高中情态动词 完整版课件PPT

1、Unit 2 Sports events Grammar and usage牛津版 高一 模块四Unit 2 How many modal verbs can you list?can, could, may, might, must, have to, shall, should, will, would, dare, need, ought to情态动词一、特征1)情态动词本身有词义, 表示说话人的语气或情态,但词义不完全, 不能单独作谓语动词, 只能加动词原形一起(ought等除外) 构成谓语动词。2)情态动词所表示的情态有: 能力、义务、可能、允许、请求、建议、忠告、必要、敢于、需要等

2、。abilitycertaintypermissionobligation make requests make suggestionsmake offersgive advice能力义务,责任允许、许可提出请求提出建议提供帮忙提出忠告可能性、确定性情态动词所表示的情态有:形式变化情态动词没有人称和数的变化, 第三人称单数的一般现在时也无变化。有些情态动词有过去式, 如： can could; shall should dare dared; need - needed情态动词的种类 1.只用作情态动词的有： must, can / could, may / might, ought to 2

3、.既可作情态动词又可作实义动词的有： need, dare 3.既可作情态动词又为助动词的有： shall / should / will / would 4. 具有情态动词某些特征的词： have to, be able to基本用法1. canShe can drive, but she cant ride a bicycle. 表“能力”，“能/会做某事” Can I use your telephone? 表“请求，许可”，翻译为“能够/可以做某事吗” 用于否定句或疑问句，表 “怀疑、猜测、不肯定” This cant be done by Tom. “不可能” Can this be

4、 true? “有时候会” Jogging can be harmful to the health.2. may, might 用在疑问句中，表示 “允许” 或 “请求” 。might比may语气更委婉。 “可以吗” May I smoke in this room?用在肯定句和否定句中，表“猜测”, 翻译为“可能” 。might的可能性比may小。 He may know the truth.3. must must表 “必须，一定”, mustnt表“禁止，不许”4. have to 表示 “不得不” “必须” 的概念, 比must更含有 “客观条件使得不得不如此做” 。练一练 If y

5、ou _ go, at least wait until the storm is over. (2011辽宁) A. can B. may C. must D. willmust 表示“偏要，硬要，一定要”C练一练Two year ago, my husband bought me abicycle. If you live in town, it is often fasterthan a car and you worry about parking. A. must not B. may not C. should notD. dont have toD 1). shall用于第一、三

6、人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。2). shall 用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令，警告，允诺，决心或威胁。You shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)May I have a look?（征求意见）shall 练一练 Sir, _ he go or stay? Let him go. A. will B. shall C. might D. couldB 高考真题1. What does the sign over there read?“No person _ smoke or carry a ligh

7、ted cigarette, in this area.”(四川 2007)A. willB. mayC. shall D. mustC6. should表“建议”, 翻译为 “应该，应当”。7. will 在陈述句中, 表示其 “意志” “意愿” “决心”等。在疑问句中，用第二人称作主语, 表示说话人向对方提出请示或询问。 有时表示一种习惯动作或状态或自然规律。表推测，可能性的用法肯定式否定式疑问式might比may语气弱比may not 弱may或许，也许可能不could可疑的可能不可能有可能吗should按说应该/ought to按说应该/will该是（将来）/must一定，必定/may

8、和might表推测不能用在疑问句中否定的情态动词的用法:cant 不能; 不可能may not 可能不mustnt 不准, 禁止 shouldnt 不应该 ( = ought not to )neednt 没必要 ( = dont have to )darent 不敢1. Can I go now? Yes, you can. No, you cant.2.May I smoke in this room? Yes, you can. No, you mustnt.3.Must I wash the dishes at once? Yes, you must. No, you neednt N

9、o, you dont have to.疑问句的回答方式练一练 Might I watch TV after supper? Yes, you _. A. may B. must C. might D. canD 练一练 May I pick a flower in the garden? _. A. No, you neednt B. Not, please. C. No, you mustnt D. No, you wont.C 几组情态动词之间的区别can / be able tocan 的形式只有can/could两种。be able to可以用于不同的时态，还可以用在其他的情态动词后

