小学英语知识点归纳

1、1. 字母：（大小）辨认、书写次序；元音字母：Aa , Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu2. 数字： 1999 的基数词和序数词的运用,如运算、购物、时间、日期等；句型：Whats your number.Whats the time.How many pens are there. How old are you.How much is it.How tall are you.How heavy are you ？What time do you get up. Whens your birthday.What time did you see him.3. 颜色：单词： red, pink,

2、yellow, brown, blue, purple, orange, black, white, green.句型：What colour is it.Whats your favourite colour.4. 时间：年、季节、月、星期、日、时刻： Season spring, summer, autumn, winterMonth: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December. Week: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday,

3、 Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Satur day.Day: 1st May the first of May, May 2nd May the second 5. 食品与饮料：人对食品与饮料的喜好；东西方食品；句型：I like biscuits . Id like a cold drink.Would you like some buns.Do you want some rice. This isnt my food.句型：见话题 2；6. 服装：服装的颜色；人对服装的喜好；某人的穿戴；所属关系；位置等；句型：I like the green T-shirt.

4、 Wheres my new cap. Whos shirt is this. Is this your hat.7. 物品：名词的单、复数；特点、颜色、所属关系；存在的位置： in, on, under, beside, behind, in front of, above, near, inside, outside 玩具： toy car, doll 文具： desk, book, bag, pen, pencil, pencil-box, ruler, pencil sharpener句型：Whats this.What colour is it.Whose is this.This

5、is my brothers painting. I have a puppet. Theres a car near the hospital. Was it in the wardrobe.Is there a book on the desk. Thats not mine.8. 动物和植物： cat, dog, duck, fish, sheep, bird, panda, monkey, rabbit, hen , cock, c hick, tiger, lion, pig, cow , mouse mice, elephant, ladybird, puppy, tree, fl

6、ower, rose.9. 建筑与场所： factory, hospital, park, house, library, museum, office, farm, post off ice, bank, police station, railway station, bookstore, school, classroom, skating rink, cafe, housebathroom, living-room, sitting-room, bedroom, kitchen, garden.10. 身体：head, hair, eye, nose, ear, mouth, neck

7、, hand, finger, footfeet ,toe. fat, thin, tall, short, old, young, two big blue eyes, long hair, short hair, black h外貌：air.句型：This is my nose. Touch your head.Raise your arm.11. 个人情形：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好；句型：Im twelve years old. My hobby is reading.I like music.Im interested in space.My name is Peter.Im ta

8、ll and thin.Do you have any hobbies.12. 家庭、亲属和伴侣：姓名、年龄、地址、职业、特点与爱好、与你的关系family, grandfathergrandpa/granddad, grandmothergrandma/grand mum, father, mother, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, cousin, friend.句型：Whos he. Hes my father.Hes a doctor He likes playing games. My father helps me.Is he a soldier.Wh

9、ats he.13. 学校：学校建筑和学校生活； school, classroom, library, playground, Chinese, maths , English, music, computer, PE, art, science.句型：When do you go to school.What time do you have English. 14. 心情和身体状态： happy, sad, tired, angry, shy, sorry, well, sick.句型：Im sick.Im happy.We are sorry.I feel sad.15. 社交礼仪：礼

10、貌用语；询问与应答；句型：问候 Hello./ Hi.Good morning/afternoon/evening. How are you.How do you do.Glad to meet you./ Nice to meet you.介绍 My name is Im a pupil.Im 12.This is our teacher, Miss Chen. He is from Japan.道别 Goodbye./Bye. See you.Good night.道谢 Thank you./Thanks. Youre welcome.赔礼Sorry.Im sorry.Excuse me.

11、恳求 Can I have a puppy. Can I borrow a pencil. Yes, please.Of course.希望 Happy birthday. Merry Christmas.供应帮忙Can I help you.What can I do for you. Whats t he matter.寻求帮忙和建议 What can I do.用餐 Do you want some soup. Would you like some rice. Id like a cold drink.购物 Which one do you want.Can I look at it.

