新世纪大学英语综合教程4(第二版)-习题答案1-4单元

1、精选Unit ONEEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action Working with Words and ExpressionsIn the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary. Answers:sparkcompelledbarescrapedestructionoutput

2、retreattippedmiracleeternalpiletransfermasstherebyhave emergedtriggerthreatenconsumedhollowIn the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. Answers:show signs ofcope withlives in fear oftough it outcut do

3、wnfrom head to footsearched outnothing short ofAs yetsettle intake heart Increasing Your Word Power1. You will read six pairs of words which are similar in meaning but are different in usage. Reflect on the differences in usage between the words in each group and fill in each blankwith a proper one.

4、 Change the form if necessary. Answers:temptationattractionchanceopportunitystatescountrywarnedthreatened / threatensrefuserejecttotalgross2. A blend is a word produced by combining parts of other words, such as“ comsat ” from“ communications a”nd “ satellite Try” to. find out what words the followi

5、ng blends are formed from. You may consult a dictionary if necessary. Answers:BlendFormationMeaningsmogsmoke + fog烟雾blogweb + log博客brunchbreakfast + lunch早午餐 （早餐和午餐合为一餐）autocideautomobile + suicide撞车自杀chunnelchannel + tunnel海峡隧道motelmotor + hotel汽车旅馆netizennet + citizen网民sci-fiscience + fiction科幻小说w

6、orkaholicwork + alcoholic工作狂wi-fiwireless + fidelity无线网络Fill in the blanks in Column B with an adjective in Text A. The target adjective must be opposite in meaning to the one in Column A and must form a correct collocation with the noun in Column C. Answers:individualcontradictorydestructiverationa

7、lprimitivesyntheticdistantpessimisticirreplaceableenormousGrammar in ContextStudy the following sentences from Text B and point out the grammatical function of each of the present participles used as an adverbial. Answers:an adverbial of accompanying circumstancesan adverbial of accompanying circums

8、tancesan adverbial of resultan adverbial of resultan adverbial of manner; accompanying circumstancesan adverbial of resultan adverbial of timeComplete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, using a present participle as an adverbial. Answers:killing thousand

9、s upon thousands of peopleraising the average yield by 15 percenttrying to deduce its operating principleSeeing that everyone was bending over his / her bookNot having heard from his parents for a long timeleaving the project unfinishedTurning to the rightNot wanting to make the patient nervousCloze

10、 Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given. Answers:realmelementalobtainstubbornlytransferredtransformedsubduedexpansionirreplaceableextinctdynamicvergemoderateecologicalrationalTranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, usin

11、g the words and expressions given in brackets. Answers for Reference:The village is so close to the border that the villagers lived in constant fear of attacks from the enemy.In only twenty years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power.Seeing the project successfully completed,

12、 those who had invested so much time and energy in it felt very proud.Given the current financial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollar will be further devalued.There are so many vehicles nowadays that the roads in this area are barely adequate to cope with the present traffic.The weather s

13、howed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to get prepared for floods.Alice had been confined to bed for over 10 years after the traffic accident, and so her recovery seemed nothing short of a miracle.The students were all very much concerned about the World Cup, spending at l

14、east two hours every day watching the live matches on TV.Thomas said that his family had settled in Florida more than half a century ago.Ask for help. Dont tough it out yourself. I learned this lesson early in my life.Translate the following passage into English. Answers for reference:Human beings l

15、ive in the realm of nature. They are not only dwellers in nature, but also transformers of it. With the development of society and its economy, people tend to become less dependent on nature directly, but indirectly their dependence grows.Human beings are connected with nature by“ blood ” ties. No o

16、ne can live outside nature.However, the previous dynamic balance between man and nature has shown signs of breaking down. Problems such as the population explosion, ecological imbalance and the shortage of natural resources have become major factors keeping human society from being further developed

17、.Professor Spirkin holds that the only choice for human beings is the wise organization of production and care for Mother Nature.Theme-Related Writing Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic “My Understanding of Environmental Protection . Y”our writing should cover the following points

18、:the relationship between man and the environmentthe urgency of environmental protectionways to protect the environment Sample essayMy Understanding of Environmental ProtectionMan and the environment are closely related. Man relies on the environment for water, food and shelter. A harmonious relatio

19、nship between man and the environment is essential for human survival on the earth.However, man and the environment have never been on such bad terms as they are now. As society develops, man str ansformation of nature has severely polluted his living environment. Deforestation leads to changes in r

20、ainfall patterns, causing devastating floods, droughts and sandstorms. The discharge of chemical pollutants endangers our health and the lives of other beings. And mass production has resulted in the shortage of irreplaceable natural resources such as coal and oil. If we take no immediate and effect