10、面。can 表示一般能力。be able to 表示经过努力后而达到的一定境界。 My brother can play table tennis. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but every one was able to get out.Wang Gang might be able to win the chess game.shall / will用在陈述句中，shall表示允诺; will表示决心或决定。Dont worry. You shall have the ticketsfor the games.Liu

11、Mei will go and buy the tickets forthe games.在疑问句中，shall用于第一人称或第三人称后，表示提供帮助或给出建议；will用于第二人称或第三人称后，表示询问意愿。1. Shall we go swimming this weekend?2. A group of students are waiting to see you outside. Shall they come in?3. Will you go watch the game with me this afternoon?4. Will he pay for me ?mustnt /

12、 needntmustnt 表示“不准，不许，禁止”，语气强烈。neednt 表示“不需要，没必要”，语气缓和。You mustnt miss this football match. Its very important.You neednt watch the game if you dont want to.Must we clean the classroom? Yes, you must. /No, you neednt.need / dare作为情态动词时，没有人称和单复数的变化，两个词常用于疑问句和否定句。否定形式常以neednt和darent的形式出现;Need I help

13、you? Yes, please.You neednt telephone him now.How dare you talk to the teacher like that?The girl dare not go out alone at night.用作实义动词时，可用于各种句式，但多用于肯定句。 need to do dare to do need to be done need doing need / dareWe need to tell him the news.You dont need to tell him the news.Do the flowers need wa

14、tering?I didnt dare to tell you the truth.Would you dare to catch the snake with your hand?The boy dares to do anything he likes.ordinary verbs How dare you say such a thing? How dare you to say such a thing?He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he?He darent speak English before such a

15、 crowd, dare he?Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease.Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.These dishes needed be cleaned carefully.These dishes need to be cleaned carefully.These dishes need cleaning carefully. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher. A. dare to say B. dare saying

16、 C. not dare say D. dared sayD练一练1. 情态动词+be doing must be doing 一定正在做某事 may be doing 可能正在做某事The boys may be playing football on the playground.The lights are still on. He must be working in the office now.情态动词和其他时态的连用情态动词+ have done must have done 用于肯定句，表示“ 过去一定做了某事”，表示对过去已经发生的动作非常肯定的推测。 e.g. Tom ha

17、snt come back yet. He must have missed the bus again. 不存在mustnt have done.2. may/ might have done 用于肯定句，表示“ 可能/也许已经做了某事”， 表示对过去已经发生的事情的推测, 说话人不太肯定。e.g. It is too late. I think he may have gone to bed.may/might not have done过去可能没有做某事3. should / ought to have done 用于肯定句，表示“ 过去本应该做某事，而实际上未做”，含有责备或以遗憾的语

18、气。e.g. You should have come to the meeting earlier. should not/ought not to have done 用于否定句，表示“过去本不该做的事情反而做了” 4. need have done 表示“过去有必要做某事，但实际没做” neednt have done 表示“本来没必要/不需要做某事，但实际上却做了”e.g. You neednt have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my home.5. could have done “本来能够做某事，但实际上没有做到” 没有

19、can have done cant/couldnt have done 不可能做了某事e.g. Lily didnt go to the library yesterday because her car broke done.But she could have borrowed mine.e.g. He couldnt have gone to Shanghai. I saw him just now in the library. Sorry, Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep aga

20、in. A. might B. should C. can D. willA练一练I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word. A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have left D. neednt leaveB练一练My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who _ have taken it? A. should B. must C. could D. wouldC练一练Sincetheroadisw

21、etthismorning,_ lastnight. A.itmustrain B.itmusthaverained C.itmustberained D.itmusthavebeenrained B1. You must have seen the film, havent you?2. You must have seen the film last week, didnt you?3. His parents must have beaten him, havent they?4. His parents must have beaten him yesterday, didnt the

