高中英语必修三 UNIT3 DIVERSE CULTURES Section Ⅱ导讲义

1、Section Reading and Thinking.课标单词1.单词拼写gumbo/mb/n.秋葵汤(用秋葵荚做的浓鸡汤或海鲜汤)nachos/ntz/n.pl.墨西哥玉米片chip/tp/n.(英)炸土豆条;(美)炸薯片;芯片;碎片spicy/spasi/adj.加有香料的;辛辣的ethnic/enk/adj.具有民族特色的;异国风味的;民族的;种族的mission/mn/n.传教(区);重要任务;使命graffiti/rfiti/n.pl.涂鸦;胡写乱画comic/kmk/n.连环画杂志;漫画杂志;喜剧演员adj.滑稽的;使人发笑的afterwards/ftwdz/(NAmE usu

2、ally afterward) adv.以后;后来seek/sik/ vt.& vi. (sought/st/,sought)寻找;寻求;争取;(向人)请求china/tan/n.瓷;瓷器jazz/dz/n.爵士乐bar/b(r)/n.酒吧;小吃店;小馆子diagram/darm/n.简图;图解;图表;示意图claim/klem/vt.& n.夺取(生命);宣称;断言series/sriz/n.一系列;连续;接连2.根据英文释义选词填空(有两项是多余的)escape; journal; earn; district; downtown; occur; cheesecheese:a type o

3、f food made from milk that can be either soft or hard and is usually white or yellow in colourdowntown:in or towards the centre of a city, especially its main business areaoccur:to happendistrict:an area of a country or town, especially one that has particular featuresescape:to get away from an unpl

4、easant or dangerous situation 3.词汇拓展admit /dmt/vi.& vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入) admission /dmn/n.承认;入场费;准许加入definitely /defntli/adv.肯定;确实definite /defnt/adj.明确的;确定的definition /defnn/n.释义;定义diverse/davs/adj.不同的;多种多样的diversity /davsti/n.多样性;差异fortune/ftun/n.机会;运气 fortunate /ftnt/adj.幸运的fortunately /ftntli/adv.幸

5、运地select/slekt/v.挑选;选拔selection/slekn/n.选择;挑选historical/hstrkl/adj.(有关)历史的historic/hstrk/adj.具有重大历史意义的;历史上著名的immigrant/mrnt/n. (外来)移民;外侨immigrate /mret/vi.(从外地)移居;移民immigration/mren/n.移民人数;移居minority/manrti/n.少数民族;少数派;少数人minor /man(r)/adj.较小的;次要的.情境语块1.head to(朝)前进;(向)去2.seek ones fortune寻找成功致富之路;闯世

6、界3.earn a living谋生4.ethnic people少数民族5.apart from除了之外(还)6.diverse cultures多元文化7.used to过去常常8.in fact事实上9.the street art街头艺术10.the gold rush淘金热11.choose from从选择12.one of the oldest parts of the city 这个城市最古老的街区之一13.open up shops 开商店e to来到(某地);谈及15.be proud of因自豪.情境佳句1.句型公式It+系动词+adj. (+ for/of sb.)+to

7、 do sth.教材原句 I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.尝试翻译我得承认,再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。2.句型公式动词的-ing形式作后置定语教材原句Many of the people living here are from Mexico or Central America. 尝试翻译住在这里的许多居民来自墨西哥或中美洲。3.句型公式过去分词作后置定语教材原句 In fact, an art movement called the “Mission School”

8、started here. 尝试翻译事实上,一场名为“教会派”的艺术运动就发源于此。4.句型公式which引导非限制性定语从句教材原句In the same year, gold was discovered near San Francisco, which started a gold rush. 尝试翻译同年,旧金山附近发现黄金,引发了淘金热。.文本理解Step 1Reading for the main idea.Whats the main idea of the text?A.The authors introduction to the Mission District.B.Th

