高中英语 Unit 3《The world of colours and light》Grammar and usage课件 牛津译林选修8

1、2021/8/11 星期三1Grammar and usageInversion Unit 3The world of colours and light2021/8/11 星期三2Warming-up1.What is inversion? Inversion is the changing of the order of the words in the sentence. When we use inversion, we put the predicate or part of it before the subject.2.Why do we use inversion? To pu

2、t emphasis on the predicate instead of on the subject.3.In what cases can we use inversion? Some examples?2021/8/11 星期三3在疑问句中用倒装Did you go to visit the Louvre?What do you know about van Gogh?ConclusionWhen we use inversion, we put _before the subject. the predicate or part of it2021/8/11 星期三4Part A

3、(P 41)Li Ming got to London and wrote an e-mail to his parents. Read what he wrote and under- line the inversions included in the text.2021/8/11 星期三51. Aunt really enjoyed France and so did I.2. Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had forgotten our map in the room.3

4、. Had you come with us, I think you would have enjoyed Europe too. 4. Is there anything special that I can bring you?2021/8/11 星期三6倒装句分为两种，部分倒装和全部倒装部分倒装将谓语的一部分提到主语之前全部倒装将谓语的全部提到主语之前2021/8/11 星期三7部分倒装 1. 句首状语为否定副词或半否定副词的句子这类词或短语主要有: not, no, never, neither, nor, few, little, seldom, rarely, hardly, s

5、carcely, no sooner, not only, in no way, at no time, 等He did not like the painting. Neither did I. Neither am I impressed by the paintings nor do I like them. Never in my life have I seen such wonderful pictures. Not a word did he say about his visit to the art museum. At no time during the tour was

6、 I bored. Seldom does he paint now. Hardly had I got to Amsterdam when it began to snow.2021/8/11 星期三8如果上述否定副词出现在强调句型中的前半部分，不用倒装： It was not until he went abroad that he know the truth of the fact. 如果hardly, scarcely后面接的是any, ever, at all时，意义类似almost no/ not/ never（几乎不、从不），则无须倒装。Hardly any people ha

7、ving been invited went there.2021/8/11 星期三9部分倒装 Practice: Hardly _ the airport when the plane took off.A. I had arrived at B. had I arrived C. had I reached D. I had got to Have you ever seen anything like that before?No, _ anything like that before.A. I never have seenB. never I have seen C. never

8、have I seenD. I have seen She is not fond of cooking, _ I.A. so amB. nor amC. neitherD. nor do2021/8/11 星期三10部分倒装 2. only + 状语放在句首,要部分倒装。 Only on such a trip can you learn as much about European artists. (介词短语) Only by this means is it possible to explain it. (介词短语) Only then did I realize the impor

9、tance of math. (副词) Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able (从句)to get happily back to work. 2021/8/11 星期三11部分倒装 Practice: Only in this way _make progress in your English.A.you B.can you C.you be able to D.will you able to Only when the meeting was over_ go back to meet his friend.A. he could

10、 B. he was able to C. was he able to D. was able to he2021/8/11 星期三12部分倒装 3. so(也)或so / such.that结构引导的短语放在句首 So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. Li Ming enjoyed the museum. So did his grand- mother and aunt. So crowded was the art gallery that I could hardly move

11、 about. To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out. 2021/8/11 星期三13部分倒装 Practice: I like sports and _ my brother.A. so doesB. so isC. so canD. so likesThe doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply and _.A. so did Charlie B. Charlie did so C. Charlie does so D. did Charlie so S

12、o loudly _ that _ hear her clearly.A. did she speak; could everyone B. did she speak; everyone couldC. she spoke; could everyone D. she spoke; everyone could2021/8/11 星期三14部分倒装 4. “Not only + 分句,but also + 分句”句型中的前一 分句要部分倒装。Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good at speaking it. Not only th

13、e mother but also the children are sick. not only.but also.连接主语时,不倒装。Practice: _himself wrong, but his friends were wrong.A. Not was only heB. Not only heC. Not only was heD. Not only was2021/8/11 星期三15部分倒装 5. Not until放在句首,从句不倒装,主句倒装。Not until last week did they find the lost bike. (简单句) Not until

14、my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. 复合句)2021/8/11 星期三16部分倒装 Practice: Not until the early years of the 19th century _ know what heat is. A.man didB.manC.didnt manD.did manNot until I began to work _ realize how much time I had wasted.A. didnt I B. did I C. I didn

15、t D. I2021/8/11 星期三17部分倒装 6. 在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等 方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒 装结构。Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.Practice: Many a time _ swimming alone.A. the boy went B. went the boy C. did the boy goD. did go the boy2021/8/11 星期三18部分倒装 7.虚

16、拟语气中省略if时，主谓部分倒装。 If I were a teacher, what would you do then? Were I a teacher , what would you do then? Had we made adequate preparations , the party would have been a success. If we had made adequate preparations, the party would have been a success. Practice:If the picture were unique, it would

17、be valuable.Were the picture unique, it would be valuable. If the museum had been closed, we would have been upset.Had the museum been closed, we would have been upset. If you should have gone on the trip, you would have learnt a lot about painting.Should you have gone on the trip, you would have le

18、arnt a lot about painting.2021/8/11 星期三19To sum up 部分倒装 1. 句首状语为否定副词或半否定词副的句子2. only + 状语放在句首3. so(也)或so / such.that结构引导的短语放在句首4. “Not only + 分句,but also + 分句”句型5. Not until放在句首6. 以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子7.虚拟语气中省略if时2021/8/11 星期三20More practice: (Part B on P 41)Inve

