.repair 乂修理;修补.fix y修理;安装.wheel几车轮;轮子1etter .信;函.Miss .女士;小姐.deaf a力聋的.door .门.carry u 拿;提;扛.clever。的.聪明的;聪颖的32.interest .兴趣;关注 乂使感兴趣;使关注33.sir .先生争重点单词拓展l.fbot .脚:足feci （复数形式）tomach .胃:腹部一stomachache .胃痛;腹痛e “躺

3、:平躺:处于t |八（过去式）t lain （过去分词）lying （现在分词）.brcak .间歇;休息y打破:违反- broken a力.破损的:残缺的.hurt ”使）疼痛:受伤一hurt （过去式/过去分词）.hit 6用手或器具）击:打- hit （过去式/过去分词）- hitting （现在分词）7.sick ad/.生病的:有病的一sickness九疾病.rock .岩石:摇滚乐tocky。力.岩石的;多岩石的.knife .刀一 knives （复数形式）.mean乜意思是:打算:意欲-meant （过去式/过去分词）meaning .意思:意义.cheer u欢呼;喝彩.欢呼

4、声:喝彩声一 cheerfilla力.欢乐的:高兴的.lonely必：孤独的;寂寞的t alone adv.独自;单独13.strong。的.强烈的;强壮的t strength几力气;力量14.satisfaction .满足;满意t satisfy u使满足:使满意satisfied adj.满足的;满意的15.blind力.瞎的:失明的一blindness .失明:盲目imagine ”想象:设想t imagination .想象力open u开;打开。力.开着的一 opening .开幕式:落成典礼.train乜训练;培训火车t training九训练:培训.understand m理解

5、;领会一understood （过去式/过去分词）t understanding adj.善解人意的;体谅人的.change e&九变化;改变changeable 4力.可变的:易变的争重点短语积累.have a cold 感冒.have a stomachache 胃痛.lie down 躺下.take ones temperature 量体温.have a fever 发烧.take breaks/take a break 休息.get off 下车.to ones surprise使惊讶的是;出乎的意料.right away立即;马上.get into陷入;参与1 l.be intere

6、sted in 对感兴趣.be used to习惯于;适应于.usedto曾经;过去.take risks/take a risk 冒险.run out （of）用尽;耗尽.cut 06 切除.get out of离开;从出来.make a decision 做决定.be in control of 掌管;管理.give up 放弃.clean up打扫（或清除）干净.cheer up （使）变得更高兴;振奋起来.give out分发;散发.come up with想出;提出（主意、计划、回答等）.put off 推迟.hand out 分发.call up打电话给（某人工征召.care fo

7、r照顾;非常喜欢.try out参加选拔;试用.fix up修理;装饰.give away赠送;捐赠.take after （外貌或行为）像.set up建起;设立34.make a difference 影响;有作用举核心词汇语境练根据首字母及汉语提示补全单词.Youre not alone （独自一人的）.We are always here with you.As the saying goes, Blood （血）is thicker than water.”.The man was bomdeaf （聋的）and he cant hear anything.On weekends,!

8、 usuallylie （躺）down in bed and do nothing.After two hours meeting,they have a short rest （休息）.Uncle Lee9s job is to train （训练）dogs at the police station.The young wear those strange clothes just to get themselves noticed （注意至U）.A11 of my family think Danny is aclever （聪明的）dog.熟词生义l.lie熟义”躺;平躺;处于，保持（

9、某种状态）生义:y.位于;在于;说谎.谎言（1 ）The real trouble lies in his lack of working experience.（B ）（2）1 could tell from her face that she was lying to me.（ C ）（3）The Arabian Desert lies between the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf.（2021 ,天津）（A ）A.位于B.在于C.说谎D.躺 2.rest熟义.放松;休息生义:.剩余部分;其余（的人或物） (l)My smart phone took a

10、fall to the floor and I could see only one-tenth of my screen while the rest was black.( B )(2)A11 the doctors were very tired,but none of them had a rest.(A )A.休息B.剩余部分C.u放松3.hit熟义:“用手或器具)击;打生义:.成功;很受欢迎的人(或事物)y.碰撞;撞击;击中;使突然想起(1 )The old lady posted some videos about cooking on Douyin,which became a