9、e authors visit to Napa Valley.C.The authors trip in San Francisco with diverse cultures.D.The authors camp in the Redwood Forest.答案C学会学习分类和组织信息我们可以通过对信息进行分类或组织来更好地理解文章。分类意味着决定信息的种类,例如日期、数字、观点。组织是指将事物按顺序排列,例如,按照年代、数量和种类。有时画张图来组织文章中的信息也是个不错的主意。Step 2Reading for the structure.Fill in the blanks with p

10、roper words.Before coming to San Francisco1.camped in the Redwood Forest and visited the 2.wine country of Napa ValleyIn the morningwalked around 3.looking at the 4.street art for a few hours and ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese 5.noodlesIn the afternoonheaded to a local 6.museum and learned somet

11、hing about the 7.historical changes in CaliforniaIn the eveningwent to 8.Chinatown and ate great food in a Cantonese restaurantTomorrowgo to a 9.jazz bar in the Richmond DistrictStep 3Reading for the details.Choose the best answer according to the passage.1.What does the word “definitely” in the fir

12、st paragraph mean?A.Doubtfully.B.Surely.C.Extremely.D.Directly.答案B2.What happened to San Francisco in 1906?A.An earthquake happened.B.The railway to the eastern region of the country was built.C.A gold rush started.D.Over 300,000 Chinese immigrants came to the city.答案A3.When immigrants left their co

13、untries,they.A.hoped to build a museum to show their historical changesB.carried their languages and cultures as wellC.dreamed of building a new cityD.had to take a lot of money with them答案B4.According to the text we can learn that .A.Chinatown has only Cantonese restaurants for visitorsB.San Franci

14、sco is a city which is to be the center for artC.gold was discovered in 1848 so the city became rich at that timeD.San Francisco is a city mostly influenced by immigrants答案D.难句突破1.图解难句自我分析这是一个主从复合句。主句是what引出的感叹句,第二个a city是同位语,后跟that引导的定语从句,第二个that引导定语从句修饰先行词the earthquake。尝试翻译多么神奇的一座城市啊一座1906年大地震后重建

15、的城市。2.图解难句自我分析这是一个简单句。“many sitting on top of big hills”是独立主格结构;“offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge”是现在分词短语作状语。尝试翻译这里有众多美丽的古建筑不少坐落于大山之巅, 城市、大海和金门大桥美景尽收眼底。3.图解难句自我分析这是一个主从复合句。主句中有三个并列谓语;句中that引导的定语从句修饰先行词the railway。尝试翻译许多其他人则在农场打工、加入淘金大军,或者参与修建加州通往美国东部的铁路。4.图解难句自

16、我分析这是一个主从复合句。动名词showing作介词of的宾语,同时后跟how引导的宾语从句。尝试翻译这家博物馆完美地展示了美国是如何由不同国家和文化的移民建设起来的。.文本复述Step 1Question Answering根据课文内容回答下列问题。1.Today, where did Li Lan arrive?Today,Li Lan arrived back in San Francisco.2.How did it feel for her to be back in the city again?It felt good for her to be back in the city

17、 again. 3.Where did she stay?She stayed in the Mission District.4.In the afternoon, where did she head to?In the afternoon,she headed to a local museum.5.What did the museum show to people?The museum showed people how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures. 6.In the ev

18、ening,where did she go?In the evening,she went to Chinatown.Step 2Text Retelling将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的60词左右的短文。Today,Li Lan arrived back in San Francisco, and it felt good for her to be back in the city again. She stayed in the Mission District. In the afternoon, she headed to a local museum that

19、showed people how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures. In the evening, she went to Chinatown.板块一语言知识1.It has the most diverse population and economy in America. (经典例句)它拥有美国最多元化的人口和经济。语言点1diverse adj.不同的;多种多样的情境探究The wildlife in Africa is diverse from that in Asia.非洲