19、rt the following sentences using the structures with negative words.1 I have never seen such beautiful flowers in the city.2 I do not have time to go to the museum today and I also do not want to.3 I had hardly started to look at the paintings, when the teacher said it was time to leave the museum.4

20、 The artist is always drawing; he is seldom seen without a notebook in his hand.2021/8/11 星期三211 Never have I seen such beautiful flowers in the city.2 Neither do I have time to go to the museum today and nor do I want to.3 Hardly had I started to look at the paintings when the teacher said it was t

21、ime to leave the museum.4 The artist is always drawing; seldom is he seen without a notebook in his hand.2021/8/11 星期三22全部倒装1. There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替 be动词的动词有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。 There stood a dog before him. There exist different opinions on this question.Practice: _

22、 a beautiful palace _ the foot of the hill.A. There stand; at B. There stands; underC. Stands there; underD. There stands; at2021/8/11 星期三23全部倒装2. “Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be等) + 主 语 结构。Here comes the old lady!Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.There comes the bus.Now comes yo

23、ur turn.除了then引导的句子常用过去式,如果表示一种生动的 描述时则常用一般现在时。其次,如果主语是人称代词, 就不用倒装。如:Here you are.There she comes.2021/8/11 星期三24全部倒装Practice: There _. And here _. A. goes the phone; she comes B. is the phone going; is she C. does the phone go; does she come D. the phone goes; come she2021/8/11 星期三25全部倒装3. 表示方向的副词o

24、ut, in, up, down等置于句首,要 用全部倒装,且主语名词时 In came Mr White. Up went the arrow into the air. Away went the boy.Practice: Out _, with a stick in his hand.A. did he rush B. rushed he C. he rushed D. he did rush _ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him.A. Jumped down the robbe

25、r B. Jumped the robber downC. Down jumped the robber D. Down the robber jumped2021/8/11 星期三26全部倒装4. 分词(代词such) + be + 主语结构。Walking at the head of the line was our teacher. Such was the story he told me.Practice: _, a man of achievements, deep thoughts, but with simple habits.A. Einstein was such B.

26、Such was EinsteinC. Einstein was so D. So was Einstein _ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.A. GoneB. GoC. To goD. Going2021/8/11 星期三27全部倒装5. 表示地点的介词短语 (如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)放在句首时且主语名词时,要全部倒装。 On the top of the hill stands a pi

27、ne tree.In front of the classroom is a playground.Practice: Near the church _ cottage.A. was such an oldB. had a so oldC. was such old a D. is so an old2021/8/11 星期三28全部倒装6.句首为直接引语时 “Id like to come back and see Monets garden,” said my aunt. “This,”said the artist, “is the most beautiful place I hav

28、e ever seen.”7.当主语较长，谓语很短时，为了使句子平衡把某 一成分放在句首，主谓全部倒装。 Gone are my friends from the cotton fields away. Present at the conference were General Manager, Vice-general Managers and 215directors.2021/8/11 星期三29To sum up1. There be (exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand)结构.2. “Here, There, Now, Th

29、en + come (be) + 主 语 结构.3.方向副词out, in, up, down等置于句首且主语名词时4. “分词(代词such) + be + 主语”结构.5.表示地点的介词短语 (如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)放在句首时,且主语名词时6.句首为直接引语时7. 句子平衡全部倒装2021/8/11 星期三30部分提前主谓不倒装 1.由as, however (no matter how), though和be 引起 的让步状语从句主谓不倒装,只须把形容

30、词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前提到as前,且单数可数名词提 到主语前时不带冠词。 Tired as he was, he kept on running. Try as I might, I couldnt lift the box. Child as he was, he could work out the problem. However hard I try, I cant understand the question. Close though the union of small particles is, we have found ways of breaking the

31、m. Be the rain ever so heavy, I will go there now.Practice:_, hes honest.A. As he is poor B. Poor is he C. Poor as he is D. Poor as is he2021/8/11 星期三312. 表示祝愿的句子中的May倒装 May our country become prosperous and strong!2021/8/11 星期三32More practice2021/8/11 星期三331._come to our country as today. A.Foreign

32、 guests who have never B.Never so many foreign guests have C.Never have so many foreign guests D.The foreign guests arent ever2._that he could not speak for a long time. A.So frightened was heB.So frightened he was C.Was he so frightenedD.Frightened was he 3.Many a time _good advice. A.gives me hisB

33、.he gives me C.I give him D.does he give me2021/8/11 星期三344.Rarely_so difficult a choice. A.she could have faced with B.could have she faced with C.she could have been faced with D.could she have been faced with5.In a phycial change no new substance is formed, _in the composition of mater. A.nor doe

34、s any change take place B.nor any change takes place C.not any change takes place D.either any change take place6.Only in a few countries_a reasonable standard of living. A.the whole of the population enjoy B.the whole of the population enjoys C.does the whole of the population enjoy D.has a whole o

35、f the population enjoy2021/8/11 星期三357.Seldom_to come over to have a chat with him in those days. A.have I have timeB.did I have time C.I have time D.I have got time8.Tomorrow will be Sunday._. A.So it will B.So will it C.Either it will D.Either will it9.Little _that the district was very rich in resources. A.we suspectectedB.we did suspect C.did we suspect D.do we suspect2021/8/11 星期三3610.The teacher is not too happy with the student, and _ is his father. A.notB.neitherC.eit