2022届山东省肥城市高考适应性训练英语试题(一)

1、2022年高考适应性训练英语试题（一）注意事项：.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡 上。写在本试卷上无效。.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANational Ice Cream Month is approaching! This, of course

2、, means a feast of ice cream. Here are fun facts about ice cream to keep you entertained.The history of ice creamChina is believed to be the one that invented the device that produces ice cream at around 200 BC.In the I6th century, the Mughal emperors used horsemen to get ice to produce fruit ice cr

3、eams served on their table.In the mid-18th century, ice cream became less expensive, making it a common sweet in shops and peoples daily lives.In 1888, the ice cream cone （锥形蛋卷筒）was first mentioned and the eatable cone eventually became popular in the US during the 1904 Worlds Fair.The flavor may re

4、flect ones personality!Most people think their ice cream choice is a function of their taste preferences. However, it may reflect an individuaPs personality. Vanilla icc cream fans arc real risk-takers, while those who love chocolate tend to be lively. Strawberry ice cream fans are usually devoted a

5、nd not outgoing. the twenty-seven pairs of eyes on me and all I wanted to do was to run back to my seat. A spelling bee would be even worse. I wouldnt have a paper to read from!After lunch on Thursday, Mrs Casazza explained the rules. U4Say the word, spell it, and then say it again,v she said. Be ca

6、refill not to repeat any letters. One at a time, she pronounced a word for each student to spell. Two boys made mistakes right away and had to sit down. With sweaty hands, 1 waited for my turn. After the girl next to me correctly spelled her word, Mrs Casazza called my name and said “Your word is ec

7、ho. “Echo,“ I started. Then my mind went blank. Everyone was looking at me, waiting for me to speak out the first letter. But I couldnt think. My face got hot and I was unable to finish the word. Mrs Casazza had to let me sit down. Afterwards, Mrs Casazza said it worked so well that she decided to h

8、ave a spelling bee every Thursday.Afraid that Id mess up again, I didnt want to go to school the following Thursday. Whats wrong? my mother asked. 1 told her about the spelling bee and explained that I was nervous when they were all looking at me. Youre a good speller and you do so well in your test

9、s, so just believe in yourself,“ Mum said.注意：.续写词数应为150左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。The encouragement from Mum gave me much confidence in myself.uVery good,“ Mrs Casazza said with a cheerful smile on her face.2022年高考适应性训练英语试题（一）参考答案及评分标准第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）13 CBC 47 BDCA 811 DCBA1215

10、 ACBD第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）1620 ECFGB第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）2125 CABDB 2630 ADBCA 3135 DABCD第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）36. it37. popularity38. growing39. to plant40. so/and41. to42. suitable43. where44. are exposed45. have equipped第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）评分原则：.本题总分为15分，按三个档次给分。.

11、评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量确 定或调整档次，最后给分。.评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。.拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇 用法均可接受。.词数少于70,从总分中减去2分。各档次的给分范围和要求：第三档（H15分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。内容完整，条理清楚；交际得体，表达时充分考虑到了交际的需求；体现出较强的语言运用能力。英语试题（一）答案第11页（共4页） 完全达到了预期的写作目的。第二档（610分）基本完成了试题规定的任务。内容、条理和交际等方面基本符合要求；

12、所用语法和词汇满足了任务的要求；语法和用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。第一档（15分）未恰当完成试题规定的任务。内容不完整；所用词汇有限，语法或用词方面的错误影响了对所写内容的理解。 未能清楚地传达信息。0分未能传达任何信息；写的内容与要求无关。第二节（满分25分）One possible version:Paragraph 1：The encouragement from Mum gave me much confidence in myself. Soon the spelling bee was coming again and my word was“pie

13、ce. “Piece,“ I started. P. The strange feeling that everyone was staring at me began to appear again, but I remembered what Mum had said.Taking a deep breath, I had a big smile on my face. My mind cleared and I concentrated. Now did the word start with P-I or P-E? I knew this. Wed learned that there

14、 is a “pie” inpiece. “I-E-C-E,“ I said. “ Piece.”Paragraph 2：“ Very good, Mrs Casazza said with a cheerful smile on her face. I did it once, so I knew I could do it again. Throughout the year, I even won a few spelling bees. It worked so well that I had so much fun from the spelling bee and looked f