21、ive steps to protect our environment, human beings may be the next species to become extinct.We should do our best to protect our environment by plantingmore trees, taking care ofwildlife, reducing industrial wastes, using renewable energy, and imposing heavy fines on environmentally -unfriendly act

22、ivities, so as to preserve the environment for future generations.(167 words)Unit TwoMan and TechnologyEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action Working with Words and ExpressionsIn the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Ch

23、ange the form where necessary. Answers:productivityphenomenonisolation精选7) are better off精选4)gradual5)opponent6)advent7)genetic8)universal9)extreme10)nasty11)boom12)formal13)survey14)Similarly15)modify16)roughIn the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understa

24、nd their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank -filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. Answers:at the same timeare stuck withfor certainmake no differenceon averagewhen it comes tobuilt intocome to mindclose toin favor of I

25、ncreasing Your Word Power1. You will read six pairs of words which are similar in meaning but are different in usage.Reflect on the differences in usage between the words in each group and fill in each blank with a proper one. Change the form if necessary. Answers:1)exterior2)external3)delightful4)p

26、leasant5)separate6)isolate7)company8)companion9)acquire10)learn11)ripe12)mature5) analysis精选2. Fill in each blank with one of the words listed below in the appropriate form, paying special attention to the meaning and spelling. Answers:acceptoppressionlossexcerptsdepressionlooseexceptexpectationslos

27、esuppressWords that come from the same root may be said to belong to the same family. Getting acquainted with each member of the family is a sure way to increase your word power. Now complete the following table with words of the same family. You may consult a dictionary if necessary. Answers:techno

28、logyeternitymiraclerelevance6) luxurious2) You will have to attend the commencement whether you are free or busy.精选7)leisurely / leisured8)subjective9)prosperous10) innovativeGRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1: Complete the following sentences with appropriate connectives listed in the following table. Answer

29、s:WhateverAlthough / ThoughwhereasHoweverthough / althoughGranted / Granting thatasWhileTask 2: Translate the following sentences into English. Answers for reference:Though it was raining hard, yet they went on playing football.精选11) entitled精选She leaves her bedroom windows open, however cold it is.

30、We will make a trip even if / though the weather is bad.No matter who / Whoever you are, you must abide by the law.Difficult as the job was, they decided to accept it.No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks I m wrong.She seems to have a ready answer, whenever / no matter when I ask he

31、r a question.ClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given. Answers:emphasizeoppositeimprovedluxuriesbenefitedobviouslyconsciouslyfractureseternalgroundbreakingcorrelationdependsexclusivelyTranslationTranslate the following sentences into E

32、nglish, using the words and expressions given in brackets. Answers for reference:He really knows a lot about theory, but when it comes to actualwork, he seems to be quiteignorant.The latest survey shows /showed that the majority of the citizens support / supported the government s plan to build a ne

33、w library.The two countries could reach agreement successfully on scientific and technological cooperation because several factors favorable to their cooperation had been at work.I saw the film when I was in the primary school, but the title just wonto mind for the t comemoment.He has been stuck wit

34、h heavy debt though he works about twelve hours every day on average.Is it necessary to know his height? To me, it is not relevant to whether he can be a good lawyer or not.The cupboard is built into the wall so that it both saves space and is convenient to use.These workers earn more than we do, bu

35、t the other side of the coin is that their job is more dangerous.Helen majors in economics at the university and at the same time she studies philosophy as her second major.What is most important is that you must find out and solve the problems by yourselves. It makes no difference whether I go ther

36、e or not.Translate the following passage into English. Answers for reference:s life expectNowadays, many people are enjoying the benefits brought about by material and technological advances unimaginable in previous eras. With the development of science and technology, people s standard of living is

37、 getting higher and higher. Peoplesoared, too.However, oddly enough, many people do not feel happier than they used to be. It can be seen that there is no close correlation between people insc ome and their happiness. Happiness cannot, after all, be bought with money.Although the majority of people

38、are not very satisfied with their lives, they are happy to be alive, and the more time they live on earth, the better off they feel they blle . What is important is that material wealth is far from enough. People need spiritual happiness, too.Theme -Related WritingWrite an essay of no less than 150

39、words about a technological invention. Your writing should cover the following points:a brief description of the inventionthe positive impact of the invention on people s lifethe negative impact of the invention on people s lifeyour opinion Sample essay:The Impact of the Mobile Phone on People s Liv

40、esAmong the many technological inventions, the mobile phone impresses me most.The mobile phone brings considerable convenience to our lives. It not only enables us to keep in touch with each other almost anytime and anywhere but also helps us solve problems or do business efficiently. In emergencies

