高考英语完形填空解题技巧及方法

1、完美WORD格式高考英语专题复习一完形填空解题技巧指导格式塔心理学：当看见不完整的事物时，人们根据脑子里对事物的完整概念，会在思想上把它补全。 即：补全心理 一.高中英语课程标准和考试说明对高考完形填空的规定：完形填空是高考试题中的一个重要局部。完形填空共20题，考试时间为20分钟左右，分值为30分，占总分 的20%。在两篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文（约350词）内留有20个空格，每个空格为一题，每题有四个选择 项，要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择一个最正确答案，使短文的意思和结构恢复完整。完形填空局部的目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力（测试能力要求大体接近大学非英语专业二年级水平。）完型填空

2、考查综合运用语言的能力：1）词语辨析能力2）语法结构分析能力3）语篇理解能力4）逻辑推理能力5）文化背景透析能力6）生活常识综合运用能力二：完型填空试题主栗特点：1通常从一篇300-350词左右，文章中设空20个，首句不挖空；2内容完整，逻辑性强，语言结构严谨。生词少，难度适中。3干扰项设计严密,一般情况下，四个选项的词性植圆或属王同睾或对靠范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上一般不存在错误，对考生有很大的迷惑作用；4.突出语篇（语境），强调应用，注重交际；5考察重点多为实词：名词/代词/动词/形容词/副词等；单词为主、短语为辅。6关注语境背景知识，侧重上下关联，暗示判断能力。7.大多富有积极的教育意义

3、，给人以人生的启迪或是充满了生活情趣；记叙文对于叙事，描述类文章。短文的首句，往往点明故事发生的人物（who）,时间（when）,地点、（where）, 和事件（what）等背景情况。例：It was a busy morning about 8:30, when an elderly gent I eman in his 80s came to the hospital .议论文1、议论文的设题往往多以上下文为基础，利用承前信息或滞后信息，使读者有所依托。2、议论文中表达作者态度或看法的词较多，所以，试题中对形容词和副词的考查往往也较多。范文.范例,指导.参考完美WORD格式8）倒装句及复杂

4、句子 注意上下文的逻辑关系和语篇内容，这样才能确保答案的正确。三：语篇理解作者观点、态度1 . Life is very 55, so don t rush to make decisions. Life doesn t let you plan.55. A. hardB. busyC. short D. longDr. Shirley Jeanne Allen has traveled many roads andf o 11 owed many rainbows searching for her dream. With courage and 55, she never gave up.

5、A. determination B. inteI Iigence C. strength D. prideThis is because the most important character of creative peopIe is a very strong40 tofind a way out of trouble.40. A. desire B inspire C. infIuence D. attitude小结：完型填空考查内容语篇信息（语境理解）词汇手段：原词复现，同义.近义复现，反义词，习惯用法语法手段：指代，句型，语法工程逻辑手段：顺序关系，并列关系，因果关系，让步关系，

6、转折关系，解释关系作者观点、态度解题过程中应做到注意上下文语境了解常识背景掌握习惯搭配运用词义辨析运用语法分析运用逻辑分析运用排除法 英语完形填空解题步骤.通读全文,.逐句分析,.通盘理解,.复读全文, 做题三忌：急于求成, 只抠字眼, 断章取义,.通读全文,.逐句分析,.通盘理解,.通读全文,.逐句分析,.通盘理解,.复读全文, 做题三忌：急于求成, 只抠字眼, 断章取义,未通读全文便忙于答题,不了解文意。不善于逻辑推理，容易受思维定势的干扰，忽视特定语境中知识的应用。如何提高能力技巧 一、提高阅读能力（速度、理解）二、打好语法基础三、扩充词汇量（词汇是完型之根，动 词、名词为主）范文.范例