20、的野生动物与亚洲的不同。Lily has a great diversity of interests;she likes sports,travel and photography.莉莉的兴趣多种多样,她喜欢运动、旅游和摄影。One of the best ways to improve your vocabulary is to read widely and diversely.提高词汇量最好的方法之一就是广泛而多样地阅读。归纳拓展(1)be diverse/different from和不同(2)diversity n.差异(性);不同(点);多样性a great/wide diver

21、sity of多种多样的(3)diversely adv.不同地;各色各样地学以致用(1)单句填空Forslans object is to gather a great diversity(diverse)of genetic material.(2)一句多译她的爱好与她姐姐不同。Her interests are diverse from her sisters.Her interests are different from her sisters.2.He made a fortune in real estate. (牛津例句)他在房地产上发了财。Paraphrase:He made

22、 a lot of money in real estate.语言点2fortune n.机会;运气;财富情境探究The girl was fortunate enough to have her mother as a bosom friend.这个女孩十分幸运有她的妈妈做她的知心朋友。Unfortunately, she locked herself out of the flat for leaving without keys this morning.因为今天早上忘记带钥匙出门, 她很不幸地把自己锁在公寓外面。Fortunately, the situation there is i

23、mproving, as the process of political settlement is making progress.幸运的是,随着政治解决进程的进展,那里的局势正在改善。归纳拓展(1)try ones fortune 碰运气 make a fortune发财;赚大钱have the good fortune to do.有幸做(2)fortunate adj.幸运的be fortunate to do sth.幸运做某事It was fortunate that.幸运的是(3)unfortunate adj.不幸的(4)fortunately adv.幸运地(5)unfor

24、tunately adv.不幸地学以致用(1)单句填空(2018课标全国卷)Fortunately (fortune), after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to leave and later the family met up for dinner.I was fortunate to enjoy(enjoy)such attractive scenery in your hometown.(2)完成句子(2020泉港一中高一下第二次月考)现在,有很多年轻人梦想不通过努力工作就可以发大财。Now

25、 there are many young people dreaming of making a fortune without hard work .3.It is likely that Native Americans moved to California at least fifteen thousand years ago.(教材P27)美洲原住民很可能在至少一万五千年前迁往加利福尼亚。语言点3句型公式:It is likely that.“可能”情境探究It is very likely that my parents will not allow me to go.我父母很可

26、能不会让我去。It is possible for him to finish the work within three hours.要他在三小时内完成这项工作是可能的。归纳拓展be likely to do sth.很可能做某事类似句型还有:Its possible that.有可能Its possible for sb. to do sth.某人有可能做某事学以致用(1)单句填空It is likely that it will rain today. Bring your umbrella with you. We are likely to make (make) mistakes

27、when learning English. (2)句型转换It is likely that some people will suffer back problems. Some people will be likely to suffer back problems.4.I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.(教材P28)我不得不承认,再次回到这个城市的感觉确实很好。语言点4admit vi.& vt.承认;准许进入(或加入)情境探究She apologised to me

28、and admitted having taken my umbrella by mistake.她向我道歉并承认错拿了我的伞。You will not be admitted to the theatre after the performance has started.演出开始后不许进入剧场。How does one gain admission to the Buckingham Palace?怎样才能获准进入白金汉宫?归纳拓展(1)admit having done sth. 承认做了某事admit sth./that.承认admit sb. to/into.允许某人进入;准许某人参

29、加be admitted to/into被(某校)录取; 允许进入(2)admission n.C承认,供认;U,C准许加入;U入场费学以致用(1)单句填空 For example, I had successfully got admitted (admit) to be a volunteer for the 13th National Games, which was held in August, 2017.Admission (admit) to British universities depends on examination results.(2)句型升级She was ad

30、mitted to Peking University. It made her parents very happy.(非谓语动词)Her being admitted to Peking University made her parents very happy.语言点5句型公式:It+系动词+adj. (+for/of sb.)+to do sth.情境探究I find it seems difficult to remember her phone number.我发现似乎很难想起她的电话号码。It is obvious that the boss thought highly of