12、I want a red one, please.Its too expensive.Have you got enough money. How much is it.16. 国家与国庆日： China, Japan, America the USA, English the UK, Australia, Russia, Canada, Singapore, India, France.句型：Whens your countrys National Day. I come from China.17. 天气与气候特点： hot, cold, cool, warm, sun, sunny, r

13、ain ,heavy rain, rainy, wind, strong wind, windy, snow , heavy snow, cloud, cloudy.句型：Whats the weather like.It s a cold day.Spring is warm and nice. Tomorrow will be rainy.I like a sunny day.18. 节日：节日的特点；节日的活动；New Years Day, Spring Festival, Childrens Day, Mid-autumn Festival, Teachers Day , Nation

14、al Day, Christmas Day, Dragon Boat Festival.19. 正在发生的事情：现在进行的动作和发生的事；句型：Are you making a kite. Peter is writing.Whats Anne doing. Where are you going. What are they doing. Is he running.20. 日常生活：日常生活、工作、学习的活动；句型：I come to school by bus. Your homework is good. What time do you get up. She always get

15、up early.21. 方案与准备：方案和将要进行的动作be going to do 句型：Im/Youre /Hes/Shes /Were/Theyre not going to swim. Are you going to swim.Is he/she going to visit Anne.What are you going to do. What is he going to do.When are they going to swim.Tomorrow will be rainy.Ill stay at home.22. 才能和可能：能做某事或可能进行某事；句型：Can you

16、read and write in English. Can I have a puppy.What can you do. She can run fast.23. 过去发生的事情或过去的准备：过去式；句型：Where were you.Who was first.Was it in the wardrobe. Benny took my ball.Where did you go. What did you do.I came by plane.Anne wanted to skate.24. 对事物的比较：比较级和最高级；句型：My singing is louder than your

17、s.Im taller than y ou. There more shops in Picture One.Some stories are more interesting than others. The most interesting stories. Who is fatter.25. 提示与告示：What does that sign mean.Draw a cat on the roof.Dont put your feet on the seat. No speaking.Do not go i n.26. 善于和喜爱的事情：Im/ Youre/ Hes good at dr

18、awing. I like playing basketball.第一单元：1、以字母 y 结尾的名词变复数,假如字母 y 的前面是元音（a, e , i, o, u ）,就在 y 后面直接加 s；如： boyboys. 假如字母 y 前面是辅音,就把 y 变为 i, 再加 es. 如： ladyladies city cities story-stories. 2、动词的第三人称单数： （所谓第三人称单数,就是指既不是你也不是我的另外一个人,可以是详细的人名,他,她,或它,也可以是称呼类,如 my mother, my friend 等；当一个句子中的人物是第三人称单数,并且这个句子又是一般

19、现在时态时,该句子中的动词要使用第三人称单数形式；）havehas likelikes dodoes gogoes watch-watches 3、词语变化： fun形容词形式 funny funny （名词形式）fun know 同音词 no he宾格形式 -him 反义词： tall short longshort youngold new old strong thin fat thin kind strict active quiet 4、be like 与 do like: 在本单元中, What s like ？的句型是主句型, 这里的 like 是“ 像 一样”的意思 . Wha

20、ts like？是问某某长得什么样子 ,同学们千万别和 like 的另一个意思“ 喜爱” 相混了；它的答语一般用：He/She/ It is 后面跟描写人的外貌特点的词语 ,如： Whats your father like. 你爸爸长得什么样子？；而在 do like 的句子中, like 的意思才是“ 喜爱” 的意思；如：其次单元：What does your father like. 你爸爸喜爱什么？1、当询问别人喜爱哪些课程时,classes应当用复数形式, 由于别人喜爱的课程可能不止一门；What classes do you like. 你喜爱哪门课程？2、表示星期几的七个单词,开

21、头第一个字母都要大写；其简写形式为前三个字母加点；week 星期,周；（一周包括七天）How many days are there in a week. There are 7.一个星期有几天 .七天；Weekend 周末（包括周六和周日）How many days are there in a weekend. There are 2.一个周末有几天 . 2 天；在英语国家中,一个星期的第一天是星期天Sunday. The first day of a week is Sunday. 3、当介词in, on ,at 后面跟表示时间的词语时,表示在某年或某月（当只有年和月的时候）,用 in.

