2022年国际关系学院翻译硕士英语模拟真题试卷

1、国际关系学院翻译研究生英语真题预测试卷(总分：132.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you things_to teach you the art of learning.（分数：2.00）A.butB.norC.asD.like解析：解析：本题考察固定构造。not so muchas为固定构造，意为“与其说，不如说”。句意：学校教育的重要作用与其说是专家你知识，不如说是专家你学习之道。2.All flights_,

2、 we decided to take a greyhound.（分数：2.00）A.were canceledB.had been canceledC.having canceledD.having been canceled解析：解析：本题考察独立主格构造。逗号后没有连词提示，本空应填非谓语动词，故一方面排除A项和B项。空所在部分的逻辑主语为All nights，而句子的主语是we，因此是考察独立主格构造。nights与cancel之间为被动关系，故选D项，因而排除C项。3.This company has now introduced a policy_pay rises are rel

3、ated to performance at work.（分数：2.00）A.whichB.whereC.whetherD.what解析：解析：本题考察定语从句。分析空前后句子构造可知，重要成分均完整，中间也没有连词，故本空所填词应引导定语从句，因此一方面排除C项和D项。which虽引导定语从句时，句中作主语、宾语或表语，故也排除。题干中，company为定语从句的先行词，定语从句关系副词用where，故答案为B项。4.The American businessman had difficulty at times working with his local counterparts in

4、Guangdong Province, for he could speak_Cantonese than Mandarin.（分数：2.00）A.no moreB.not moreC.no lessD.not less解析：解析：本题考察固定构造。no morethan意为“与都不，同同样不”，相称于neithernor，具有悲观、否认的意味。than前后两部分在乎义上都与否认的。not morethan意为“不及，不如”，是morethan的否认体现。表达限度上的差别。no lessthan意为“与同样，不比差”，强调两者具有同等性。not lessthan意为“不比更”，是lesstha

5、n的否认体现。根据前面分句中的had difficultyworking withGuangdong Province可知，这位美国商人的粤语和一般话说得都不好，故答案为A项。5.He came into the managers office_ that he was dismissed.（分数：2.00）A.only to be toldB.being toldC.in order to be toldD.telling解析：解析：本题考察非谓语动词。动词不定式用来表达到果，特别是表达不曾料想或不但愿发生的动作时，可在前加only。分析句子可知，她走进经理办公室后，应当是被告知，故用动词不

6、定式的被动式，因此答案为A项。6.The new director made it clear that his staff were not to accept gifts from clients, _.（分数：2.00）A.be they jewelry or football ticketsB.they are jewelry or football ticketsC.whether are jewelry or football ticketsD.no matter are jewelry or football tickets解析：解析：本题考察让步状语从句的倒装。由whether

7、引导的让步状语从句中，如果谓语动词是be，此时whether省略，主谓语颠倒，此时动词必须用be，没有人称、数和时态的变化，故答案为A项。7.The terrible disease is said _the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region.（分数：2.00）A.beingB.to beC.to have beenD.having been解析：解析：本题考察非谓语动词。be said to do是固定构造，由句中的时间状语over the past few years

8、可知，动作发生在谓语动作之前，故应用动词不定式的完毕式作宾语，故答案为C项。8._your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work.（分数：2.00）A.UnlessB.But forC.Except forD.Not for解析：解析：本题考察虚拟语调在含蓄条件中的用法。此用法中，假设的状况不是用一种条件句来表达，而是隐含在诸如without，but for，but that等构成的短语或句子中，或由连词but，副词otherwise，以及比较级等表达的上下文中。因此，根据题意和语法规则，But for

9、为最佳答案。9.The doctor _a medicine for the childs stomach pains.（分数：2.00）A.describedB.subscribedC.prescribedD.inscribed解析：解析：本题考察动词辨析。根据句意可知，医生(the doctor)应给病人开药(a medicine)符合语义，故答案为prescribed，意为“开处方，给医嘱”。described意为“描写、形容，论述，描绘、作图”。subscribed意为“认、捐赠，签订，题词，签名，认购，订阅，订购”。inscribed意为“雕、刻，题写、题献”。10.The _fam