31、 the plan.显而易见老板高度评价了这项计划。Its no good staying up too late.熬夜没有好处。归纳拓展当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时,为了避免头重脚轻,通常在句首使用形式主语it,而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。It is/was/feels/seems.+adj.(+for/of sb.)+to do sth.It is/was/feels/seems.+adj.+that从句It is/was+n.+doing sth.学以致用(1)单句填空It was difficult for her to make him understand her words

32、.Its difficult for me to memorize(memorize) all these English words. (2)句型转换It is necessary that he should be sent there at once.(改为简单句)It is necessary for him to be sent there at once.5.And what a citya city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.(教材P28)多么神奇的一座城市

33、啊一座1906年地震后重建的城市。语言点6occur vi.发生, 出现情境探究It didnt occur to her to ask for help.她没想到请别人帮忙。A good idea occurred to me while I was watching TV.我看电视时突然想到了一个好主意。It never occurs to her that she should make such great success in teaching career. 她从来没有想到她竟会在教学事业中获得如此巨大的成功。归纳拓展sth. occurs to sb.某人突然想起某事It occ

34、urs to/strikes/hits sb. that.某人突然想起It occurs to sb. to do sth.某人突然想起做某事。易混辨析occurvi.可指某事偶然发生, 可与happen互换, 但比较正式。表示“某人想到”时, 用occur, 后接介词tohappenvi.特指某事偶然发生。表示“某人发生了某事”, 要用sth. happens to sb.; happen to do sth. 表示“碰巧做某事”take place多指有计划、有目的、有步骤地发生, 比如举办活动、发生变化等break out多指自然灾害、战争、疾病的突然爆发注意:以上这些表示“发生”的单词

35、或短语都不能用于被动语态。The terrible war broke out in 1937. 1937年可怕的战争爆发了。 What happened to you last night? 你昨晚怎么了?When will the wedding take place? 婚礼什么时候举行?误区警示occur的过去式和过去分词分别为:occurred, occurred,现在分词为occurring。学以致用(1)单句填空A bright idea suddenly occurred(occur)to me that I could use the money I saved to help

36、 a poor student in the countryside.It occurred to me that I had left the scholarship at school.(2)完成句子(2020广东佛山第一中学高一上期中)他突然想起他把钥匙忘在办公室了。It suddenly occurred to him that he had left his keys in the office. 6.Many of the people living here are from Mexico or Central America. (教材P28)许多住在这里的人来自墨西哥或中美洲。

37、语言点7句型公式:现在分词(短语)作定语情境探究He is a promising young man.他是一个有前途的年轻人。The young man sitting between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper.坐在约翰和玛丽之间的那个年轻小伙子是校园报的编辑。I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. 脏兮兮的窗帘悬挂在沾满灰尘的窗前, 我只能透过它们观看大自然。归纳拓展(1)

38、单个分词作定语一般放在所修饰的名词之前;分词短语通常放在名词之后。(2)现在分词与过去分词都可以作定语,但现在分词表示主动关系,而过去分词表示被动关系。(3)不及物动词的过去分词作定语时,不表被动,只强调完成;不及物动词的现在分词作定语时,强调动作正在进行。fallen leaves 落叶/falling leaves 正在落下的树叶。学以致用(1)单句填空The people living (live) in the village have moved to other areas.Who is the girl wearing(wear) a yellow shirt over ther

39、e?(2)句型转换A man living in the village rarely sees subways. (who引导定语从句)A man who lives in the village rarely sees subways.7.This district used to be a poor area of town, but is now a centre for art, music, and food. (教材P28)这个地区过去是城市的贫困地区, 但现在是艺术、音乐和美食中心。语言点8句型公式:used to do过去常常做(现在不做了)情境探究I never used