22、如 in May在五月； In 1988,在 1988 年；表示在某段时间,如在上午,下午,晚上也用in.如 in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening. 表示在某日,在星期几时,用 on；如 on Monday, on Sunday . 表示在几点几分,在详细时间时,用at. 如 at 6:30, at 9 oclock. 4、近义词： often 常常 usually （常常,通常）5、play with和 在一起, with 后面常用人称代词的宾格形式；如： I can play ping-pong with you.我可以和你一起打

23、乒乓球；6. I like Mondays. John likes Sundays. 第三人称单数,留意动词要变成三单形式；这里的 likes 是 like 的三单形式,在一般现在时的句子中,假如主语是7、Today is Sunday. I like Sundays. 在这个句子中,前一个星期日 Sunday 是特指“ 今日是星期一”,所以用单数形式,而后一个星期日 Sundays 是泛指全部的星期日,所以用复数形式；第三单元：I1、What would you like for lunch. 你午饭想吃什么？ “ for” :为了；后面要接名词或人称代词的宾格形式；如：d like som

24、e tomatoes and mutton ；我想吃一些西红柿和羊肉；2、some 与 any 的区分：（1）巧记：确定句中用 some,恳求邀请委婉时,some 用于疑问句 ; 否定疑问用 any, 确定句中用 any,任何一个接单数；（2）它俩都是“ 一些” 的意思,后面既可接可数名词复数,又可接不行数名词,但用法有区分；some 用于确定句；但当表示恳求、邀请、语气委婉,期望对方得到对方确定回答时,可用于疑问句,此时句中常显现情态动词can, may, could, would. any 用于否定句和疑问句；如：A：Could I have some meat. B： Sorry, yo

25、u cant have any meat. There isnt any. （3）假如名词前有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等限定词修饰时,就只能用 some of,表示“ 中的一些；Some of the apples are hard to reach. Some of your teachers are not young. 4留意 : any 也可用在确定句中, 此时后面接可数名词的单数, 意为 “ 任何一个”；如：You can ask any student in our class. You can choose any subject. 3、I have eggplant and t

26、omatoes for lunch. 我午饭吃茄子和西红柿；这里的 eggplant 是指一道菜, 是被切碎了的, 熟的, 所以这里的eggplant 是不行数名词, 不能用复数形式；一日三餐的英语说法：breakfast 早饭lunch午饭dinner 晚饭西红柿 tomato 和土豆 potato 在指一道菜的时候,肯定要用复数形式；如： I have tomatoes and potatoes for lunch on Mondays . 4、以下单词的形容词形式：salt salty（咸的）health healthy（有用的）taste tasty（好吃的）5、同义词： have t

27、o 不得不 -must （必需）同义句：Whats your favourite food. =Which food do you like best. food 食物fruit 水果drink 饮料6、Whats your favourite food.后面一般跟表示集合的名词,如：colour 颜色class 课程book 书sport 运动vegetable 蔬菜animal 动物 number 数字day天,日子第四单元：1、当你想询问别人会干什么时,用 What can you do. 答句有确定形式：Yes, I can . 否定形式： No, I can t. 当你想知道他人会干

28、什么时,可用 What can he do . 或者 What can she do . 答句有确定形式： Yes, he can ./ Yes, she can. 否定形式： No, he cant./No, she cant. 2、I can 变为一般疑问句： Can you . He can 或 She can 变为一般疑问句： Can he / Can she . 其中的 he , she 也可以变为其他详细的人物；如My mother can cook the meals. 变为一般疑问句：Can your mother cook the meals. 3、help 形容词形式 he