10、ily in Chinese cities now spends more money on housing than before.（分数：2.00）A.normalB.averageC.usualD.general解析：解析：本题考察形容词辨析。normal意为“正常的”，虽然有时也可意为“平常的，一般的”，但强调的是达到正常水平，与abnormal(不正常)相对。average在本句中表达“一般的，一般的”，强调一般水平或一般水准。usual意为“平常的，一般的，惯常的”，强调习惯性的、常用的、不稀奇的。general意为“一般的，普遍的时，强调的是影响有关事物大多数的，具有大多数的特性

11、的，故答案为B项。句意：中国都市的一般家庭目前在住房上的消费比此前多。11.Prices are _to variation without notice.（分数：2.00）A.possibleB.trendyC.likelyD.subject解析：解析：本题考察形容词辨析。possible意为“也许的，可接受的，合理的、可以容许的”，常用于be possible to do sth(做某事是也许的)构造。trendy意为“时髦的”。likely意为“也许的，适合的，有但愿的”，常用于be likely to do sth(也许做某事)构造。subject意为“也许受影响的，易遭受的”，常用于

12、be subject to sth构造。句意为：价格若有变动，不再另行告知。根据本空后的to variation可排除A项和C项，根据句意可排除B项。12.Be careful when you talk to your boss. He is in a very bad _today.（分数：2.00）A.motiveB.moodC.mindD.notion解析：解析：本题考察名词辨析。motive意为“动机，目的，因素”。mood意为“情绪，心情，氛围，氛围”，in a bad mood是固定用法，意为“心情不好”，故答案为B项。mind意为“头脑，心思，大脑，智慧”。notion意为“观

13、念，信念，理解”。13.The government has allocated ten million pounds to the tsunami-_area.（分数：2.00）A.stickenB.strickenC.stuckD.striked解析：解析：本题考察形容词辨析。英文中没有sticken，直接排除。stricken意为“遭受的；受灾的”，与tsunami-连用后表达“遭受海啸的”。根据空前的allocated(拨(给)和tsunami (海啸)判断，政府应当是给海啸受灾地区拨款，故答案为B项。stuck意为“被困住的；陷于而动不了的；被难住的；不知所措的”。没有striked

14、这个词。14.The branches could hardly _the weight of the fruit.（分数：2.00）A.retainB.sustainC.maintainD.remain解析：解析：本题考察动词辨析。retain意为“保存，保持，持有，继续拥有”。sustain意为“支撑，支持”。maintain意为“维护，保持，坚持，抚养”。remain意为“逗留，剩余，遗留，继续存在”。根据空前的branches和空后的weight判断，应当是树枝无法承受果实的重量，故答案为B项。15.Her speeches are full of _wit and warmth.（分

15、数：2.00）A.captivatingB.captivatedC.captiveD.captured解析：解析：本题考察形容词辨析。captivating意为“迷人的，有魅力的，有吸引力的”。captivated意为“(以某种感染力)吸住，困惑住，征服”，为动词captivate的过去式和过去分词。caprive意为“被监禁的，被关起来的”。captured意为“捕获，拍摄，夺取，攻夺”，为动词capture的过去式和过去分词。根据空后的wit and warmth可知需要形容词修饰，故一方面排除B项和D项。可以形容speeches的形容词只能是captirating，故为答案。16.Aft

16、er the terrorist attacks in Europe, he _the idea of going to Spain for a holiday.（分数：2.00）A.gave inB.dismissedC.missedD.struck解析：解析：本题考察动词(短语)辨析。give in意为“让步，屈服，投降，上交”；dismiss意为“(从头脑中)清除，不再考虑”，dismiss the idea of为固定搭配，意为“打消(做某事)的念头”，符合语义，故为答案。miss意为“错过；怀念，怀念”。strike意为“罢工；击；袭击；打”。17.He asked for $ 5,

17、 000 in _for the injury he suffered in the accident.（分数：2.00）A.damagesB.lossesC.damageD.loss解析：解析：本题考察名词辨析。loss意为“损失”，一般指财产损失。damage意为“损坏”，一般指客观事物的破坏、损伤。damages意为“损害补偿(金)”，即对一种人所受损害的补偿。losses意为“损失额(金)”。根据空前的$5，000和空后的the injury判断，本空应表达受伤后的补偿金，故选A项。18.Unfortunately, most public places are simply not