40、to pay attention to the pictures on the wall.我过去从没注意过墙上的那些画。At first I didnt know how to do it. By and by I have got used to it.起初我不知道怎样做,但不久我就习惯了。A metal bar was used to force the door open.用金属棒把门撬开了。归纳拓展be/get used to(doing)sth. 习惯于(做)某事(to 是介词,后接名词、代词或动名词)be used to do sth.被用来做某事学以致用(1)单句填空I used

41、 to smoke(smoke), but I gave up a couple of years ago.I didnt think I could ever get used to living(live) in a big city after living in the country.(2)完成句子(2020湖南师大附中高一上期末)我们过去常常从报纸上获得信息,但现在我们习惯于在网上搜索。We used to get information from newspapers,but now we are used to searching for it on the Internet.

42、8.In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum that showed the historical changes in California. (教材P28)下午, 我前往当地的一家博物馆, 这家博物馆展现了加利福尼亚的历史变迁。语言点9head to (朝)前进; (向)去情境探究After the meeting I sent the file to the London office and headed back to the airport.会议结束后,我将档案发送到伦敦办事处然后返回机场。Two heads are better t

43、han one.两人智慧胜一人。That housewife kept her head and telephoned the fire department immediately.那个家庭主妇头脑冷静,并且立即给消防队打电话。归纳拓展(1)head vi.朝(某方向)行进 vt.领导; 居之首;主管 head towards/for/to.朝方向前进head back to回到head north/south朝北/南走(2)head n.头;首领;(牛、羊等)头数keep ones head保持冷静学以致用(1)单句填空I saw Tom heading towards/for/tome,

44、but I avoided meeting him.We lifted our heads(head) to breathe in the fresh and clean air.(2)完成句子(2020湖南常德高一下期中)他意识到走错了方向。He realized that he was heading in the wrong direction.9.Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune, and San Francisco quickly became a big city. (教材P

45、28)来自世界各地的30多万人前来追求财富, 旧金山很快就成了一座大城市。语言点10seek vt.& vi. 寻找;寻求;争取;(向人)请求情境探究We seek to find a way to make us get along well with the people around us. 我们试图找一种方法使我们和周围的人相处融洽。He is seeking after wealth and power all his life.他一生都在追求财富和权力。The tourists sought out a shady spot where they sat down and rest

46、ed.旅游者找到一块阴凉的地方坐下休息。 归纳拓展seek through找遍;搜查遍seek to do sth.试图做某事seek ones fortune寻找致富的机会seek after/for追求, 寻求seek out挑选出; 找出学以致用(1)单句填空Legal advice should be sought(seek)before you take any further action.The farmers seek to harvest(harvest)all the crops before it rains.(2)完成句子(2020河北张家口高一下阶段检测)当你遇到麻烦

47、的时候,你可以向你的老师征求建议。When in trouble,you can seek advice from your teacher.10.To earn a living,some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown.(教材P28) 为了谋生,一些人在唐人街开了商店和餐馆。Paraphrase:In order to make a living,some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown.语言点11earn vt.& vi. 挣得;赚得;赢得;博得情境探究Saving a g

48、irl from the river earned him a good reputation. 从河里营救了一个女孩为他赢得了好的名声。The young man earns 100,000 dollars a year.那个年轻人一年赚十万美元。There is a man here who has earned a lasting place in our heartsand in our history.这里有个人在我们的心中和我们国的历史上,赢得了永久的位置。归纳拓展earn/make a living by/from靠谋生earn money/make a fortune挣钱/发财

49、earn sb. praise/a reputation/respect某人赢得赞扬/名声/尊敬earn a place获得一席之地earnings n.薪水,工资学以致用(1)单句填空 What should we do to earn(earn)respect from others?Devoted to his work,Mr Brown finally earned(earn) his workmates respect by achieving success.(2)完成句子许多居住在沿海的人都靠捕鱼业谋生。Many people who live along the coast m