11、 hit on the Internet.( A )(2)It finally hit me:She was gone forever.(2020-山东青岛)( B )(3)The bus hit the bridge and fell into the river.( C )A.受欢迎的事物B.使突然想起C.碰撞D.击中4.mean熟义:y.意思是;打算;意欲生义:吝啬的;刻薄的也产生结果;意味着“They mean much more,“ his father said.(2021 安徽)(A )(2)John is mean and only thinks about himself a

12、nd doesnt treat others nicely.(2021 ,湖 4匕武汉)(C )A.意味着B.打算C.吝啬的D.意欲5.sign熟义:.标志;信号生义”签字;签署;签约.迹象;标牌;指示牌(l)We should make a sign about not throwing rubbish into the sea,and put it in the sand on the beach.(2021 ,浙 江杭州)(C )(2)1 want to check with my secretary before I sign the papers.( B )(3)The rain s

13、howed no signs of stopping D )A.信号B.签署C.指示牌 D.迹象6.raise熟义a募集;征集;筹集生义”举起;增加;提高;饲养;养育;提及;提出(1 )Betty started to raise money for her study abroad.( A ) (2)When Peters family were having dinner,Father raised an interesting question.( B )A.筹集B.提出C.提高D.养育 7.change熟义:v.& .变化;改变生义:.零钱(l)Great changes have t

14、aken place in towns that we have lived in for centuries,while completely new cities arebeingbuilt.(2018安徽)(B )(2)Once you break the habit,your values will 比2跑.(2021 ,湖南长沙)(A )(3)You give me $100 and the shirt is $55.Heres your change/C )A.v.改变B.变化C.零钱名师考点精讲考点Ilie的用法 【教材原句】I think you should lie down

15、 and rest.我认为你应该躺下来休息。(P2)意为“（人或动物）艄平卧”,常与表示 场所的短语连用作不及物动词_作不及物动词一与表示方位的短语连用意为“说谎“，常见用法：lie to sb = tdl J sb a lie.意为,时某人说谎”拓展延伸(1)辨析 lie 和 layo拓展延伸词汇词义过去式过去分词现在分词躺;位于laylainlyinglie说谎，撒谎liedliedlyinglay放置;下蛋laidlaidlaying（2） 口诀记忆。规则的说谎（规则动词lieliedlied）,不规则的躺（不规则动词lielaylain）,躺过就下蛋（躺”的过去式是“下蛋”的原形），下

16、蛋说付钱（lay,say,pay的过去式和过去分词变化规律相同）。活学活用.My grandma is pleased to keep a hen because it an egg every day.A.fixes B.lays C.breaks D.repairs【解析】考杳动词。句意:我的祖母很高兴养了一只母鸡，因为它每天都下一个蛋。lay“下蛋”，符合语境。【答案】B.Jim is an honest boy.He never tells and you can trust him.A.words B.liesC.truth D.stories【解析】考查名词。句意:吉姆是个诚实的男

17、孩。他从不说谎，你可以相信他。lie“谎言”，符合语境。【答案】B考点2trouble的用法【教材原句】Its sad that many people dont want to help others because they dont want any trouble,“ says onepassenger.一位乘客说:“令人悲伤的是,很多人不想帮助他人，因为他们不想惹麻烦。” （P3）意为”问题:苦恼;困境”-have trouble (in) doing sth/做某事有困港-be in trouble 身处困境”作名词)be out of troubie “摆脱困境”-get int

18、o trouble 陷入困境”-have trouble with “在某方面有麻烦难”作动词意为”（使）烦恼;麻烦；劳心”等troubled） do stfv、费心做某事”作动词-trouble sb. with sth. “麻烦某人某事例如：Dont trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.麻烦不找你，就不要找麻烦。活学活用（2021 四川泸州）A group of elephants in Yunnan Province have trouble a proper living place.Weshould help them.A.find