18、geared _the needs of people with disabilities.（分数：2.00）A.withB.forC.toD.at解析：解析：本题考察介词辨析。be geared totowards是固定搭配，意为“使适合；适应的需要”，后接名词、代词或动名词，故答案为C项。19.A solar cell takes radiation from the sun and _it into electricity.（分数：2.00）A.altersB.modifiesC.shapesD.converts解析：解析：本题考察动词辨析。alters意为“变化，更改，修改(衣服使更合

19、身)，改建(房屋)”。modifies意为“修饰；调节；缓和”。shapes意为“塑造，使成为形状(样子)”。convens意为“转换、可转变为”。根据句意判断，应当是将太阳能转换成电，故答案为D项。20.His constructive proposal for improving the program is _of our attention.（分数：2.00）A.worthB.worthyC.worthwhileD.worthless解析：解析：本题考察固定搭配。be worthy of sth为固定搭配，意为“值得做某事”，故答案为B。be worthy of相称于be wonh d

20、oing sth或be worthwhile to do sth。worthless意为“无价值的，不值钱的，没用处的”。21.A good English learner is supposed to _a large vocabulary.（分数：2.00）A.commandB.orderC.controlD.lead解析：解析：本题考察动词辨析。command意为“拥有，掌握”，command a large vocabulary意为“掌握大量词汇”，是固定用法，故为答案A项。order意为“命令；整顿；订货”。control意为“指挥，控制，掌管，支配”。lead意为“导致；领导，引导

21、；牵”。22.The government has launched several campaigns to crack _on pirating.（分数：2.00）A.upB.inC.downD.for解析：解析：本题考察介词辨析。分析句子可知，本题规定填入合适的介词与动词crack和介词on构成搭配。crack up意为“(精神)崩溃”。crack down on意为“打击，弹压，制裁”。根据空后的pirating(侵害版权者；盗版者)可知，答案应为C项。23.Traditionally people believed that obesity resulted from overeat

22、ing only. Today, however, many doctors believe that it is a (n) _of genes.（分数：2.00）A.affairB.matterC.thingD.object解析：解析：本题考察名词辨析。Its a matter of sth是固定句型，意为“这是的问题”，故答案为B项。24.We were so poor in those days that the whole family had only one _and were ashamed of being seen.（分数：2.00）A.clothesB.clothingC

23、.garmentD.costume解析：解析：本题考察名词辨析。四个选项均有“衣服，服装”之意。clothes是一般用词，多指涉及上衣、内衣或裤子等具体的一件件衣服。clothing是常用词，为集合名词，是衣服的总称。garment语调庄严，正式用词，复数形式可与clothes换用，指身上所有穿着；单数形式指单件衣服，尤指长袍、外套等外面的衣服。costume指流行于某一地区或某一时代的服装。分析句子可知，此处表达全家人只有一件衣服，故答案为C项。25.Everybody says that he takes _his grandfather, with his big fleshy nose

24、 that takes _too much space on his face.（分数：2.00）A.to; upB.after; upC.of; offD.from; away解析：解析：本题考察介词辨析。分析句子可知，本题规定填入合适的介词与动词take搭配。take to意为“喜欢，习惯于；开始从事”。take up意为“开始从事，着手解决；占(地方)；费(时间)；占据”。take after意为“(在外表、举止、性格方面)像(某家庭成员)”。take off意为“起飞，匆匆离开，脱下”。take from意为“减去，减损，减少”。take away意为“拿走，夺走，使离开，使消失，消除

25、(病痛等)”。分析句子可知，第一空由空后的his grandfather判断，应表达“长得像她的祖父”，第二空由空后的too much space判断，应表达“占据空间”，故答案为B项。26.Seeing the closet on fire, he made a futile attempt to save the paintings from the flames. The underlined word probably means_.（分数：2.00）A.promptB.frenziedC.franticD.useless解析：解析：本题考察形容词词义理解。根据画线词前面的on fir