50、ake/earn a living by the fishing industry.11.I selected a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates. (教材P29)我挑了一家粤菜馆,那里的菜肴是放在精美的瓷盘子上的。语言点12select vt.选择;挑选;选拔情境探究Can you select a person as a candidate equal to the engineer in ability? 你能挑选一个与这位工程师能力相当的候选人吗? The final team se

51、lection will be made tomorrow.明天将确定队伍的最后人选。He was selected from a great number of candidates.他从众多的候选人中被选出来。归纳拓展(1)select sb. to do sth.选择某人做某事select sb./sth. as.挑选某人/某物作为select sb./sth. from.从中选出某人/某物(2)selection n.挑选;选拔(3)selected adj.挑选出来的; 精选的学以致用(1)单句填空We ran out of wood and I was selected to go

52、(go)and gather more.The players who are selected(select)from the whole country are expected to bring us honors in this summer game.(2)句型升级Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is not easy because technology is changing so rapidly.(it作形式主语)It is not easy to select a mobile phone for personal use

53、because technology is changing so rapidly.12.What do you think brought about the cultural diversity? (教材P29)你认为是什么导致了文化的多样性?语言点13bring about 导致;引起情境探究He has been a journalist all his life and has brought out two books.他做了一辈子的记者,并且出版了两本书。 His new suggestion was brought up at the meeting.他的新方案在会议上被提出来

54、了。His work brings him in 1,000 dollars a month.他工作每月可赚1,000美元。归纳拓展bring out出版;使显现;使表现出bring in推行;赚得;吸引;请参与bring on引起;使发展;使进步bring up抚养;抚育;呕吐;提出bring down降低;减少头脑风暴除bring about外, 常见的表示“引起, 导致”的词汇或短语还有: cause, result in, lead to, contribute to等。学以致用(1)单句填空In spite of tourism bringing in a lot of money

55、to the locals,it brings about more than one problem in turn(反过来).In the discussion,Jack came up with an idea that they should bring down the price of the bicycles.(2)句型升级Im wondering what brought about the failure of the business.(强调句型)Im wondering what it was that brought about the failure of the b

56、usiness.13.Over 3,000 lives were claimed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the series of fires that occurred after it.(教材P29)1906 年的旧金山地震和之后发生的一系列火灾夺去了3,000 多人的生命。语言点14claim v. 夺取(生命);宣称;断言;索取 n. 声明;断言;索赔情境探究He claimed that it was all a trick against him.他声称这一切都是一个针对他的诡计。You can claim your mo

57、ney back if the goods are damaged.如果货物有损坏, 你可以要求退款。It is claimed that soap powders pollute the water we drink.据说肥皂粉污染了我们的饮用水。归纳拓展claim to do sth.声称做某事claim sth. back要回某物make a claim索赔It is claimed that.据称学以致用(1)单句填空The scientist claimed to have invented(invent) a new kind of car.The victims in the a

58、ccident made a claim for 2,000 yuan.(2)句型升级People claimed to have discovered a cure for the disease.(It is claimed that.)It was claimed that a cure for the disease has been discovered.语言点15series n.一系列;连续;接连情境探究The students have to take part in a series of exams.学生不得不参加一系列考试。She was sitting on the s

59、ofa, watching the TV series. 她正坐在沙发上看电视系列片。He won the Emmy for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series last August. 去年8月,他获得了艾美奖喜剧类最佳男主角奖。归纳拓展a series of一系列或一连串(事件)a television series 电视连续剧a comedy series喜剧系列片误区警示(1)series属于单复数同形的单词,类似的单词还有 means(手段,方法), deer, sheep 等。(2)“a series of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动

60、词常用单数,但“these/those series of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。学以致用(1)单句填空So far a series of problems has been brought(bring) about by this decision. She gave a series of lectures at Warwick University last year on contemporary British writers.(2)完成句子(2020山东济宁高一月考)学生们提出了一系列问题。The students have put forward a series