新人教版八年级英语下册第一单元知识点

1、Unit1Whatsthematter?一咨询某人患了何种疾病或碰到什么麻烦时，常用以下句型：1.Whatsthematter（withsb）?2.Whatsthetrouble/problem（withsb）?3.Whatswrong（withsb）?你怎么了？4.Whatsonestrouble/problem？5.Whatsup?6.Whathappenedtosb?7.AreyouOK?8.Isthereanythingwrongwithsb?二表达身体不适或痛苦时，常用以下构造：1.Sb+have/has+a/an+疾病名称：haveacold/fever/cough/tempera

2、ture2.Sb+have/hasasore+身体部位：haveasorethroat/back3.Sb+have/has+a+身体部位achehaveatoothache/headache/stomachache/earache/backache4.Sb+hurt(s)+身体部位/oneself;Hehurthisleg.或身体部位+hurts;Myheadhurtsbadly.5.Thereissomethingwrongwithones+身体部位。6.Sb+have/hasapaininones+身体部位三神态动词should/shouldt的用法：意为应当，应当见或建后接动词原形，无人

3、称和数的变化。往常表示提出意议，或义务和责任，还可表示命令责怪或要求等语气;1.Youshouldliedownandrest.2.Youshouldteatsomuchnexttime.3.WhatshouldIdo?4.ShouldIputsomemedicineonit？-Yes,youshould./No,youshouldt.SectionA1.soreadj.痛苦的可作定语或表语Shehasasorethroat/back.Mylegisverysore.2.backn.后边，反面Hesatatthebackoftheclassroom.adv.回（原处）comeback3.lie

4、躺，卧-lay.lain.lyingliedown躺下说谎-lied.lied.lyingYouarelyingtome.n.谎话谎话tellalie/lieslay.-laid.laid.laying产卵下蛋搁置4.rest歇息v./n.Youshouldrestforafewdays.getsomerest=have(take)arest/abreak/breaks歇息一下5.toonessurprise使某人惊讶的是常作插入语，位于句首Tohissurprise,shefailedtheexam.insurprise惊讶地surprising-物Whatsurprisingnews!Su

5、rprised-人besurprisedtodo/besurprisedatsth/besurprisedthat?6.muchtoo+形容词，太.，toomany+可数名词复数，太多?toomuch+不行数名词，太多?也可做副词talktoomuch7.enough形容、副词,足够的/地，(1)enough+名词;enoughwater(2)形副+enough;goodenough8.soundlike+名词代词和从句：听起来像Itsoundslikeyoudontknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.Sound(look/feel/taste/smell)+

6、形容词听起来.eg.Themusicsoundsnice.9.need(1).需要，实义动词人作主语need+sth，需要某物；need(sb)todosth.需要做某事，(2).物作主语；sthneedsdoing/tobedone;Theroomneedscleaning/tobecleaned.(3)神态动词,多用于否认句或疑问句NeedIstayhere?-Yes,youmust./No,youneedt.10.agree赞成，赞成-disagree(反义词)agreewithsb.赞成某人agreetodo.赞成做某事11.rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意为立刻

7、。12.advice(不行数)建议,建议apieceofadvice一条建议givesb.adviceonsth./takeonesadviceadvise动词advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事advisedoingsth.建议做某事13.hurt及物动词，使?痛苦，?受伤，Hehurthisleg.Hehurtherfeelings.不及物动词，?（部位）疼。Hisleghurtbadly.14.hit-hit（过去式）（用手或用具）打；击打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打

8、较硬的部位；heface/eye/stomach打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。当名词用时；gethitonthehead头部遇到撞击15.seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事Isawaboyplayingfootballnearmyhome.Seesbdosth看见某人做某事（重申全过程）Wesawhimcrosstheroad.16.shouttosb向某人喊话shoutatsb冲某人叫唤（贬义）shoutforhelp高声呼救17.expectsbtodosth期望某人去做某事。18.thinkabout（+doing）考虑thinkof想起，以为thinkove