26、e和背面的attempt(尝试)判断，试图将那些画从大火中急救出来是徒劳之举，故答案为D项。useless意为“无益的，无用的，徒劳的”。prompt意为“敏捷的，及时的，迅速的”。frenzied意为“狂乱的，狂暴的，疯狂似的”。frantic意为“(因恐惊、焦急等)发疯似的，发狂的，慌乱不安的，紧张纷乱的”。27.Her parents keep her on a short_, although she has turned 20.（分数：2.00）A.leashB.lashC.blushD.lush解析：解析：本题考察名词辨析。leash意为“(牵狗的)皮带，链条”。lash意为“抽打

27、，鞭端皮条，鞭梢”。blush意为“(因难堪、羞愧)面部泛起的红晕”。lush意为“醉汉”。keep sbon a short leash是固定搭配，意为“对某人看得很紧”，故答案为A项。28.This is a widely _book owing to its insightful understanding of the subject.（分数：2.00）A.exclaimedB.claimedC.reclaimedD.acclaimed解析：解析：本题考察形容词辨析。exclaimed意为“呼喊，惊叫，大声说”，是exclaim的过去式和过去分词。claimed意为“规定(应得权利)，

28、声称，需要，夺走”，是claim的过去式和过去分词。reclaimed意为“再生的，翻造的，收复的，回收的”。acclaimed意为“备受推崇的，广受欢迎的”。根据空前的副词widely和空后的名词book一方面排除A项和B项。根据空后的insightful understanding(深刻的理解)判断，C项不符合语义，故答案为D项。29.Doctors recommend Vitamin C for keeping colds _bay.（分数：2.00）A.toB.forC.inD.at解析：解析：本题考察介词辨析。keep sbsthat bay是固定搭配，意为“使不能接近，避免侵袭”。

29、分析句意可知，维生素C可以远离感冒，故答案为D项。30.Normally he is rather_, but sometimes he talks freely about himself.（分数：2.00）A.reservedB.informalC.peacefulD.sociable解析：解析：本题考察形容词辨析。reserved意为“沉默寡言的”，根据转折连词but和talks freely (侃侃而谈)可知，符合语义，故为答案。informal意为“不拘礼节的，和谐随便的”，与背面的转折连词but逻辑不符。peaceful意为“和平的；安静的”，反义词是violent和noisy，不

30、能和talks freely形成反差。sociable意为“好交际的；友善的”。二、 Reading Comprehension(总题数：10，分数：70.00)The temperature of the sun is over 5, 000 degrees Fahrenheit at the surface, but it rises to perhaps more than 16 million degrees at the center. The sun is so much hotter than the earth that matter can exist only as a g

31、as, except at the core. In the core of the sun, the pressures are so great against the gases that, despite the high temperature, there may be a small solid core. However, no one really knows, since the center of the sun can never be directly observed. Solar astronomers do know that the sun is divide

32、d into five layers or zones. Starting at the outside and going down into the sun, the zones are the corona, chromosphere, photosphere, convection zone and finally the core. The first three zones are regarded as the suns atmosphere. But since the sun has no solid surface, it is hard to tell where the

33、 atmosphere ends and the main body of the sun begins. The suns outermost layer begins about 10, 000 miles above the visible surface and goes outward for millions of miles. This is the only part of the sun that can be seen during an eclipse such as the one in February 1979. At any other time, the cor

34、ona can be seen only when special instruments are used on cameras and telescopes to shut out the glare of the suns rays. The corona is a brilliant, pearly white, filmy light, about as bright as the full moon. Its beautiful rays are a sensational sight during an eclipse. The coronas rays flash out in

35、 a brilliant fan that has wispy spikelike rays near the suns north and south poles. The corona is thickest at the suns equator. The corona rays are made up of gases streaming outward at tremendous speeds and reaching a temperature of more than 2 million degrees Fahrenheit. The rays of gas thin out a

36、s they reach the space around the planets. By the time the suns corona rays reach the Earth, they are weak and invisible.（分数：12.00）(1).Matter on the sun can exist only in the form of gas because of the suns_.（分数：2.00）A.sizeB.ageC.locationD.temperature解析：解析：事实细节题。根据题干中的Matter和gas将本题出处定位于文章第一段第二句。该句提到

