高考英语课件 语篇精读课（四）完形填空之议论文

1、 专题四 议论文体完形填空文体特点 1.议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发 表 见解或提出主张的说理性文章。议论文的目 的不仅是客观的解释事物，还力图说服读者相 信并接受某一观点。 2.议论文都是由论点，论据和论证这三个要 素构成的，这也是一个提出问题分析问题 解决问题的过程。因此，典型的议论文一般 就由序论（提出问题，即what）、本论（分析问题，即why）和结论（解决问题，即how）三个部分构成 。 3.议论文的语言自然客观，概括性强，比较 抽象。同时，它的语言也很准确，合乎逻 辑。 文中会较多地使用有辩论和推理含义 的连接和过渡词语与结构，以增强语言的准 确性和逻辑性 。4.作者的写作态

2、度一般也较诚恳，在文章中通常使 用的是与读者平等交流的语气，不会给人以居高 临下、逼人接受的感觉，在遣词造句方面多使用 虚拟语气、让步状语从句和can, may, might, could, would, should等情态动词。 方法点拨1. 把握首句，这样就可以迅速找到文章所要论证的观点，进而理解全文的主旨大意。英语议论文中绝大部分首句就是全文的论点，而且通常每段的首句就是主题句（topic sentence）。因此抓住每段的首句是非常重要的。 2.理清文章的论点、论据和结论。体会作者 谋篇布局的方法，了解各个段落的功能，感受作者论证的过程理顺文章的各部分，直到条理清楚为止，然后再根据自己

3、对文章的把握及各部分的逻辑关系选出答案。 3. 把握作者的观点和态度。议论文往往体现 作者对某一事物的观点，而作者的观点就是 文章的论点。考生要把握作者的观点，把握 作者对某一事物是褒还是贬，是赞成还是反 对，而通常把握了作者的观点也就找准了文 章的论点。 The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information

4、 is meant to be 36. Solitude can be hard to discover 37 it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have 38 our culture. 由高考题说起2012江苏高考36.A. updated B. received C. shared D. collected37.A. though B. until C. once D. before38.A. respected B. shaped C. ignoredD. preserved The desire to be

5、connected has brought solitude to a ( n) 39 as weve known it. People have become so 40 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 41 theyd rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog(写博客), not only from our 42 but from our mobile phones as well.39.A. e

6、dge B. stage C. end D. balance40.A.sensitive B. intelligent C.considerateD. reachable41.A. even if B. only if C. as if D. if only42.A. media B. computes C. databases D. monitors43. A. bent B. hard C. keen D. dependent44. A. finding B. using 45. A. Also B. Instead 46. A. connected B. trained C. recom

7、mended D. interested47. A. pleasure B. benefit C.burden Most developed nations have become 43 on digital technology simply because theyve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not 44 it would make them an outsider. 45 , many jobs and careers require people to be 46 . From this point of view, tec

8、hnology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a 47 to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who 48 wants it. Computers can be shut 49 and mobile phones can be turned off. The

9、 ability to be connected and on has many 50 , as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up 51 on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel 52 and forced to answer unwanted calls or 53 to unwanted texts.48.A. slightly B. hardly C. merely D. really49.

10、A. outB. down C. upD. in50.A.aspects B. weaknesses C. advantages D. exceptions51.A. hidden B. lost C. relaxed D. deserted52.A. trapped B. excited C. confused D. amused53.A. turn B. submit C. object D. replyAttitudes towards our connectedness as a society 54 across generations. Some find todays techn

11、ology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyones view on the subject, its hard to imagine what life would be like 55 daily advancements in technology.54.A. vary B. arise C. spread D. exist55.A. beyond B. within C. despite D. without读懂文章是解题的关键(如何读) 1速读文章，了解文章大意 Whats the passage mainly

12、 about?With the development of digital technology, the concept of solitude is disappearing. People are connected with each other by means of computers or mobile phones. Although people have different attitudes towards the change, the advance of technology does make a difference to the world.2精读文章，理清