7、,指导.参考完美WORD格式四、增长生活常识，培养广泛的兴趣爱好 五、坚持每天做两篇，以提高实战能力 总结一解题方法:“先完意，后完形”。上下求索，瞻前顾后。总的原“先完意，后完形”。上下求索，瞻前顾后。八字方针:三步曲：范文.范例,指导.参考完美WORD格式问题跳跃性较大。我们做题时，既要看事实，又要感悟作者的态度与情感。范文.范例,指导.参考完美WORD格式对于论述文，首句说明了论述的主题。起到揭示主题的作用。例如：Aman who knows how to wr ite a personal I etter has a very powerf u I too I. A letter ca

8、n be enjoyed, read and 21 .说明文说明文直白性较强，脉络清晰。2、说明文的层次清晰，整体性强，所以，递进性词汇和名词的设题往往出现得较多。只要把握 这些关键，做完形填空便会得心应手，游刃有余。完形填空总体要求完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜想、推断、验证的过程，需要我们立足语篇环境，树 立全局观念，瞻前顾后，连贯思维，从语境角度来选择答案。高考完形填空考什么？.词汇题.语法结构.篇章结构（语境）为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较资.没有严格遵循答题步骤:很多考生一拿到完形填空题就急于选择答案，不认真分析通篇文

9、章， 单纯求快，忽略语篇理解,只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构。外表上解题速度挺快， 但是这种见树不见林的做法只会影响解题的质量和效率。切记:一定要用2-3分钟时间先进迂空迈且读，弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空.不注意积累答题技巧：a.忽略文章首句的提示作用；b.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系；c.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构，在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.时间安排不当：在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。切记:正确的做法是由易到难，先做会做的，再考虑较难的。强烈推荐：如尚有几题题目不确定可将某题的可能的两项填入空格，然后快速地整句整段地默 读，选

10、择某一项习惯或短语或动宾搭配读起来较流畅的.四.解题方法：总的原那么：先完意，后完形。十六字方针：上下通气，瞻前顾后，左顾右盼，前后照应O三步曲：读填读五.完形填空具体解题步骤通览选填复核1通览-一速读全文，把握大意跳格快速阅读一下全文，通过通览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容等等。2选填-一紧扣文意，瞻前顾后先易后难，逐层深入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻 找线索，注意词汇的意义、搭配，惯用法，语法，常识等多个角度进行综合考，选项入格。3复核-一全面检查，确保语意连贯，用词准确范文.范例.指导.参考完美WORD格式 复读全文验证答案。带着答案

11、把全文再通读一遍，注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章 意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。完形填空之解题技巧Basic skills of cloze细读文章的第一句话高考完形填空选文的第一句话通常是完整的。该句往往就是主题句（Topic Sentence）,这就为 我们理解文章的内在联系提供了一个“窗口”，它的句意往往为全文提供中心信息,能直接概括 全文大意、揭示主题。充分重视首句的标示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，据此展开思维，争取开局胜利。一：词汇题.上下文和前后句的提示（复现、同/近义词、反义词）（ 2010 才匕京卷）Mrs. Neidl would ask m

12、e for my 37 She wanted to know how I thought Shebe I i eved I had opinions, so I began to 37. A. op i n i onB. impress i onC. informationD. intention语境-原词重现（2010 陕西卷）I had some 28 in my pocker, but I would not give them to him, thinking to myseIf he would 29 （ only） use the money to feed his addicti

13、on to drugs or a I coho I.28. A. chocoIates B coinsC. tinsD. drugs语境一同义词、近义词复现Many old peopIe don t have good. They can t watch TV, but they can Iisten to music or news over the radio .A hearing B health Ceyes i ghtD timeSome parts of the water are very sha I I ow. But in some p I aces it is very, v

14、eryA. deepB. h i ghC. coldD. dangerousCh i nese government cha I I enged local shoo I s to conduct exper i ments i n-educat i onref orm. And then Renda Fuzhong Xi san Schoo I in Beijing stepped up to the.A. chargesB. exchangeC. chaI Ienge D exper ience语境-原词重现（词性变化） and then both ended up from the sa

