class18一组u7unit7第二段人类的本性是不会也不能改变

1、1.The basic nature of human beings does not and cannot change .人类的本性是不会也不能改变的。2.It is only the surface that is capable of alternation, improvement and refinement; we can alter only peoples customs,manners,dress and habits.只有表面的特征才能变化、改进、完善；我们能够改变的只有人们的习俗、举止、穿着和习惯。3. A study of history reveals that t

2、he people who walked this earth in antiquity were moved by the same fundamental forces, were swayed by the same passions, and had the same aspirations as the men and the women of today .一项历史研究表明，曾经行走在地球上的古人们和今天的男男女女们一样，受着同样的基本力量的驱使，被同样的激情影响，而且有着同样的抱负。4.The pursuit of happiness still engrosses mankin

3、d the world over .追求幸福仍然是一件全世界的人类都愿全身心投入的事情。3. A study of history reveals that the people who walked this earth in antiquity were moved by the same fundamental forces, were swayed by the same passions, and had the same aspirations as the men and the women of today .(1)reveal:显示;表明;透露(To reveal somet

4、hing means to make people aware of it.)揭露;展示;使显露(If you reveal something that has been out of sight, you uncover it so that people can see it.) eg:She has refused to reveal the where abouts of her daughter. 她不肯透露她女儿的行踪。 demonstrate :证明;论证;表明;说明(To demonstrate a fact means to make it clear to people)

5、 eg:The study also demonstrated a direct link between obesity and mortality. 该研究还表明了肥胖症和死亡率之间存在直接的联系。show:显示;表明;证明(If something shows that a state of affairs exists, it gives information that proves it or makes it clear to people.) eg:Research shows that a high-fibre diet may protect you from bowel

6、cancer. 研究表明高纤维饮食可预防肠癌。indicate:表明;说明(If one thing indicates another, the first thing shows that the second is true or exists) eg:A survey of retired people has indicated that most are independent and enjoying life. 对退休人员的调查表明，大部分人都自食其力,享受生活。(2)walk this earth : on the earth / exist(3)in antiquity:

7、in ancient (time)(4)fundamental:基本的;根本的;主要的;基础的(You use fundamental to describe things, activities, and principles that are very important or essential. They affect the basic nature of other things or are the most important element upon which other things depend)eg:Our constitution embodies all the

8、fundamental principles of democracy.我们的宪法体现了民主的所有基本原则。 根本性的;固有的;根深蒂固的(You use fundamental to describe something which exists at a deep and basic level, and is therefore likely to continue.) eg:But on this question, the two leaders have very fundamental differences. 但在这个问题上，两位领导人有着根本性的分歧。 basic/eleme

9、ntary/essential basic：基本的(You use basic to describe things, activities, and principles that are very important or necessary, and on which others depend) elementary:简单的;基本的(Something that is elementary is very simple and basic)essential(5)sway:影响;左右(If you are swayed by someone or something, you are

10、influenced by them.)eg:Dont ever be swayed by fashion. 永远不要受潮流的影响。 influence/affect/impactinfluence:影响;左右;支配(If you influence someone, you use your power to make them agree with you or do what you want)eg：He is trying to improperly influence a witness. 他在试图误导证人。affect:影响;使改变(If something affects a p

11、erson or thing, it influences them or causes them to change in some way)eg:Nicotine adversely affects the functioning of the heart and arteries. 尼古丁会对心脏及动脉功能造成损害。 impact:影响;作用(The impact that something has on a situation, process, or person is a sudden and powerful effect that it has on them.)eg:The

12、y say they expect the meeting to have a marked impact on the future of the country. 他们称他们预期会议对国家的未来会产生显著影响。(6)passion:fervor/enthusiasm/spark(7)aspiration：ambitionpara:A study of history shows that the people who have been on the earth in ancient were moved by the same basic forces, were affected by the same fervour, and had the same ambitions as the men and women of today.The pursuit of happiness still engrosses mankind the world over.(1)pursuit:追求，争取 strive for /run aft