历年高考语法填空真题汇编(解析版)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业专心-专注-专业精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业历年高考语法填空真题汇编（解析版）2018年全国一卷1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You dont have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You ma

2、y drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 201

3、4 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise . its probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) you

4、r leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and its always 69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.答案与解析61. longer 根据空白处之后的than可知，此处用long的比较级。62. to

5、see 根据句意“要见到效果，你不必快跑或长时间地跑”, to see作目的状语。63. dying 介词后应用die的动名词形式dying。64. is 本文讲述跑步的好处，用的是现在时态，再根据空白处前面的cant make和says可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，因此用is。65. than 这里是将跑步和其他运动方式作对比，再由上文的more effective可知，此处用than。66. that / which 此处用that / which引导定语从句修饰先行词study。67. causes 根据句意“每天仅仅跑5-10分钟就能降低所有因素导致的心脏病和早逝的风险”以及all可知，

6、cause用复数形式。68. strengthen 此处表明做运动的目的，再根据后面的宾语your leg muscles判断此处应用及物动词strengthen。69. energetic 本句为主系表结构，故此处应该用形容词作表语。70. it / running give it / sth a try是固定短语，意为“尝试某事物”。2018年全国二卷1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61 (

7、grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corns rise: The gove

8、rnment encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World B

9、ank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 milli

10、on tons. That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. Chinas approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the banks Juergen Voegele.答案与解析61. has grown 由Since 2011“自2011年以来

11、”可知此处语境表示的是从过去的某个时间开始，一直持续到现在，故用现在完成时，且主语the country 是单数名词。62. the 此处特指过去的25年。63. actually 应用副词作状语修饰介词短语behind the change。64. to improve 根据语境“改善水质”是“政府鼓励农民种玉米而不种水稻”的目的，动词不定式作目的状语。65. than less是little的比较级，than引出比较对象。66. pollution 此处作decrease的宾语，应填名词pollution。67. global 此处和total一起修饰名词短语fertilizer cons

12、umption意为“全世界的化肥总消耗量”。68. started 根据上下文可知作者在说2005年发生的事情，应用动词的一般过去式。69. that / which 根据语境“ gives s specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers”修饰 “a soil-testing program”，先行词表示物，关系代词作定语从句的主语，用that或者which。70. feeding when / while + 现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于when / while 引导的时间状语从句。2018年全国三卷1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当

13、的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Im not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. Im walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby

14、 scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel 65 (challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. Im a

15、66 (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to a

16、 gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: “Im king of this forest, and here is your reminder!” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.答案与解析61. which【名词性从句 / 连接词】根据下文的“me or the female gorilla”可知，此处给出两个选择，句意为：我不确定哪一个感到更害怕。

17、故填连接代词which。62. the【冠词（定冠词）】at the top of ones lungs是固定短语，意为“用尽量大的声音”，因此填定冠词the。 63. loudest【副词（最高级）】由空格后的“of all”可知，雄性大猩猩喊叫声最大。因此填最高级形式loudest。 64. looking【非谓语动词（动名词）】avoid后接动名词作宾语。avoid doing sth意为“避免做某事”。 65. challenged【非谓语动词（过去分词）】主语he与challenge（对挑战）为被动关系，故用过去分词表被动。66. scientist【构词法】 此处介绍“我”的身份是

18、一位科学家。因此应填scientist。 67. for【介词】 此处意为“我当时正在搜寻西部低地的这三只大猩猩”。search for 意为“搜寻”。 68. them【代词（人称代词）】人称代词作宾语时，要用其宾格。them在此作find的宾语。 69. meant【谓语动词（时态）】全文是在叙述过去的情况，因此谓语动词用一般过去时。 70. to stay【非谓语动词（动词不定式）】allow sb to do sth是固定结构，意为“允许某人做某事”，因此应填to stay。1 （2017全国）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1863 the f

19、irst underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _61_(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and _62_ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included di

20、gging up the road, _63_(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over_64_ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines _65_(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been_66_(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the rai

21、lway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using_67_ every day. Later, engineers _68_(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the _69_ (introduce) of ele

22、ctric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most _70_(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.2. （2017全国）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。3 （2016全国卷）阅读下面材料，

