2021-2022学年河南省洛阳市元上中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析

1、2021-2022学年河南省洛阳市元上中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、 选择题1. _ is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift. A. Which B. What C. That D. It 参考答案：B 2. The old farmer had his leg _ but he had his tractors _ day and night.A. hurting; working B. hurting; worked C. hurt; wo

2、rking D. hurt; worked参考答案：C3. - Have you brought the photo of your family? - Yes,I _it the whole morning. A. would look for B.looked for C. have been looking for D.had looked for参考答案：B4. A total of 35 Chinese universities rank among the worlds 500 best in a ranking _ by Chinas Shanghai Jiao Tong Uni

3、versity on Monday. A. releasing B. to release C. release D. released参考答案：D5. .Hell his nervousness once hes on stage.A . get away B. get off C. get through D. get over参考答案：D略6. -Look! The telephone is broken. Someone damaged it _ purpose. -That may be right. But perhaps it was broken _ accident. A.

4、on; by B. by; by C. on; on D. by; on参考答案：A7. why dont we choose that road to save time ? -The bridge to it _.A. has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. will be repaired参考答案：C8. He said it was this classroom _ he found his lost watch and _ he would take good care of it from then on.A. whe

5、re; / B. when; what C. that; what D. where; that参考答案：D9. Repairs of historic buildings have to be _ the original structure.A. in sympathy with B. in search ofC. in response to D. in contrast to参考答案：10. When asked if he was disappointed with his failure _ the gold medal，the athlete responded just wit

6、h a smile.A. to win B. winning C. won D. to be won参考答案：A略11. The zoologist hid himself among the bushes, _ he could watch how the lions lived on the grassland.A. where B. which C. from where D. from which参考答案：C12. The couple overjoyed _ words on hearing their son survive the airplane crash by a mira

7、cle.Aof Bin Cbeyond Dabove参考答案：C考查介词。beyond words表示“在言语之外”，即不能用言语来表达，也就是“无法形容”了。句意：当听到他们的儿子竟然奇迹般地在空难中幸存下来时，这对夫妇高兴得无法用语言来形容。13. He didnt make_clear when and where the meeting would be held.A. this B.that C.it D.these参考答案：C14. My grandmother had_ over 50, 000 when she was sixty- five years old.A. put

8、away B. put back C. put outD. put down. 参考答案：A43. Educators claim that children _ to English-speaking environment will learn the language more quickly. A. being exposed B. to be exposed C. having exposed D. exposed参考答案：D略16. He thought mattered most in improving your spoken English was enough confid

9、ence and practice.Awhy Bwhat Cwhich DThat参考答案：B二、 填空17. Children have excellent memories. This is 61 it is important to think before you speak and not make promises you dont have any 62 (intend)of keeping.Children dont forget the things you promise 63 (they). Parents who dont keep their word will 64

10、 (eventual)lose the respect of their children. We set a good example by our actions, and when you make promises but break them, you are not only losing your childrens respect, but you are 65 giving them a bad example.When you make little promises to your children and you keep them, you are teaching

11、them 66 trust you. Every time you break a promise you 67 (disappoint) your child and making him and her feel that they are not important to you.Keeping your promises teaches your children that you are 68 (rely) and that they can count on you. 69 your children can trust you with the little things in

12、life, they will finally trust you with the big ones. When you promise something and you cant follow through with it, sit down with your child and explain why. Make sure your child 70 (understand) that you are aware you are breaking a promise.参考答案：61.why 62.intention 63.them64.eventually65.also66.to

13、67.are disappointing68.reliable 69.if 70.understands试题分析：通过本文考查学生正确运用英语单词的能力。67.are disappointing 句意：每次你违反诺言，你都会让孩子很失望，并且让他/她感觉他/她们对你不重要。这里根据下文and making可知这里用are disappointing。68.reliable句意:信守诺言会告诉你的孩子你很可靠，他们可以依靠你。故用reliable。69.if句意:如果你的孩子在生活中的小事中信任你，他们最终会在大事上信任你。根据句意可知用if。70.understands 句意:确保你的孩子理解

14、你意识到你失信了。这里主语your child，故动词用understands。【名师点睛】not onlybut also的用法该表达的意思是“不但而且”，注意以下用法：主要用于连接两个对等的成分；若连接两个成分作主语，其后谓语动词与靠近的主语保持一致。如：She likes not only music but also sport. 她不但喜欢音乐而且喜欢运动。The place was not only cold, but also damp. 那个地方不但很冷而且很潮湿。We go there not only in winter, but also in summer. 我们不仅冬

15、天去那儿，而且夏天也去。Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film. 不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片，他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片。not onlybut also中的also通常可以省略，或换成too, as well（要置于句末）。如：He not only washed the car, but polished it too as well. 他不仅冲洗汽车，而且还擦拭了它。有时甚至连 but also 一并省略掉。如：Justice must not only be done; it must be se

16、en to be done. 正义不但必须伸张，而且要让人看到正义得到了伸张。She not only entered the competitionshe actually won it! 她不但参加了竞赛而且居然获胜了！为了强调，可将not only置于句首，此时其后的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式。如：Not only has she been late three times, she has also done no work. 她不仅仅迟到了3次，她还没干一点活。Not only do they need clothing, but they are also short of wat