29、lpful helpful 动词形式 help 4、当句子中显现了助动词can 或其否定形式cant 时,其他的动词要用原型；R 1、There be 句型包括 There is a 句型和 there are 句型两种； There is a 句型表示有一个,后面跟名词 单数；如 There is a mirror on the wall. There are 句型表示有多个,后面一般接详细数字或some , many,再后面跟名词复数,如 There are two end tables near the bed. There be 句型又叫存在句型,它一般表示在某地有某物；在翻译中文句子

30、时,一般情形下,只要中文句子表达的是“ 存在”性质的“ 有” ,就要用 there be 句型来翻译； 如：有一个垃圾桶在门的后面；There is a trash bin behind the door. There be 句型和一般句型可以相互转换；如：1 把以下句子用 There be 句型改写：The computer is on the desk. There is a computer on the desk. 2 把下面的句子改为一般句型；There is a mirror over the bed. The mirror is over the bed. 2、There be

31、句型中使用单数句式仍是复数句式遵循就近原就；即离There最近的名词是单数时用There is a .离 There 最近的名词是复数时,用There are ,不管最终面的名词是单词仍是复数,都不去管它,如：（1）有一个讲台和很多课桌在教室里；There is a teachers desk and many desks in the classroom. 2 有很多课桌和一个讲台在教室里；There are many desks and a teachers desk in the classroom. 3、on 与 over 的区分： on 在 上面；表示与下面的物体相互接触,紧挨着；o

32、ver 在 上面,表示与下面的物体不接触,两个物体之间有肯定的距离；20、There be 的单数形式在变为一般疑问句时,将助动词be 提前,与 there 交换位置,如句中有第一人称代词,变为其次人称, 将句末的句号变为问号,其他不变； 如：There is a closet near the bed.-Is there a closet near the bed. There is a river in my village.-Is there a river in your village. There be 的复数形式在变为一般疑问句时,将助动词 be 提前,与 there 交换位置,

33、 然后将句中some 或 many变为 any, 如句中有第一人称代词,变为其次人称,再将句末的句号变为问号,其他不变；如： There are some fish in the river.-Are there any fish in the river. 4、There be 句型表示“ 有” 和 have, has表示“ 有” 的区分：There be 句型表示 “ 有”的意思, 表示在某个地方有什么,它表示的一种存在；如：There is a bag on the desk.有一个书包在课桌上；There are many book on the desk. 有很多书在课桌上；Have

34、, has 表示“ 有” 的意思,表示一种占有,拥有的关系,一般表示某人有某物；当主语人称是第三人称单数时用 has, 其他时候用 have.如：I have a new pen. 我有一支新钢笔；He has a big schoolbag. 他有一个大书包；5、示在树上时,in 与 on 的不同用法：当表示人或其他动物在树上时,用 in. 当表示树本身的东西如树叶、果实在树上时,用 on；如： The bird is in the big tree and the apple is on the small tree.6、一些特别疑问词的意义与用法：（ 1）what 什么,用来问是什么,

35、叫什么, 干什么 ,什么样等； 如：What is this. 这是什么？What s your name. 你叫什么名字？Whats your father like. 你爸爸长得什么样子？Whats your mother.你妈妈是干什么的？（2） Where 哪里,用来问在什么地方；如 Where are you from. 你来自哪里？Where is my ruler. 我的尺子在哪里？（3） Who 谁,用来问人物是谁？如：Whos that man.那个男人是谁？Whos your math teacher. 你的数学老师是谁？（4） Whose 谁的,用来问东西是谁的；如：Whose book is this. 这是谁的书？Whose father is a farmer. 谁的爸爸是农夫？Whose bike is blue.谁的自行车是蓝色的？（5） What time 什么时间；用来问详细时间是几点；如： What time is this. 现在几点了？（6） What colour 什么颜色；用来问物体是什么颜色的；如：