15、me high schooI. Just three weeks beforeBi I I asked Mark if they could talk. （2003 北京）A graduation B movement C separationD vacat i onThe amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. Holding springs and streams sometimes means control, particularly in the 22 areas I ike the

16、 desert.A. dry B. distant C. deserted D. wi IdThe correct water supply forecast is based more on the water from the 34 than from the be Iow.A. clouds B. sky C. air D. aboveIn 1964 Shirley graduated from Ga 11audet and Iooked for _44_,She wanted to be 范文.范例.指导.参考范文.范例,指导.参考完美WORD格式C. putting 6.He d 3

17、6 hishad his father and grand-father beforeA. costA. likeB. spent C. takeB. as if C. so7. On Apri I 12, 1888, Alfred s brother newspaper his brother for him andhim.D. paidD. norLudwig died of heart attack.C. putting 6.He d 36 hishad his father and grand-father beforeA. costA. likeB. spent C. takeB.

18、as if C. so7. On Apri I 12, 1888, Alfred s brother newspaper his brother for him andhim.D. paidD. norLudwig died of heart attack.A major FrenchA. foundB misunderstoodindependent and work fulI time.A. information B. he Ip C. a job D. an assistantThe stone men face 41, rather than out to sea, and thei

19、r eyes are focused upon the sky.A. forward B. outward C. onwardD. inwardThe art experts who work at the gallery say theyused modern chemistry techno Iogy to 45 the paint on the picture. These checks found traces（痕迹）of paint deep in the picture dating from about 1814.A. try B. remove C. wash D. check

20、词汇题.词语的习惯用法和固定搭配（2010 全国 I） The nurse had him take a 36 in the waiting area, 37（teII ing）him it would be at Ieast40 minutes 38（before） someone would be abIeto see him36 A. breath B. testC. seatDe break语境-固定搭配The c i ty （Wash i ngton） was named George Wash i ngton, the first pres i dent of the Un i t

21、edStates.A. byB. for C. as D. afterIt was 4 o clock when the front doorbel I rang. Mrs Clarke was tea at the time.A. cookingB. making C. burningD. servingMarkdown and he I ped the boy pick up these articles. （2003 北京 春 50 小题）A. f e 11B. satC. layD. knelt , but they are damage to our houses and shops

22、 of historical interest,Said John Norris, one of the protesters. （NMET1999 第 30 题） A .doingB. raisingD. producinga I iving, 37Iife brewing beer for local breweries only to makea I iving, 37C. mistook C. mistook 能与“A for 错当成B”。D. judgedB”搭配的在四个选项中只有选项C, mistake A for B意为“误以为A是B,把A 注意：mistake-mistook-

23、mistaken词汇题范文.范例,指导.参考完美WORD格式.根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义（2010 江苏卷）My fat he r36 me to her with these words: a would I ike you to meetthe feI low who is A. rushed B.sent C.carried D. introduced 语境一词义辨析（2010 全国 I） The happiest peop I e don t 53 （necessarily） have the best of everything; they just 54 the best of

24、everything they have .54 A. learn B make C. favor D. try语境一词义辨析The boy wasthe water and his canoe was _away.A. onB. withinC. inD. underA. runningB. fI oat i ngC. flowingD. pullingWith her slow and cIumsy reactions, she would surely her team.A. hold onB. hold outC. hold overD.hold up语境+词语辨析.The train

25、er dec i ded it was useless trying to finish. He cal led to Trudy to 45A. keep up B. slow down C. give up D. take up.The forest began to disappear, which 53 all the animals dying out.A. resulted in B. resulted from C. created D. lay inNobel arranged in his wi I I to give the largest part of his mone