23、在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify（识别）those of 61_ _ (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of 62 _ (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tom

24、orrow 63 _ (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So get an early start and try to be as productive 65_ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accompli

25、shed.Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67 _ (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely 69_

26、(bring) your work home. It could be anything, gardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it is, 70_ (make )sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.4（2016全国卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。In much of Asia, especially the

27、 so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 41 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 42

28、 (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43_ (create)special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 _ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time, 45 the popu

29、lation grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual)turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47_-lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 48

30、_ (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49_ (be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 50_ their hands.5（2015全国）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相

31、应位置。Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly when I_61_(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didnt care. A few hours_62_, Id been at home in Hong Kong, with _63_ (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking

32、the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64_are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65_(painting). Instead, Id headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, its only an hour away_66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo_67_(be) really b

33、eautiful. A study of travelers_68_(conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it _69_(regular) arranges qui

34、ck getaways here for people_70_(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.6 2015全国卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 61 _（build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 _ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, wha

35、t makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63_ (able) to “air condition” a house without 64 ( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65 _( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls hav

36、e given up their heat and are now cold enough 66 _ (cool) the house during the hot day; 67 _ the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 68 _ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside tem

37、peratures. As 69 _ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70 _ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.7（2014全国卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969,the pollution was terrible alon

38、g the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It _61_（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it _62_(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of _63_most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasnt changed in a few day

39、s _64_even a few months. It took years of work_65_(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is_66_(clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit _67_is driving your family crazy. P

40、ossibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately? While there are _68_(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the_69_(change) are gradual and requir

41、e a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 _ (patience) （2014全国）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _41_ (be) late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _42_ some of them looked very anx

42、ious and _43_(disappoint) . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next _44_ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike _45_ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver

43、, but he refused _46_(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept _47_(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“_48_

44、anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It s _49_ (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers 50 _(sudden) became friendly to one another

45、.9 2014年广东卷 第二节 语法填空（共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1625的相应位置上。Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said 16 _ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned

46、for months. When the day came, we were ready.After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months_17_ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 18_(tell)that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, 19_ for the week after. I didnt un

47、derstand 20_ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 21_ the reservation. Whats worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 22_(surprise)helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23_ top

48、floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we werent charged extra.The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24_ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little 25_(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.10 2014年辽宁卷第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料

49、，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jonny: Hey! Im just practicing Tai Chi(太极). Would you like to join me?Peter: I know nothing about it. Is it difficult?Jonny: It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this.Peter: OK. Dont laugh 61 me. I may look funny.Jonny: Bend your kn

50、ees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and 62 (soft). Try to keep your body straight. Move slowly, then be sure to keep your balance and dont let your body shake.Peter: I cannot control my body well. My legs become 63 (pain).Jonny: Keep 64 (hold) your position for a while

51、. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let 65 stay in the air for seconds. Peter: I feel my legs shaking. I cannot do this any longer.Jonny: Be patient! Tai Chi 66 (call) “shadow boxing” in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well 67 strong. In rea

52、l competition, a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. The 68 (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you!Peter: Unbelievable! Oh., 69 you dont mind, Ill stop and take a deep 70 .11. 2013年广东卷One day, Nick invited h

53、is friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he 16 _(find)that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son,“Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much 17 _too little.”His son looked surprised.“I can understand why I

54、shouldnt pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, 18 _not save a bit of money?”“That would be a very 19_ (reason)thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.Nicks guests, 20 _ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply

55、if they could. Nick replied,“The only reason a man would sell salt 21_ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 22 _the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“But such a s

56、mall thing couldnt 23_ (possible) destroy a village.”“In the beginning, there was only 24 _ very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always 25 _(think) that it was only small and not very important ,and look where we have ended up today.”12. 2012年广东卷第二节 语法填空（共10小题;

57、每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卷标号为16-25的相应位置上。Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, 16_ (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he 17 _ (buy) the school, And the word quickly got around that he was fro

58、m New York City.For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt 18 _ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in 19 _ last row. 20 _ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back ,he was w

59、rong. It might have made it a little 21 _( hard ) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didnt stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, 22 _ made her feel like a star.“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head.” Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher 23 _ a few seconds and all the other students wondered 24