37、，太阳比地球炎热得多，因而除了太阳核心，物质只能以气体的形式存在。由此可知，太阳上的物质以气体的形式存在是由于太阳的温度，故答案为D项。(2).The second paragraph is mainly concerned with_.（分数：2.00）A.how the sun evolvedB.the structure of the sunC.why scientists study the sunD.the distance of the sun from the planets解析：解析：主旨大意题。第二段简介太阳由外至内是由日冕层、色球层、光球层、对流层和核心五个部分构成的。由此

38、可知，第二段重要有关太阳的构造，故答案为B项。(3).All of the following are parts of the suns atmosphere EXCEPT the_.（分数：2.00）A.coronaB.chromosphereC.photosphereD.core解析：解析：事实细节题。根据题干中的atmosphere将本题出处定位于文章第二段第三句。该句提到，日冕层、色球层和光球层属于太阳大气。由此可知，核心不属于太阳大气，故答案为D项。(4).The word glare in the passage probably means_.（分数：2.00）A.strong

39、 heatB.harmful effectC.bright unpleasant lightD.endless warmth解析：解析：词义理解题。根据题干中的glare将本题出处定位于文章第三段。该段提到，日食的时候能看到日冕，其她时候，只有在相机和望远镜上使用特殊仪器，遮住日光的“glare”，才干观测到日冕。由此推测，glare在此指的是耀眼的光，故答案为C项。(5).According to the passage, as the corona rays reach the planets, they become_.（分数：2.00）A.hotterB.clearerC.thinne

40、rD.stronger解析：解析：事实细节题。根据题干中的corona rays和reach the planet将本题出处定位于文章最后一段最后一句。该句提到，日冕的光线达到地球时就已经变弱且看不到了，C项对原文中weak and invisible的同义转述，故为答案。(6).Which of the following do the paragraphs following the passage most likely discuss?（分数：2.00）A.The remaining layers of the sun.B.The evolution of the sun to its

41、 present form.C.The eclipse of February 1979.D.The scientists who study astronomy.解析：解析：推理判断题。第二段提到太阳是由日冕层、色球层、光球层、对流层和核心五个部分构成的，接着第三至五段简介了日冕层，由此推断，下文最有也许继续简介太阳的其她几种构成部分。故答案为A项。Seeing the wreck for the first time, under the great arc of a sunny sky on that level shore, I was initially impressed by i

42、ts remoteness. Here was the focus of those weeks of discussion, of seemingly endless careful planning: a slightly projecting, elongated outline. The warmth of the day meant that many holiday-makers were about, and our equipment rapidly attracted them to the site, unmistakable with its brilliant oran

43、ge marker, each attached to a steel post. These posts marked off the four corners of our working area, and were linked by a rope to keep it clear of curious sightseers. Many structural features of the wreck which would normally have been visible were obscured by the sand, which was not only right up

44、 to but even above the upper gun deck. We went to work immediately when the first low tide made a start possible, and set up our basic survey line running down the middle of the wreck from bow to stern. As we set about measuring the sides of the ship in their relation to survey line, the Amsterdam e

45、merged as a vessel of substance, and more so when the members of the team had scoured her aged timbers free from mussel shells and seaweed. All this activity attracted an increasing number of sightseers, whose interest was natural and welcome, since the more people who were moved to understand what

46、we were about, the better it was for archaeology in general and for the future preservation of the Amsterdam in particular. However, there were also predatory souvenir hunters who were most disappointed by our merely taking elaborate measurements, with no apparent intention of digging up more object

47、s.（分数：12.00）(1).Seeing the wreck of the Amsterdam, the author was impressed by_.（分数：2.00）A.its apparent isolationB.its accessibility from the shoreC.the crowds of people round itD.the effect of its outline against the sky解析：解析：事实细节题。根据题干中的seeing the wreck和was impressed by将本题出处定位于文章第一段第一句。该句提到，作者第一次见