26、y to estab I ish the Nobel Prizes, which would be awarded to peopIe who made great to the causesof peace, Iiterature, and the sciences.A. additionsB.sacrificesC. changesD.contributionsmake additionsto给增加make sacrifices for为做出牺牲make changes to对作修改make contributions to对作贡献So I tried hard with my wr it

27、 ingand went to col lege. My first novel 45 whileI was at col lege.45. A. came onB. came inC. came out D. came backcome on加油，得了吧；开始come out出来；盛开;出版；显出come in 进来come back回来词汇题4.根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行选择I made my sandwich that afternoon while waiting for Cassie. 39 the butter-cream gave me an idea.A. Spreadin

28、g B. Boiling C. Baking D. Holding生活常识范文.范例,指导.参考完美WORD格式（2010 福建）Born in America , I spoke Engl ish not Chinese , the Ianguage of my ancestors . When I was three . my parents flashed cards with Chinese 36 at my face , but I pused them 37 （aside ）,A. custom B. games C . characters D. Ianguage 常识、背景知识

29、I turned the key in the lock andthe door open.A. knocked B. forced 0. pushed D. tried语境一常识（2008 浙江）I don t remember my father evergetting into a swimming poo I. But hedid love the water. Any kind of ride seemed to give him pleasure. And he loved to fishA. boat B. bus C. train D. bike, you_the intern

30、ational date I i ne. By agreement, this is the point where a new day. A. seeB. cross C. areD. are stopped byA. is coming B. is discovered C. is invented D. beginsthe international dateline是，国际日期变更线，是人们所规定的，看不见，摸不着，但 是可以越过。它是新的一天开始的地方。答案分别为B和D其实，以上方法并非独立使用，交互使用的情况较多。根据文章运用多方法，对选项逐项分析，出F除干扰项，从而确定最正确答案

31、。对稍难的或拿不准的个别题，我们可采用排除法。二：逻辑手段1 .逻辑手段顺序关系并列关系因果关系让步关系转折关系解释关系（2010 江苏卷）Then she Iooked at my father and replied, You are 40（wrong）. This is not theworst boy at al l9 41 the smartest one who hasn t yet foundan out Iet （释放的途径）for his enthusiasm.41 . A. but B. so C. and D. or语境-转折关系、搭配（2010 湖南卷）Bean is

32、a white dog, quite handsome and very 38.A. smart B. sweet C. s I ow D. shy语境-同类并列关系（2010 安徽卷）First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand, Then the writing point of the pen 52, the pen should make a thick, dark I ine.A. MeanwhiIeB. Genera IlyC. AfterwardsD. Final ly语境-顺序关系A transistor rad

33、io is sometimes very smaI I. It is very easy to carry*, radio broadcasts are better for blind peopIe.A. BesidesB. HoweverC. YetD. Somet i mesAt first nothing happened,suddenly a large rat rushed out of theA. and B. or C. so D. then范文.范例,指导.参考完美WORD格式My main responsibi I ity（职责） were clearing tables

34、and washing dishes,somet i mes I he I ped cook. （2003 北京 第 40 题）A. orB. soC. butD. even7.7.fatherA. IfC. When8. If we make7.fatherA. IfC. When8. If we makeand I often argue with each other, we are good friends.B. Al though D. As if noise on the bus theylook7.fatherA. IfC. When8. If we makeand I ofte

35、n argue with each other, we are good friends.B. Al though D. As if noise on the bus theylook语境-让步关系and uncomfortable .A. untouchedB. worriedC, movedC, movedD. exc i tedHei Ien was an oldC, movedD. exc i tedHei Ien was an oldHei Ien was an oldteacher with a warmsmile andA. burstingC. friendlyB. freez

36、ingHei Ien was an oldteacher with a warmsmile andA. burstingC. friendlyB. freezingD. livelyeyes.语境一并列关系二：逻辑手段2:语法结构分析some differences in schooI Iife between the USWhen we talked, I discovered （发现）and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little than that in China. We usually have forty minutes in each class.some differences in sch