22、y?must have done 的反意疑问句Have a try! （Page 29）You are writing an article for the school magazine about how cities are chosen to host the Olympic Games. Go through the list showing what is important for a candidate city. Then use the information to complete the article.convenient transport: recommended

23、 English-speaking citizens: recommended international airport: necessary Sports stadium: necessary Training grounds: necessary hotels: recommendedWhen choosing a city to host the Olympics, there are certain things we need to consider. First, the city (1) _ (must, should) have an Olympic stadium and

24、also (2) _ (has to, ought to) provide first-class training grounds. The chosen city (3) _ (must, should) also have plenty of good hotels and (4) _ (could, must) have an international airport nearby. musthas toshouldmustPublic transport (5) _ (has to, ought to) be convenient. Finally, we should think

25、 about the people who live in the city. Many of the people (6) _ (should, might) speak at least a little English, which would be very helpful for tourists. ought toshouldZhou Jianping is interested in winter swimming and wants to practise it. He wrote a letter to his friend Li Ming, a winter swimmer

26、, for advice. Help Li Ming complete his reply using modal verbs.(Page 31)Hi Jianping I was glad to receive your letter and am happy to tell what I think about winter swimming.I know that you are a sports fan and like swimming very much. Im pretty sure you (1) _ swim very well. However, winter swimmi

27、ng (2) _ be dangerous. I suggest you join a swimming club and learn from a coach. Reading a book on winter swimming will also be helpful.Go swimming every day through summer and autumn. When winter comes, swim for just a few minutes at noon every day. cancan/couldDo some exercises as a preparation b

28、efore you swim. Otherwise, you (3) _ hurt yourself. To protect yourself from possible dangerous, you (4) _ (not) drink before swimming. If the water is very cold, you (5) _ (not) swim for too long. When you go winter swimming, find a good place. may/might/couldmustnt/shouldnt/cantmustnt/shouldnt/can

29、tIts important to find a place where you (6) _ get in and out of the water easily.Finally, you (7) _ (not) be too worried. If you join a club and follow your coachs advice, you will be a good winter swimmer very soon!Yours Li MingcanneedntLi Tongtong is a new student. Her classmate Zhao Long offers

30、to help her on her first day at school. Complete the following dialogue using shall or will.Zhao Long: Hi, Tongtong. Is there anything I can do for you?Li Tongtong: Oh, yes. Id like to send a postcard to my grandparents. Wheres the post office?Zhao Long: Im going to the post office after school. (1)

31、 _ I post it for you or (2) _ we go together?Li Tongtong: Lets go together then. Tomorrow is my birthday. (3) _ you come to my birthday party?Shall shallWill Zhao Long: Great! Id love to. I (4) _ bring you a gift.Li Tongtong: Thanks. Oh, by the way, I dont have many friends yet. Would you like to br

32、ing your friends too?Zhao Long: That will be wonderful. I (5) _ ask some friends to join us. You (6) _ have a good time. Li Tongtong: Thank you. will/ shallwill/shallwillPractice:1. _IwaterthetreesonTuesday? No,youneednt.A.CanB.MustC.MayD.Shall 2.He_notpayunlessheispunished topay. A.shall B.willC.ca

33、nD.would 3.I_suchamistakeagain. A.shallnevermakeB.maynevermakeC.canneverdoD.need BA4._Iturnontheradio?Youdbetternot.Itisnoisyenoughinthisroom. A.ShallB.MustC.NeedD.Do5.Sincetheroadiswetthismorning,_lastnight. A.itmustrain B.itmusthaverained C.itmustberained D.itmusthavebeenrained AB6.Everyone_dohisb

34、esttomaketheworldsafeandclean. A.can B.mayC.shouldD.hadto 7.They_thatfar;buttheystoppedtohaveasnackontheway. A.mightbegoneB.neededgo C.couldhavegone D.oughthavegone 8.You_getdownthebusuntilthe bushasstopped. A.cant B.needntC.mustntD.dontCCD高考真题1. What does the sign over there read?“No person _ smoke