17、er. 他们不但需要衣服，而且还缺水18. The Internet recently raised its eyebrows after Chinese state media claimed that online shopping, high-speed rail, bike sharing and electronic payment systems are Chinas “four new great inventions.”Last week, Xinhua News Agency said he country deserved credit for the discoverie

18、s, 61 (compare) them to the inventions of ancient China: compass, gunpowder, paper, and printing.According to SCMP, the so-called “four new great inventions” were based 62 last years research conducted by the Silk Road Research Institute. In a survey, Chinas foreign students from 20 countries near t

19、he “Belt and Road Initiative” 63 (ask) to pick Chinas “four new inventions” that they wanted their home countries 64 (use).Xinhuas article notes that “Among 65 four, online shopping was invented and pioneered by Michael Aldrich in the U. K in 1979, while the Japanese operated the first modern high-s

20、peed rail in 1964. 66 it is Chinese people that bring the inventions to the worlds top level with 67 (they) intelligence and creativity.”Despite the origins, in recent years, a number of Chinas technological 68 (advance) have been making their moves in the world. Among them, four stand out with a re

21、putation of Chinas “four great new inventions” in modern times, 69 have made the daily life of the public more 70 (convenience).参考答案：61. comparing 62. on 63. were asked 64. to use 65. the66. But 67. their 68. advances 69. which 70. convenient三、 阅读理解19. Trees, some of the tallest in the world, towere

22、d above Hannah Griffiths and her colleagues each morning as they walked deep into the rainforest in the Maliau Basin in Borneo, where they had set up a set of experiments to look at the ecological effects of small creatures: termites (白蚁).Termites get a bum rap. They make headlines for chewing up bi

23、llions of dollars of property each year in the U. S. And they are responsible for something like two percent of global carbon emissions, simply as a result of their huge populations and preference for chewing through carbonrich materials. A whole industry is aiming at killing them.But they play a ke

24、y role in many natural ecosystems. Scientists have known for years that in tropical (热带的) forests, termites chew up fallen leaves and dead wood, keeping the fallen material under control and letting nutrients from the dead material back into the system to be used by other plants, insects, and animal

25、s. But they didnt know exactly how important the insects were in keeping the forest healthy and functional, so they removed termites from a particular spot in the forest and saw how it responded.As luck would have it, Hannah Griffiths and her colleagues started their experiment when the forest was h

26、it by an extreme drought (干旱). During the non-drought years, they saw there wasnt much difference between the normal plots and the ones where theyd removed the termites. But during the drought, the effects were marked. What they found was unexpected: in the termite-rich areas, the soil stayed slight

27、ly wet, more tree seedlings sprouted (抽芽), and the system was full of activity despite the long, hard dry spell.For Griffiths, it was only because they happened to study the drought that they could pick out the real importance of termites to the system, she points out. “And that rings alarm bells in

28、 my head,” she says, “because it makes me think, well what else dont we know? If we start damaging biological communities, we dont know what that will do.”28. Which of the following best explains “a bum rap” underlined in Paragraph 2?A. Unfair blame.B. Wide popularity.C. Public attention.D. Special

29、preference.29. What have scientists learned about termites?A. They do serious harm to tropical rainforests.B. They contribute a lot to the ecosystem they live in.C. They act as food for other plants, insects and animals.D. They speed up the loss of nutrition in the rainforest.30. What can we infer f

30、rom the finding of Griffiths experiment?A. Termites help rainforests survive climate change.B. Termites prefer drought years to non-drought ones.C. Termites benefit more from the forest during the drought.D. Termites enjoy eating tree seedlings during the drought.31. What does Griffiths tell us in t

31、he last paragraph?A. Termites are now in danger of extinction.B. Termites damage biological communities.C. We should think twice before damaging a species.D. We should study the drought to improve the system.参考答案：28. A 29. B 30. A 31. C【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了白蚁在自然界的生态系统中发挥着关键作用。【28题详解】词义猜测题。由第二段“They make

32、 headlines for chewing up billions of dollars of property each year in the U. S. And they are responsible for something like two percent of global carbon emissions, simply as a result of their huge populations and preference for chewing through carbonrich materials.”他们因为每年在美国吞噬数十亿美元的财产而成为头条新闻，他们对全球大

33、约百分之二的碳排放负有责任，这仅仅是因为他们人口众多，而且喜欢咀嚼富含碳的材料。所以以上都在说明白蚁受到了不公正的责备。所以A选项“不公正的职责”能最好地解释第2段中划线的“a bum rap”的意思。故A选项正确。【29题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“Scientists have known for years that in tropical (热带的) forests, termites chew up fallen leaves and dead wood, keeping the fallen material under control and letting nutrients

34、from the dead material back into the system to be used by other plants, insects, and animals”可知，多年以来，科学家们已经知道，在热带雨林中，白蚁会啃食落叶和枯木，控制掉落的物质，并让枯木中的营养物质重新回到生态系统中，供其他植物、昆虫和动物食用。所以关于白蚁，科学家们了解到它们为它们所生活的生态系统做出了很大的贡献。故B选项正确。【30题详解】推理判断题。由第四段“But during the drought, the effects were marked. What they found was unexpected: in the termite-rich areas, the soil stayed slightly wet, more tree seedlings sprouted (抽芽), and the system was full of activity despite the long, hard d