19、B.found C.to find D.finding【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:一群大象在云南省寻找一个合适的栖息地时遇到了困难。我们应该帮助它们。have trouble （in） doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难为【答案】D考点3hit的用法【教材原句】Bus No.26 hit an old man on Zhonghua Road.26 路公交车在中华路上撞到 了一位老人。（P3）意为“击;打”常见用法:hitsb.on/i身体部1位+with处”用某物打某人身体某部位”意为“使（身体部位）碰上（某物）”常见用法： hit+身体部位+on/毛ainst处.“身体某

20、部位碰 到或撞到某物上”意为“使突然想起“常用句型：It hit sb. that.“某人突然想起ZB识到0意为“（风暴,疾病等）袭击;危害;产生不良影响，作名词卜意为“击;打;击中：受欢迎的人或事物”妙辨异同到卒析 beat,knock 和 hit（l）beat强调连续或反复地打或拍，因此像心脏跳动、打鼓、打拍子等之类具有连续性或反复性的动作, 一般要用bcato此外，它还有“殴打;打败”之意。妙辨异同(2)knock意为“敲;打;撞击“，一般指敲打并伴有响声，常与at/on连用。(3)hit意为“打中;对准打”，表示有意或无意地打或撞等，往往含有重重一击或用力敲打之意。活学活用.Mary

21、was so angry with her brother that she hit himthe head with a book.A.inB.on C.to D.by【解析】考查介词。句意:玛丽对弟弟很生气，所以用书打门也的头。“hitsb.in/on+身体部位”为固定搭配, 意为“打某人身体某部位表示“打某人的头”应用介词on。【答案】B. All of a sudden it Peter that he had forgotten his friends birthday.A.knocked B.happenedC.beat D.hit【解析】考杳动词。句意:彼得突然意识到他忘了他朋友

22、的生日。“It hit sb.+that从句”表示“某人突然想起/意识到”,符合语境。【答案】D 考点4mean的用法 【教材原句】This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of.它的意思是“处于一个你似乎无法摆脱的困境之中(P6)(means作名词.意为方法;手段”，mean doi ng sth.意为“意味 着做某事二主语通常是事物(means作名词.意为方法;手段”，mean doi ng sth.意为“意味 着做某事二主语通常是事物meaning作名词，意为”意、思含义mean t

23、o do sth.意为“计划 打 算做某事”，主语通常是人meanmeaningful作形容词.意为、 :有意义的:意味深长的”,后接名词或副词.意为,表 :示;打算;存心”后接that从句,意为“意 味着拓展延伸mean除了可以作动词外，还可以作形容词，意为“吝啬的;刻薄的”。例如: He is very mean and never helps others.他很刻薄，从不帮助别人。活学活用.-Jenny looks so sad.Whats wrong?-We had a fight just now,but I didnt mean her.A.to hurt B.hurt C.hur

24、tingD.hurts【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:珍妮看上去很伤心,发生了什么?一我们刚刚打了一架，但是我不 是故意伤害她的。mean to do sth.“故意做某事”，符合语境。【答案】A.一It is really a waste of time to play computer games.一Exactly!As a student,we have more things to do.A.careful B.successfulC.meaningful D.peaceful【解析】考查形容词。句意:玩电脑游戏真是浪费时间。说得对!作为名学生,我们有更有意 义的事要做。根据前者的话可知

25、，玩电脑游戏浪费时间,因此我们要做有意义的事。meaningful ”有意义的二 符合语境。【答案】C考点5give up的用法【教材原句】Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.阿伦在刃5次事故之后没 有放弃，现在仍继续爬山。(P7)give up是动副短语，意为“放弃;戒除二其后可接名词、代词、动名词作宾语，若后接人称代词作宾语, 代词应位于0丫9租UR之间。例如：Once you get into the habit of smokin&yoWH find it hard

26、to give it up.一旦养成了抽烟的习惯,你会发 现很难戒掉它。You mustnt give up studying foreign languages fbr even a day.你们学习外语一天也不要中断。拓展延伸give短语小结give out分发澈发give away赠送;捐赠;泄露give in屈服;让步give back (归)还;回报;使恢复活学活用（2021 湖南益阳改编）My father always tells me never to when I am in trouble.A.give upB.put onC.help outD.throw away【解析

