c3翻译的基本技巧4课件

1、第三章 翻译的基本技巧Translation Techniques 第四部分Part FourProcedures of today:ConversionDivision Exercises in classAssignments of today Conversion 句子成分的转译主语的转译：在英语句子中，能够作主语的可以是单词、词组、短语或从句，其位置一般都在谓语的前面。在译成汉语时，一般情况下可以保留主语在句中的位置。The most frightening thing of all was that no sound could be heard in the cave. 最可怕的事

2、情是在那个山洞里什么东西都听不到。主语转译为定语、宾语、状语、谓语He has a different opinion from others.他的观点与众不同。Nowadays, a typical radio transmitter has a power of 100 kilowatts so that it can broadcast information over a large area of influence. 如今，一台常见的无线电发射机的功率已达到100千瓦，因此它的播送范围很大。Thorp was almost unanimously chosen the greate

3、st athlete of modern times.人们几乎一致地推选索普为现代最伟大的运动员。As the match burns, heat and light are given off.火柴燃烧时发出光和热。Waiting for Mr. Ambassador to see me for such a long time made me very unhappy last Friday.上个星期五，我因长久地等候大使先生接见我而感到非常不快。His weariness and the increasing heat determined him to sit down in the

4、first convenient shade. 他疲惫不堪，天气也越来越热。于是，他决心只要一碰到舒适的阴凉处，就坐下来休息。In recent years increasing attention had been paid to the economic benefit in the production of our factory. 近年来，我厂越来越注重经济效益。宾语转译为主语、谓语Take it easy. A cup of hot coffee will make you feel better.放松点，你喝些热咖啡就会感觉好些的。Light beams can carry mo

5、re information than radio signals because light has a much higher frequency than radio waves.光束运载的信息比无线电运载的信息多，因为光波的频率比无线电波高。Atoms differ in their atomic weights.各种原子的原子量是各不相同的。The secretary cast impatient glances at the young man, turned away without answering his questions. 秘书不耐烦地看了看这个年轻人，转过头去，没有理

6、睬他的问题。定语转译为谓语、状语、表语There is a large amount of energy wasted due to friction. 由于摩擦而损耗了大量的能量。We should have a firm grasp of the fundamentals of computer science.我们应该牢固掌握计算机科学的基本知识。The earth was formed from the same kind of materials that makes up the sun. 构成地球的物质与构成太阳的物质是相同的。 Division: 分译法就是在翻译的时候将英语中

7、的长句化整为零，在原句的关系代词、关系副词、主谓连接处、并列或转折连接处、后续成分与主题的连接处，按意群将句子切分开，译成汉语分句或独立句。汉语句子结构通常比较松散，但汉语句子非常注重语义的连贯性，所呈现出的汉语叙事特点是平铺直叙，起、承、转、合一般都是隐含在字里行间的，比较注重逻辑上的关系，如时间先后关系、前因后果关系等。Some more examples: His appointment to the position is still in doubt. 能否任命他担任这项职务，还有待于进一步的决定。The statement declared that the internation

8、al economic order must be changed or the gap between developed and developing countries would continue to widen. 声明宣称国际经济秩序必须改变，否则发达国家与发展中国家之间的差距将继续扩大。But another conflict on the borders clearly would put strains on neighborly relations between the two countries. 但是，如果在边界再次发生冲突，显然会使这两个国家的和睦关系处于紧张状态。

9、Achieving these will depend, in very large measure, upon the mobilization and education of the entire population, in particular, on improving the education of girls and women who are, at once, the most educationally deprived part of the population and that with the greatest unexploited potential and

10、 talent. 要达到这些目的，在很大程度上要依赖于动员和教育全体人民，尤其是要依赖于改善对女童和妇女的教育。在全部人口中，她们既是教育权利上被剥夺最深的一部分，又是具有最大的尚未发掘的潜力和才能的一部分。Human beings have distinguished themselves from other animals, and in doing so endured their survival, by the ability to observe and understand their environment and then either to adapt to that e

11、nvironment or to control and adapt it to their own needs. 人类把自己和其它动物区别开来。与此同时，人类还具有观察和了解周围环境的能力。他们要么适应环境，要么控制环境，或根据自身的需要改造环境。人类就这样一代代的生存下来。一定要言行一致，理论与实践相结合，反对华而不实和任何虚夸，少说空话，多做工作，扎扎实实，埋头苦干。Deed and word must match and theory and practice must be closely integrated. We must reject flashiness without s

12、ubstance and every sort of boasting. There must be less empty talk and more hard work. We must be steadfast and dedicated. 拿我们这些人来说，很多人每年都有一些进步。Take those of us present here for example. Many of us make some progress each year.Exercises in class:Without air, the earth would undergo extreme changes i

13、n temperature.Much progress has been made in computer science in the last 20 years.Bad weather prevented us from going camping last weekend.In every corner of the campus, talk of Chinas entering WTO is in the air.Before graduation we should make full use of the time left to arm ourselves with more k

14、nowledge. An automobile must have a brake with high efficiency.Keys to the exercises:没有空气，地球的温度会发生极大的变化。计算机科学在近20年内取得了很大的进步。上周末因天气不好，我们没去野营。在校园里学生们广泛地谈论着中国加入世贸组织的问题。在毕业前，我们应当充分利用剩下的时间，用更多的知识来武装自己。汽车的刹车必须高度有效。Exercises in class: High-tech products of various types also can be manufactured in our coun

15、try.Colleges and universities across the nation have decided to do more than talk about the rise in student cheating. In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks in this week, let us recognize at the outset these points: we have at times in the past been enemies. We have grea

16、t differences today. What brings us together is that we have common interests which transcend these differences. 但他性情不同，既不求官爵，又不交朋友，终日闭门读书。这种床垫工艺先进、结构新颖、造型美观、款式多样、舒适大方、携带方便。Keys to the exercises:我国也能制造各种类型的高科技产品。除了谈论学生作弊现象的上升外，全国各地的大学生已决定采取实际行动。我希望我们在本周的会谈将会是坦率的。让我们本着坦率的精神从一开始就承认这样几点：过去的一些时期内我们曾经是敌人，今天我们有着巨大的分歧。我们之所以走到一起，是由于我们有着超越这些分歧的共同利益。He was, however, eccentric. He did not look fo