35、 or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”(四川 2007)A. willB. mayC. shall D. mustC2. Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted. (宁夏 2007)A. willB. would C. shouldD. must3. We hope that as many people as possible _ join us for the pi

36、cnic tomorrow. (2006 全国卷II)A. needB. must C. shouldD. can CD4. Must he come to sign this paper himself?Yes, he _. (广东 2006)A. need B. must C. may D. will5. John, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour?(2005 全国卷III)A. MustB. CanC. May D. NeedBA 6. Tom, you _ leave all your clothes

37、 on the floor like this! (2005 全国卷I)A. wouldntB. mustntC. needntD. may not7. If I _ plan to do anything I wanted to, Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. (湖北 2005)A. wouldB. couldC. had toD. ought toBB8. Lucy doesnt mind lending you her dictionary.She _. Ive already b

38、orrowed one. (湖南 2005)A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldntC A left-luggage office is a place where bags _be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. A. should B. can C. must D. willB2. How _ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the art

39、icle? A. can B. must C. need D. mayA3. The room is so dirty. _ we clean it? Of course . A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do B4. My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who _ have taken it? A. should B. must C. could D. wouldC5. I hear youve got a set of valuable Australian coins._ I have a look?

40、Yes, certainly.A. Do B. May C. Shall D. ShouldB6. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word. A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have left D. neednt leaveB7. Are you coming to Jeffs party? Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead. A. must B. would C. should D. mightD8.

41、 Sorry, Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. A. might B. should C. can D. willA9. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. They _ be ready by 12:00. A. can B. should C. might D. needB10. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but e

42、veryone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. was able to D. couldC11. When he was there, he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work everyday. A. would B. should C. had better D. mightA12. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher. A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared sayD1. You _

43、buy a gift, but you can if you want to. （2010 湖南） A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to 解析：dont have to 意为“没有必要”，符合语境，句意为：“你没有必要买礼物，但如果你想买的话，你也可以买。”D 真题解析2. I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it? （2010 江西） A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will 解析： must 必须, 一定 can 可以, 能够 may 也许 will 意愿, 倾向性

44、动作, 前半句说我告诉你事实了, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响, 既然我已经说了, 我还必须重复一遍吗？A 3. _ I take the book out? Im afraid not. （2010 四川） A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need解析：表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might ,表允许用can, may.句意为：“我可以将这本书带出去吗？”“恐怕不行”。故应选表情请求的情态动词may。正确答案为B。B 4. I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have

45、a test on the subject next month. Dont worry. You _ have it by Friday. （2010 江苏） A. could B. shall C. must D. may 解析：shall在第二人称中表示允诺，还可以表示强制，命令，威胁，警告。还有在法律条文中的要求或规定。B 5. May I take this book out of the reading room? No, you _. You read it in here. (2010 陕西). A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt 解析

46、：考查情态动词。英语中用could，might表示询问或征求意见的问句中，肯定性应答要用can或may来代替could或might，而may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用mustnt，故本题选D。D 6. “You _ have a wrong number,” she said. “Theres no one of that name here.” （2010 浙江） A. need B. can C. must D. would 解析：肯定的猜测，用must。C 1. I thought you _like something to read, so I have brought

47、 you some books. A. may B. might C. would D. must B 2. A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might notA Practice3. They will _ run this machine on their own in three months. A. can B. could C. may D. be able to4. That big cinema _ seat 2,000 peop

48、le. A. can B. should C. ought to D. is able to5. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you _.A. might B. will C. can D. shouldD A C 6. Might I watch TV after supper? Yes, you _. A. may B. must C. might D. can7. You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not8. Johnny, you _ play with the knife. You _ hurt yourself. A. wont; cant B. mustnt; may C. shouldnt; must D. cant; shouldntC B D 9. Will you stay for lunch? Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustnt B. I