9、r认真考虑thinkup想出19.falldown（+from）摔倒，摔倒fallbehind落伍，跟不上fallinto落入?fallasleep入眠Fallinlovewith爱上?falloff?从?跌落下来20.反身代词myself./yourself/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves作同位语；Didyoumakethecakeyourself?做表语Imnotmyselftoday.enjoyoneselfhelponeselfto?byoneselfhurt/cutoneselfteachoneself=l

10、earnsthbyoneself21.trouble(不行数)；烦恼，问题beintrouble处于窘境getintotrouble堕入窘境maketrouble制造麻烦havetrouble/difficulties/problems(in)doingsth做.有麻烦做某事有困难22.put?onsth在某物上放?putsomemedicineonthecut(伤口)putabandageonit在它上边放绷带23.inthesameway以相同的方式onthewayto在去?的路上intheway挡路outoftheway不再碍事bytheway趁便说一下inthisway用这类方法ina

11、way在某种程度上24.getanX-ray拍X光片takeonestemperature量体温hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的热茶seeadentist看牙医gotoadoctor=gotoseeadoctor=gotothedoctors看医生getoff下车-geton上车allweekend整个周末awayfrom远离fortoolong太长时间onthesideoftheroad在马路边withoutthinkingtwice没多想getsunburned被晒伤haveaheartproblem居心脏病feelveryhot感觉很热thanksto多亏,因为（=becauseo

12、f=withthehelpof）haveanosebleed流鼻血cuthisknee割伤他的膝盖putherheadback把她的头向后仰savealife拯救生命intime实时ontime准时dotherightthing做正确的事gomountainclimbing去登山SectionB1.sickadj.患病的，有病的。作表语和定语。ill只好作表语be/feelsick=beill恶心的Ifeelalittlesick.厌烦的besickofImsickofrunning.2.beusedtosth./doingsth.习惯于?适应做某事?(be=get=become)Heisus

13、edtogettingupearly.beusedtodosth=beusedforsth/doing被用于做某事Woodisusedtomakehouses.Usedtodosth过去常做某事Heusedtogotoworkbybus.3.takearisk=takerisks冒险theriskofsth/doing?的风险atrisk在危险中risktodosth.冒险去做某事4.inaverydangeroussituation在一种特别危险的状况下5.sth.runout某物用完，用尽Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethi

14、ngtosavehisownlife.sb.runoutofsth.人用尽了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.6blood血，不行数。adropofblood一滴血-bloody有血的，出血的getoutof走开，从?出来7.mean-meant动词意思是meandoingsth意味着做某事打算meantodosthImeantogotomorrow.meaning名词，含义意思。mean形容词：吝啬的，吝啬的Whatdoyoumeanbytheword?=Whatdoesthewordmean?=Whatisthemeaningoftheword?8.the

15、importanceof(doing)sth做某事的重要性Doyouunderstandtheimportanceofstudyinghard?important-unimportant(不)重要的9.free形容词：安闲的freetime；免费的Thedrinkisforfree；自由的Iwanttobecomeafreebird.free【动词】使?解脱，获得自由：Hecouldnotfreehisarm.10.makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth=makeuponesmingtodosth=determinetodosth下信心做某事11.beincon

16、trolof?掌管，管理Theheadmasterisincontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol没法控制，没法管理undercontrol在控制之下12.death名词（不）-die动词-dead形容词-dying形容词：弥留的，临终的Heisafraidofdeath.Shediedtwoyearsago.Thedogisdead.Itisadyingbird.13.giveup(doing)sth.放弃（做）某事，giveup(playing)computergames/Nevergiveupeasily.14.sothat以便，为的是（当主句与从句主语一致是=inorderto=soasto）Heworkedhardsothathecouldsucceed.=?inorderto/soasto?.15.beinterestedin=takeaninterestin对?感兴趣16.keepondoingst