15、orward to it every Thursday. Thanks to my mother, I wasnt afraid of standing in the front of the class. Now, I have more confidence in myself at school jumping at the chance to give speeches and book reports.评分原则:英语试题（一）答案第12页（共4页）.本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量， 确定或调整档次，最后给

16、分。.所续写短文的词数应为150左右（词数少于130的，从总分中减去2分）。.阅卷评分时，主要从以下四个方面考虑：（1）与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度；（2）内容的丰富性；（3）应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性；（4）故事发展的合理性和上下文的连贯性。.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。 英、美拼写和词汇用法均可。.如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。各档次的给分范围和要求：第五档（2125分）与所给短文融洽度高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接合理；内容丰富，应用了 5个以上短文中标出的关键词语；所使用语法结构和词汇丰富、准确，可能有些许错误

17、，但完全不影响意义表达；有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑。第四档（16-20分）与所给短文融洽度较高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接较为合理；内容比较丰富，应用了 5个以上短文中标出的关键词语；所使用语法结构和词汇较为丰富、准确，可能有些许错误，但完全不影响意义表达；比较有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑。第三档（H15分）与所给短文关系较为密切，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接；写出了若干有关内容，应用了 4个以上短文中标出的关键词语；应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求，虽有一些错误，但完全不影响意义表达；第二档（6/0分）与所给短文关系较为密切，与所提供各

18、段落开头语有一定程度的衔接；写出了一些有关内容，应用了 3个以上短文中标出的关键词语；语法结构单调、词汇项目有限，有些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，影响了意义的表达；较少使用语句间的连接成分，全文内容缺少连贯性。英语试题（一）答案第13页（共4页）第一档（15分）与所给短文和开头语的衔接较差；产出内容太少，很少使用短文中标出的关键词语；语法结构单调、词汇项目很有限，有较多语法结构和词汇方面的错误，严重影响了意义的 表达；缺乏语句间的连接成分，全文内容不连贯。0分白卷，内容太少，无法评判。所写内容与所提供内容无关。英语试题（一）答案第14页（共4页）英语试题（一）答案第15页（共4页） Love c

19、offee ice cream? Then you must be precise careful and a perfectionist!The worlds largest ice creamIn 2014, Kemps, a Minnesota-based company, marked its 100th anniversary by showing the worlds largest ice cream at the annual Strawberry Festival in Wisconsin. The 5-foot, 6-inch-tall, and 6-foot, 2-inc

20、h-wide frozen masterpiece was made using 733 containers of strawberry ice cream. After being confirmed to be a Guinness World Record, the history-making sweet treat was distributed to some lucky attendees.When did ice cream become easily available to ordinary people?A.In the late 16th century.B. In

21、the late 19th century.C. In the middle of the 18th century.D. In the early 21st century.Who will most probably choose strawberry ice cream?A. A young explorer.B. A shy girl.C. An energetic man.D. A careful employee.Which of the following best describes the worlds largest ice cream?It contained vario

22、us flavors.It aimed to break a record.It was created for a celebration.It was awarded to attendees.BI cannot remember a point in my life when I desired anything other than becoming a teacher. At the beginning of my senior year in high school, I began applying to the University of Connecticut. But wh

23、at I didnt realize was how expensive my dream was. I came from a middle-class family, and it seemed as though wed always struggled to make ends meet.I wasnt the smartest person in my class, not even close; but my heart was in the right place, and I was determined. I applied for every scholarship I c

24、ould get my hands on. What did I have to lose? And then my guidance counselor told me about the financial aid system. I applied, but I didnt think I would qualify for that eilher.After the holidays, my friends started receiving their acceptance letters from colleges, and I eagerly anticipated mine.

25、Finally, a letter arrived from the University of Connecticut. Feelings of fear and joy overwhelmed me when I opened the envelope with trembling hands. I had done it! I cried for a while, feeling both extremely excited and afraid. I had been working a full-time job, but that was barely enough to pay

26、for tuition, and it was impossible for my parents to finance my education.Months went by before a letter from the financial aid office arrived. I opened it eagerly, but it was only a letter requesting more information to process my application. This happened over and over, and my hopes kept getting

27、shot down. Finally, a bulky envelope arrived, the one that would determine whether 1 could attend college. Not only was financial aid going to help me out with my expenses, but also I won two of the scholarships I had applied for! I had actually made my dream come true.I am now a junior at the Unive