13、细枝末节(完成下面框图) 论点论据结论Digital tech-nology has changed our way of life.1.New technologies have shaped our culture.2.Digital technology has changed the culture of word.Its hard to imagine what life Would be like without dailyadvancements in technology. 解题导语：本文为科技类的议论文。在 现代社会中，由于数码技术的发展，我 们独处的概念几乎不复存在。当今数

14、字 科技的发展给人们的生活带来了许多 方便，当然也有不变之处。尽管人们 对现 代技术的发展持有不同的看法， 但是技术的进步，我们的生活会完全不 同。让我们尽情的享受生活。 。 答案解析考向归位：考查动词词义辨析及上下文语义理解。技巧应用：代入法。根据前面提到独处的概念几乎是 不存在的，可知信息是被共享的。The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online

15、video games, information is meant to be 36.36.A. updated B. received C. shared D. collected解析：在数码时代里，独处的概念几乎是不存在的”可 知，此处表示信息是被共享的。 update“更新”, receive“接受”，share“分享”，collect“收集”， share符合语境。答案：C考向归位：考查句际关系 。技巧应用：逻辑关系。根据上下文语境可推知独处一 旦被放弃就很难发现。Solitude can be hard to discover 37 it has been given up.37.A

16、. though B. until C. once D. before解析：根据语境可知独处一旦被放弃就很难发现。 though“尽管”；until“直到”；before“在之 前”不合题意。答案：C考向归位：考查动词词义辨析及 上下文语义理解。技巧应用：逻辑关系。承接前句而来，再由第三段 中technology has changed the culture of work.，构成前后照应。 In this respect, new technologies have 38 our culture. 38.A. respected B. shaped C. ignored D. preser

17、ved解析：在这方面，新技术已经塑造了我们的文化。 respect“尊重”；ignore“忽视”；preserve“保护”。 shape“塑造，使成形”符合语境。 答案：B考向归位：考查固定搭配。技巧应用：固定结构照应法。bringto an end “使 结束”固定搭配。 The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a ( n) 39 as weve known it.39.A. edge B. stage C. end D. balance解析：根据语境可知此处表示使独处终结， bringto an end “使结束，使终止”，固定

18、搭配。答案：C考向归位：考查形容词词义辨析及 上下文语义理解。 技巧应用：原词复现照应法。根据后半句connections that one can often be contacted及第Being reachable 前后照应，其中reachable为原词复现。 People have become so 40 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 41 theyd rather not be.40.A.sensitive B. intelligent C. considerate

19、D. reachable解析：在网络连接世界中，人们已经变得如此地可达 到。sensitive“敏感的”，intelligent“聪明的”， considerate“体贴的，考虑周到的”，只有 reachable“可及，可到达”符合语境。答案：D考向归位：考查句际关系及连词词义辨析。技巧应用：逻辑关系或代入法。根据语境可知此处 为even if引导的让步状语从句。 People have become so 40 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 41 theyd rather no

20、t be.41.A. even if B. only if C. as if D. if only解析：在网络连接世界中，人们已经变得如此地可达 到以致即使不愿意被联系，也可能经常被联系。 only if“只要”，as if“似乎”，if only“要是 该多好”，只有 even if“即使”符合语境。答案：A考向归位：考查名词词义辨析及上下文语义理解。技巧应用：代入法。根据常识及上文中的network可 知，talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog等应与 电脑有关，后文也提到还有 。Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and

21、blog(写博客), not only from our 42 but from our mobile phones as well.42.A. media B. computers C. databases D. monitors解析：今天我们不仅可以用电脑来交谈，发短信，发 电邮，聊天，写博客，而且也可以用 做这 些事。答案：B考向归位：考查上下文语义理解。 技巧应用：代入法。根据空格后说他们已经习惯于使 用数字技术可知发达国家依赖于它。Most developed nations have become 43 on digital technology simply because th