27、】考杳动词短语。句意:我父亲总是告诉我,遇到困难时永远不要放弃。give up“放弃”，符合语境。 put on“穿上”;help out”帮助摆脱困境”;throw away”扔掉;抛弃【答案】A考点6raise和rise的用法【教材原句】For example,we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. 例如,我们可以安排探望医院里生病的孩子或者为那些无家可归的人筹钱。（P12）the sun rises raise ones hand太阳升起举手H

28、e raised a hand in greeting.他举起手打招呼。They did many things to raise the living standard.他们做了很多事情来提高生活水平。The old woman raises 20 chickens for eggs.这位老妇人饲养了 20 只鸡来下蛋。2.rise意为“升起；增加;提高“，为不及物动词，后面不能直接接宾语;rise也可以用作名词，意为“增加;提高“。 例如：Smoke was rising from the chimney.烟从烟囱里往上升。The sun rises from the east.太阳从东边

29、升起。There has been a sharp rise in the number of people out of work.失业人数急剧增加。活学活用.As soon as books ,the volunteers posted them to the students in Hope Primary School.A.are raised B.were raisedC.raised D.have raised【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意:书一筹集好,志愿者就把它们寄给希望小学的学生了。由主句的 时态可知,从句用一般过去时;又因book和raise之间是被动关系,所以此处应用

30、般过去时的被动语态。【答案】B.一The price of vegetables so quickly these days.一I cant agree more.A.affbrdsB.risesC.pays D.raises【解析】考查动词。句意:蔬菜的价格最近上涨得太快了。我非常赞同。根据语境可知,此处指 蔬菜价格上涨，应用不及物动词rise。【答案】B 考点7 imagine的用法【教材原句】Or imagine you cant walk or use your hands easily.或者想象一下你不能走路或者轻松用手的样子。(P14)1.imagine作动词，意为“想象;设想常见

31、用法:imagine doing sth.“想象做某事:imagine sb.to be.“想象某人是人是”:imagine+that从句想象例如:She imagined walking into the office and handing in her resignation.她想象着自己走进办公室，递上辞呈。2.1 imagine表示“我认为，后跟that引导的宾语从句时，若从句为否定,通常将其否定转移到主句上。此外 在简略说法中，可用so或not代替that从句。例如：Will he come?他会来吗？ I imagine so.我想会来。活学活用.When I was a chi

32、ld, I always imagined myself a reporter in the future.A.to beingB.to beC.bcD.been【解析】考杳非谓语动词。句意:当我还是个孩子的时候，我总是想象自己将来会成为一名记者。imagine sb.to be为固定搭配，意为“想象某人是【答案】B.We depend on the Internet so much now and its hard to imagine a life without it.A.live B.lived C.to live D.living【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们现在如此依赖互联网，

33、很难想象没有互联网的生活。imagine doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“想象做某事【答案】D重点句型考点 8Whafs the matter?怎么了？I have a cold.我感冒了。( Pl)l.Whafs the matter?”可用于询问对方有什么问题或不顺心的事，也可询问某物出了什么故障，后面可接 with sb./sth”表示“某人/某物怎么了”。(Whats wrong with 史分m/hats up with sb.? (Whats wrong with 史分m/hats up with sb.? -点多子(what the problem with sb.?卜Wh

34、at happened to sb.?)-(Whats the matter with sb.?) 他Vhats the trouble with sb.力2.“have+a/an+表示病的名词”，意为“得病”。She had a fever and a headache last week.上周她发烧且头痛。活学活用.Hi,Mike.?Its Coco,my dog.Its leg is hurt.A.How are youB.Whats the matterC.Are you OKD.Whos speaking【解析】考查交际用语。句意:嗨，迈克。怎么了?是我的狗狗，可可。它的腿受伤了。根据语境 可知，前者是问迈克出什么事。【答案】B.You dont look