41、, a mobile phone can even be a life-saver. Besides, its multi -functions add ease and color to our lives. With a mobile phone, we can receive mail, read news, listen to music, play games, and take pictures.Yet, the mobile phone has its disadvantages, too. Most of us have experienced the nuisance of

42、unwanted or wrong calls. We are inconvenienced by calls on occasions when we least expect one. Besides, the technology infrastructure to support mobile communication has consumed valuable natural resources and caused significant environmental problems. It is reported that electromagnetic radiation w

43、aves from the phone may result in health problems.Despite its negative side, the advantages of the mobile phone outweigh its disadvantages. I believe that with advances in science and technology, improved and safer models of mobile phones will surely serve us still better. (184 words)Unit ThreeFame

44、and SuccessEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions1. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. Answers:1) fortune2) dull3) chased4) launched5) accompanied

45、6) intrinsic7) ranks8) publicity9) sufficiently10) image11) target12) transform13) temporarily14) cover15) bored16) audiences 17) regard18) acknowledged19) predict2. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentenceswith them. Change the form where necessary

46、. Answers:1) thrown out2) and so on3) for dear life4) set their sights on5) was tired of6) turn away7) hang on8) in his presence9) live with10) nothing but11) for good12) set out13) What if14) tire of Increasing Your Word Power1. Study the following usage notes about the verbs in the box.Now complet

47、e each of the following sentences with the most appropriate word from the abovebox. Answers:1) grasped2) was snatched3) Clasping 4) Catch 5) seized6) gripped7) grabbed8) clutch2. The following table shows some typical verb + noun collocations, as indicated by the symbol Examine the table carefully a

48、nd then fill in each blank in the following sentences with a suitable verb from the table. Answers:reached / secured 2) achieved/ attained 3) attained / reachedreach / secure5) achieved / realized/ fulfilled6) fulfill / meet / satisfyFill in the blanks in Column B with an adjective in Text A. The ta

49、rget adjective must be opposite in meaning to the one in Column A and must form a correct collocation with the noun in Column C. Answers:dull 2) competitive 3) same 4) momentary 5) specific 6) sufficient 7) cruel 8) humblefamous 10) reasonableGrammar in context1. Study the following sentences and po

50、int out the grammatical function of each of the infinitive phrases. Answers:1) (real) subject2) object complement3) object4) adverbial of purpose5) adverbial of purpose6) object to the verb“ make”7) adverbial of result8) subject, predicate9) attributive modifying“ ways ”predicate2. Complete the foll

51、owing sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets into English. Answers:1) To become a famous writerto take traveler s checksto employ a young engineertake the machine apartTo understand the situation completelyto rise higher in positionto find that the train had left 10 minutes beforeto apply

52、for a known job openingto make troubleTo be more exactClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given. Answers:1) chase2) reputation3) dedicate / devote4) reward5) sufficiently6) measured7) assure8) Momentary9) celebrity10) target11) frank12)

53、 liberty13) illusory14) regardTranslation1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets. Answers for reference:1) He attempted to save the enterprise which was on the verge of collapse but failed.The president has announced that he will not seek

54、re -election at the end of his first term.The young teacher is skilled at motivating his students to study hard.She loves giving parties and does so whenever she can find an excuse.I m afraid that you ll have to compete with at least fifty people for an administrative post inthis company.One of the

55、main reasons why they have messed up their lives is that they did not have a good school education when young.Mary is already famous, but she is not happy at all because she bse en obsessed with thoughts of becoming even more famous.With the development of science and technology, people now can have

56、 easy access to educational, medical and many other kinds of information.The company isn vestment ended in failure due to the wrong strategic decisions of the general manager and so the board of directors decided to throw him out.I know you are tired but try to hang on a little bit longer. We will r

57、each the peak in half an hour.2. Translate the following passage into English. Answers for reference:Many people want to be famous because fame can bring them both honor and respect from the public. In most cases, fame can also help them gain wealth. But, after all, very few people can really become

58、 famous while most people, including most artists, are unlikely to become famous.It is true that some failure for some people at certain times in their lives does motivate them to strive even harder so as to achieve final success. For example, Thomas Edison, the famous American inventor, had tried h

59、undreds of materials before he finally found the suitable fuse for the electric bulb. However, unfortunately, for most people failure is the end of their struggle.Therefore, in my opinion, success is one thing and fame is another. As long as you have tried your best, you re already successful whethe

60、r you are famous or not.Theme-Related WritingWrite a composition of no less than 150 words on the topicFame Good or “Evil? ” . Your papershould cover the following points:1) the advantages of being famousthe disadvantages of being famousyour attitude towards fameSample essay:Fame Good or Evil?Fame h