28、rsity of Connecticut, pursuing a degree in English.What was the authors main trouble in realizing her dream?She lacked determination.Her family was short of money.She didnt know which university to apply to.Her parents disapproved of her attending university.How did the author get money for her tuit

29、ion fees?By taking up part-time jobs.By receiving her parents support.By turning to her guidance counselor for help.By applying for scholarships and financial aid .Why did the financial aid office send the author the first letter?To test her determination.To inform her of their refusal.To ask for su

30、pplemental information.To check the process of her application.What does the author want to convey by sharing her story?A. Never say never.B. More haste, less speed.C. Aiming higher, achieving more.D. Pride hurts, modesty benefits.CTo most people, giraffes are merely adorable, long-necked animals th

31、at rank near the top of a zoo visit. But to cardiovascular （心血管的）scientists, theres even more to love. Giraffes, as it turns out, have solved a problem that kills millions of people every year: high blood pressure.Giraffes have sky-high blood pressure because of their sky-high heads that, in adults,

32、 rise about six meters above the ground-a long, long way for their hearts to pump blood upwards against gravity. To have a blood pressure of 110/70 in the brain-normal for a large animal-giraffes need a blood pressure of about 220/180 in the heart. It doesnt vex the giraffes, but pressure like that

33、would cause all sorts of problems for people, from heart failure to kidney failure to abnormal ankles and legs.When biologist Barbara Natterson-Horowitz examined giraffes5 hearts, she found that their left ventricles （心室）did get thicker, but without fibrosis （纤维化），which is a health problem associate

34、d with heart disease and would occur in people. She also found that giraffes have variants of five genes related to fibrosis. In keeping with the findings, other researchers who examined giraffe genes found several giraffe-specific gene variants related to cardiovascular development and steady blood

35、 pressure. And in 2021, another research group reported giraffe-specific variants of genes involved in fibrosis.And the giraffe has another trick to avoid heart failure: The ventricular filling period of the heartbeat is extended, Natterson-Horowitz found. This allows the heart to pump more blood wi

36、th each beat, allowing giraffes to run hard despite their thicker heart muscle.Natterson-Horowitz is now turning her attention to another problem giraffes seem to have solved: high blood pressure during pregnancy. For people, this can lead to severe illnesses. Yet giraffes seem to do just well. Natt

37、erson-Horowitz and her team are hoping to find out if they have unique adaptations that allow this.What does the underlined word “vex in paragraph 2 mean?A. Frighten.B. Interest.C. Warn.D. Disturb.Why can giraffes resist fibrosis?They have high blood pressure.They have slower heartbeats.They have sp

38、ecific gene variants.They have thicker left ventricles.What will Natterson-Horowitz and her team focus on in the future?What causes giraftes, gene variants.What makes pregnant giraffes well.Why pregnant women suffer from illnesses.Why giraffes have unique adaptations.Which is the best title for the

39、text?Cardiovascular Secrets of GiraffesStudies on Heart Fibrosis of GiraffesHealth Effects of Girafles, Long NecksReasons fbr Mans High Blood PressureDHuman beings curiosity about outer space hasnt declined in the past decade, and with Jeff Bezos historic commercial flight to the edge of space this

40、past summer, dreamers are that much closer to experiencing the Galaxy for themselves.Ifs reported that one company is aiming to make space a reality fbr people, and is pioneering a new age of space tourism. In 2019, the California-based company Gateway Foundation first explored the idea. Its dream w

41、as to make visiting space, in excellent accommodation, a future vacation choice. The project, now called Vbyager Station, is run by Orbital Assembly Corporation, a construction company led by head of the Gateway Foundation and former pilot, John Bl incow.Space tourism draws closer as Orbital Assembl

42、y Corporation has announced plans to build the worlds first space hotel named “Vbyager Station，which is expected to open in 2027. With a date in close sight, the hotePs architects and engineers are hard at work, aiming to design an out-of-this-world experience. They plan to decorate the suites with

43、elegant bars and restaurants with a touch of space, as well as Earlh-viewing lounges and unique space (bod treats. The team is also taking advantage of the reduced gravity that will be felt in the station to plan to let their guests weightlessly carry heavy objects, jump higher or run faster in ways

44、 people cant normally do on Earth.Gravity will remain in the rooms and bars though because Vbyager Station scientific design makes it possible by creating artificial gravity within the hotel. The hotel is designed as a wheel that will steadily move and create simulated gravitational force, much like