22、eyve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not 44 it would make them an outsider.43. A. bent B. hard C. keen D. dependent解析：大多数发达国家已经变得依赖于数码技术。 bent (on)“决心的”；hard（on）“严厉的”； keen (on)“爱好，喜欢”。 dependent (on)“依靠 的”，符合语境。答案：D考向归位：考查动词词义辨析及 上下文语义理解。 技巧应用：照应法或逻辑关系。承接前句而来，根据 空格前他们已经习惯于使用数字技术并依 赖于它，因此不

23、用就会out，前后照应。Most developed nations have become 43 on digital technology simply because theyve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not 44 it would make them an outsider.44. A. finding B. using C. protecting D. changing解析：大多数发达国家已经变得习惯于使用并依赖于 数码技术，因此从这一点来说，不使用它会让 他们成为局外人。 答案：B考向归位：考查句际关系及副词词义辨析。

24、技巧应用： 逻辑关系。承接上句而来，表示进一步陈 述人们与新技术的联系 。 45 , many jobs and careers require people to be 46 .45. A. Also B. Instead C. Otherwise D. Somehow解析：承接上句，而且许多工作和职业要求人们相互 联系。instead“相反”， otherwise“否则”， somehow“以某种方式”，均不符合语境。答案：A考向归位：考查上下文语义理解。技巧应用： 原词及近义词复现照应法。根据上下文多 次提到connect和contact可知。 45 , many jobs and ca

25、reers require people to be 46 .46. B. TrainedC.recommended D. interested解析：承接上句，而且许多工作和职业要求人们相互 联系。答案：A考向归位：考查名词词义辨析及 上下文语义理解。 技巧应用：照应法。根据空格后半句may not want to be able to be contacted at all times可知经 常被联系是一种负担。 From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might

26、 feel like a 47 to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.47. A.pleasure B. benefit C. burden解析：经常被联系是一种负担。A项“愉悦”， benefit“利益”，disappointment“失望”，均与语 境不符。故选C项。答案：C考向归位：考查副词词义辨析及上下文语义理解。 技巧应用：代入法。根据空格前提到still possible便 可推知。 I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still

27、 possible for anyone who 48 wants it. 48.A. slightly B. hardly C. merely D. really解析：独处对于真正想要独处的人来说仍然是可能的。 slightly“稍微”；hardly“几乎不”；merely“仅 仅”；really“真正地”。 really符合语境。答案：D 考向归位：考查动词短语词义辨析及 上下文语义理解。 技巧应用：近义词复现照应法。承接上句而来，根据 语境及空格后同义短语turn off便可推知。 Computers can be shut 49 and mobile phones can be tur

28、ned off.49.A. out B. down C. up D. in解析：根据后半句中的“turn off”可知，此处应为意义 一致的短语，shut down“关闭”，符合语境。 shut out“关在外面，遮住”；shut up“住口”； shut in“关进”。答案：B考向归位：考查名词词义辨析及 上下文语义理解。 技巧应用：反义词复现照应法。根据空格后 disadvantages可推知。 The ability to be connected and on has many 50 , as well as disadvantages.50.A.aspects B. weakness

29、es C. advantages D. exceptions解析：根据语境可知既有优点也有缺点。aspects“方 面” ，weaknesses“缺点，不足”，exceptions“例 外”均不符合语境。答案：C考向归位：考查上下文语义理解。 技巧应用：代入法。根据空格后半句mobile phones have saved countless lives.可知。 Travelers have ended up 51 on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives.51.A. hidden B. lost C. relaxed

30、 D. deserted解析：游客在山中迷路lost， 已经挽救了无数条生 命。lost 符合语境。答案：B考向归位：考查形容词词义辨析及上下文语义 理解。 技巧应用：代入法。根据空格后的 force和 unwanted 可知。 They can also make people feel 52 and forced to answer unwanted calls or 53 to unwanted texts. 52.A. trapped B. excited C. confused D. amused解析： 还使人们人感到困窘（trapped），被迫回 答不必要的 或者回复不必要的短信。 excited“