高中英语 Unit2 lesson 1 modern heroesgrammar课件 北师大必修1

1、2021/8/11 星期三1Lesson 1Grammar2021/8/11 星期三2(I)规则动词的过去式变化规则（1）一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed ，如：worked played wanted acted（2）以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d，如：lived moved decided hoped （3）以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如：studied tried copied just（4）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed，如：stopped dropped planned dotted drippedPast

2、 simple tense基本结构2021/8/11 星期三3规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音： 1. 在清辅音后读作t。如：asked, helped, watched, stopped 2. 在浊辅音和元音后读作d。如：enjoyed, studied, moved, called 3. 在t / d后读作id。如：wanted, neededPast simple tense基本结构2021/8/11 星期三4(II)不规则动词的过去式 不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。1. 以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。如：putput, letlet, cutcut, beatbeat2

3、. 以d结尾的词，把d变成t。如:buildbuilt, lendlent, sendsent, spendspent3. 以n结尾的词，在词后加t。如：meanmeant, burnburnt, learnlearntPast simple tense基本结构2021/8/11 星期三54. 以ow / aw结尾的词，把ow / aw变成ew。如：blowblew, drawdrew, knowknew, growgrew5. 含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。如：keepkept, sleepslept, feelfelt, smellsmelt6. 含有元音字母o / i的词

4、，将o / i变成a。如：singsang, givegave, sitsat, drinkdrank Past simple tense基本结构2021/8/11 星期三6(III)Be动词的过去式（1）am-was（2）are-were （3）is-wasPast simple tense基本结构2021/8/11 星期三7Past simple tense基本句式句式结构例句肯定句主语+实义动词过去式+He smoked many cigarettes a day否定句主语+didnt+原形实义动词+I didnt know you were so busy.一 般疑问句Did+主语+原

5、形实义动词+?Did you have a party the other day？特 殊疑问句疑问词+did+主语+原形实义动词+?When did you have your lunch? 2021/8/11 星期三8Past simple tense基本句式句式结构例句肯定句主语+was /were +I was late yesterday. 否定句主语+wasnt/ werent +We werent late yesterday.一 般疑问句Was/Were+主语+?Were you ill yesterday? 特 殊疑问句疑问词+was/were+主语+?When were y

6、ou born?2021/8/11 星期三91.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, 等。上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。 I worked in that factory last year. 去年我在那一家工厂工作。 I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday.

7、昨天我们去了天龙山。Past simple tense基本用法2021/8/11 星期三102.表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作，常与always，never等连用。Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella. 彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。 （只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞。）比较 Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella. 彼得太太老是带着伞。 （说明这是她的习惯，表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞）Past simple tense基本用法2021/8/11 星期三113 表示过去连续发生的一连串动作。这种情

8、况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。 The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died. 那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。Past simple tense基本用法2021/8/11 星期三124.有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际内涵意思表明是过去发生的动作或存在的状态。（这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！） I didnt know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。 I thought you were ill.

9、我以为你病了呢。 Past simple tense基本用法2021/8/11 星期三135. 在某些特殊句式或结构中，用一般过去时，并不都是表示“过去时”，它表示某种感情色彩。It is time you went to bed. (你早该睡觉了)I would rather you came tomorrow. (我宁愿你明天来。)Could you lend me your bike? (你能把自行车借我用一下吗？) Past simple tense基本用法2021/8/11 星期三14过去进行时是由“be动词的过去式was/were现在分词”构成。Past continuous te

10、nse基本结构2021/8/11 星期三15基本句式句式结构例句肯定句主语+was/ were +现在分词I was helping my mother in the kitchen all day否定句主语+wasnt/ werent +现在分词I wasnt repairing the bike at that time.一 般疑问句Was/Were+主语+现在分词?Were you talking to the head teacher ？特 殊疑问句疑问词+ was/ were +主语+现分词?Who were you writing to ? Past continuous tens

11、e2021/8/11 星期三161.过去进行时表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用，如： I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。 They were expecting you yesterday.他们昨天一直在等待。基本用法Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三172. 过去进行时可与soon, the next moment, in minutes, minutes later等时间状语连用，表示一个新的动作刚刚开始。如： Soon the whole to

12、wn was talking about it.不久镇上的人就都谈论起这种事了。基本用法Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三183过去进行时可用来为一个后一系列动作的发生提供背景。如： I hurt my leg when I was riding a bike.我在骑车时把腿摔坏了。基本用法Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三191.过去一般时表示的是过去经常发生的动作或状态。而过去进行时表示的是过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。因此，它们在使用的时间词语上有着比较明显的区别。那就是，一般过去时所指的过去时间却比较笼统，而过去进行时所

13、指的过去时间则比较具体，并含有“当时正在做某事”的意思。She joined the League three years ago.Mary was cooking at this time yesterday.比较Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三202.过去一般时表示的某个动作已经完成，而过去进行时则不一定完成。一般过去式常表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态，强调的是动作的发生、结束或完成。过去进行时表示某一时刻或过去某一段时间正在进行的动作,强调的是动作的持续性。 I first met Lisa thre

14、e years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time.比较Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三213、过去进行时可用来描绘事情发生的背景。即：过去某时A动作正在进行，B动作在A动作进行的过程中发生了，A动作就是B动作发生的背景。如：It was a dark night.The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily.A stranger came out from behind a st

15、reet.比较Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三22下面几种情况不用一般过去时而要用过去进行时：1.表示过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯动作时。如：Tom was getting up at six oclock every day that week.汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床。比较Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三232.与always连用表示赞美，厌烦等感情色彩时。如：John was always coming to school

16、late.约翰上学总是迟到。Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people.雷锋总是为人民做好事。比较Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三243.用来描写故事发生的情景时。如：It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cros

17、s the river.那是一个漆黑的夜晚，风刮得很厉害，雨下得很大，一个解放军战士突然出现在河岸上，他想过河去。比较Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三254. when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如：I was taking a walk when I met him.我正在散步，突然遇见了他。We were playing outside when it began to rain.我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。比较Present s

18、imple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三265.go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。如：I was leaving for Wuhan that day.那天我正要去武汉。She was coming later.她随后就来。比较Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三271. (07北京）It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.Oh,

19、 dont mention it. I _ past your house anyway.was coming B. will come C. had come D. have come2. (06安徽) I _ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident Awent; was occurring Bwent; occurredCwas going; occurred Dwas going; had occurred练习Present simple tense & Past continuous tense202

20、1/8/11 星期三283. (06北京) Where did you put the car keys? Oh, I _ I put them on the chair because the phone rang as I _ in.A. remembered; come B. remembered; was comingC. remember; come D. remember; was coming4.(07四川) Did you see a man in black pass by just now? No, sir. I _ a newspaper. A. read B. was

21、reading C. would read D. am reading练习Present simple tense & Past continuous tense2021/8/11 星期三295. (08安徽) -Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?Yes, I did. You know, my brother _ in the match.is playing B. was playing C. has played D. had played6. (08四川) The telephone _, but by the time I got indoors, it stopped.had rung B. was ringing C. rings D. has rung练习Present simple tense & Past continuous tense202