45、 when a glass of water is spun around, the water doesnt pour out. The hotefs guests wont feel much different than being on a huge ship steadily moving.What do we know about the Gateway Foundation?It aimed to build a space hotel.It made space a reality fbr people.It promoted space tourism greatly.It

46、planned a historic commercial flight.What will the Vbyager Station team use the reduced gravity to do?Provide unique space food.Let guests do space sports.Offer recreational activities.Decorate suites more easily.Why does gravity exist in the rooms and bars?To prevent liquid from pouring.To make gue

47、sts feel comfortable.To avoid guests travel sickness.To keep things in normal positions.Whats the text mainly about?Time for Space Travel.Space tourism gaining popularity.First-ever commercial flight to space.First space hotel set to open in 2027.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选

48、项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。When we eat some popular kinds of shellfish, we leave behind large amounts of shells. However, these shells are no longer thrown into waste containers. 16In the U.S., shells cast aside in restaurants and other businesses are being collected, cleaned and thrown back into waterways. 17

49、One of the latest projects on oysters （牡蛎）takes place in Atlantic City, New Jersey. The shells were put into the states Mullica River and help form new or expanded oyster groups. Free-floating baby oysters connect to the shells and grow on them.18 It has also helped eateries save money on dealing wi

50、th their shells, according to Scott Stueber, a fisheries biologist with the Department of Environmental Protection.19 In nature, oysters are cleaners. One adult oyster can remove pollutants from about 190 liters of water a day. So oysters can improve water quality. Oyster groups also are being plant

51、ed along some coastlines to strengthen shores. Besides, oyster reefs can protect shorelines. Such reefs can also be homes for sea creatures and provide food fbr humans.Communities, environmental groups and governments around the world have had oyster reefs recycled and replanted in recent years. 20

52、For example, each year in Maryland, about 7() cubic meters of recycled shells are turned into oyster groups. Since 2009, the Harte Research Institute at Texas A&M University has collected about 800,000 kilograms of shells and rebuilt about 1 ()(),()()() square meters of oyster reefs.And most of them

53、 end up in waterways.Its happening in many states of the United States.The shells form a new living place for sea creatures.The Mullica River is actually home to some of the oysters.Several projects now aim to put them back into waterways.The project has kept about 60,000 kilograms of shells out of

54、landfills.Despite the economic benefits, the main goal is to improve the environment.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选 项。As a young boy, I loved being active. All 1 really wanted to do was 21 my football shoes and play out with my friends. As Ive got old

55、er, my love for physical activity hasnt declined. This is why I was so 22 to be involved in the Creating Active Schools framework.In the early stages of my time at Peel Park Primary, my two main 23 were to reform the PE course and to increase our participation in competitive sports. We achieved thes

56、e 24 in a short time.Just as ril never love art, many of our 25 will never love football or tennis. Thats why26 a way to move, which works for each child, is vital. What we can do is get opportunities for every child to love being physically 27 .We therefore 28 our own school Bike Library. We have a

57、lready received many rental29 . We also thought about how to arrange the school day, allowing all children to 3() our equipment freely and easily. Besides, we also have a PA lesson which has a total 31 choice for the children. They can 32on the trees, go on the bikes and play games with theirfriends

58、. This change from thinking has33 participation in the traditional PE“ from pupils,who typically didnt love sports. A win, win!Now Im looking forward to our next 34 on this journey to improving pupils, lives.The 35 of this project as it expands, is huge.21.A. put awayB. take outC. put onD. try on22.

59、A. eagerB. disappointedC. politeD.annoyed23.A. hobbiesB. aimsC. talesD. difficulties24.A. slowlyB. partlyC. carefullyD. successfully25.A. colleaguesB. pupilsC. leadersD. friends26.A. findingB. approvingC. discussingD. reusing27.A. matureB. attractiveC. powerfulD. active28.A. helpedB. openedC. praise

60、dD.reached29.A. postersB. signalsC. requestsD.books3().A. accessB. repairC. buyD. study31.A. easyB. obviousC. wiseD. free32.A. swingB. sleepC. chatD.read33.A. stoppedB. improvedC.reducedD. affected34.A. skillB. dreamC. stepD. challenge35.A. puzzleB. goalC. honorD. potential第二节(共1()小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