48、到阿姆斯特丹号沉船残骸时，一方面留下深刻印象的是它年代的长远。题干中的seeing the wreck和，was impressed by为文中信息的再现，其后内容为本题答案的根据。remoteness意为“偏僻，遥远”。A项较精确地体现了原文的意思，故答案为A项。(2).According to the passage, the holiday-makers on the beach were_.（分数：2.00）A.confined within a roped-off areaB.confined to the upper part of the wreckC.kept well awa

49、y from the orange markersD.discouraged from entering the roped-off area解析：解析：事实细节题。根据题干中的holiday-makers将本题出处定位于文章第二段第一句。该段提到，施工范畴的四角插着有橙色标志的钢杆，用绳子圈起来，以阻挡好奇的观光者。D项是对原文的同义转述，故为答案。(3).The word obscured in the passage probably means_.（分数：2.00）A.made clearerB.made less clearC.obtainedD.filled解析：解析：词义理解题。

50、根据题干中的obscured将本题出处定位于第三段第一句。该句提到，沉船残骸在正常状况下本应可见的构造特点被沙子“obscured”，这些沙子不仅达到了炮甲板，甚至没过了它。由此推测， “obscured”指本应可见的东西变得看不清了，即“使变得模糊”，故答案为B项。(4).We are told that work on the wreck was made difficult by_.（分数：2.00）A.the slope of the beachB.the height of the shipC.the number of holiday-makersD.the volume of t

51、he sand解析：解析：事实细节题。第二段提到，温暖的天气意味着大批度假者的到来，而“我们”的设备会迅速将她们吸引到残骸所在地，考古人员设立了绳索避免她们进入施工范畴，由此可知，大量的度假者会加大沉船上的工作难度，故答案为C项。(5).The passage suggests that the Amsterdam had been a_.（分数：2.00）A.submarineB.warshipC.fishing boatD.passenger liner解析：解析：推理判断题。第三段第一句中的gun deck(炮甲板)推断阿姆斯特丹号是一艘军舰，故答案为B项。(6).The passage

52、 suggests that I was most likely a (n) _.（分数：2.00）A.reporterB.archaeologistC.touristD.beach keeper解析：解析：推理判断题。文章最后一段提到，越多的人理解到“我们”从事的事业并为之感动，对整个考古学和将来“阿姆斯特丹号”的保存越有好处。据此推测，作者是一名考古工作者，故答案为B项。Nineteenth-century associationist theories assumed that the mind functions in terms of association, forming set

53、s of concepts and experiences. Associationists argued that mental contents could be studied by noting the links of similarity, contrast and proximity which exist in an individuals thought and behavior patterns. Pavlovs notion of conditioning is itself base on the associationist theory that one stimu

54、lus becomes associated with another. If a bell is rung each time a dog is given food, the dog will become conditioned to salivate on hearing the bell ring, despite the absence of food. First used to investigate the differences in cognitive styles, word-association tests became a sensitive instrument

55、 for the detection of emotional concerns. In a word-association test, a subject is presented with a list of about 100 words as stimuli. Each word is chosen by the tester and the subject is required to respond with the first word that comes into his or her mind on hearing the stimulus word. The teste

56、r notes the subjects response time for each of the words with the use of a chronometer. It is argued that if the subject is emotionally indifferent to a stimulus word, the response time for the reaction is very short. If, on the other hand, the stimulus word carries emotional significance for the su

57、bject, the response time is likely to be significantly longer. In addition, reactions to significant words may also include hesitation, stuttering, involuntary movement or other symptoms of disturbance. Jung, who used word-association tests in the early part of his career, showed that family members

58、, in particular mothers and daughters and husbands and wives, exhibited similar responses to the same stimulus words. He argued that this indicated a failure to achieve individuation and was indicative of the potentially negative dynamics that exist in family relationships. In a test carried out by

59、Donald D. Jaffe, a pioneer of word-association tests, a subject was observed to exhibit delay and disturbance in response to the words friend, bottle, and fight. Jaffe suggested that the subject had been involved in a drunken fight with a friend in which a window had been broken. The subject admitte

60、d that such an experience had, indeed, taken place and that the friend had asked the subject to pay for the damages resulting from injuries he had received.（分数：12.00）(1).Associationist theories_.（分数：2.00）A.were useful only for studying how people thinkB.were first used by Jung in word-association te