基于单片机串口通信的上位机和下位机实践

1、基于单片机用口通信的上位机和下位机实践串口是计算机上一种非常通用设备通信的协议（不要与通用串行总线UniversalSerial Bus或者USgg淆）。大多数计算机包含两个基于 RS23加用口。串口同时也是仪器 仪表设备通用的通信协议；很多 GPIBt容的设备也带有RS-232口。同时，串口通信协议也 可以用于获取远程采集设备的数据。串口通信的概念非常简单，串口按位（ bit ）发送和接收字节。尽管比按字节 （byte）的并行通信慢，但是用口可以在使用一根线发送数据的同时用另一根线接收数据。它很简单并且能够实现远距离通信。比如 IEEE488t义并行通行状态时，规定设备线 总常不得超过20米

2、，并且任意两个设备间的长度不得超过 2米；而对于串口而言，长度可达120耶。首先亮出C#勺源程序吧。主要界面：只是作为简单的运用，可以扩展的。源代码：using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Text;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.IO.Ports;using System.Timers;namespace单片机功能控制public pa

3、rtial class Form1 : Formpublic Form1()InitializeComponent();SerialPort sp = new SerialPort();用口号private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)String str1 = comboBox1.Text;/String str2 = comboBox2.Text;/String str3 = comboBox3.Text;/String str4 = comboBox5.Text;/String str5 = comboBox4.Text;/

4、 Int32 int2 = Convert.ToInt32(str2);/Int32 int5 = Convert.ToInt32(str5);/ groupBox3.Enabled = true;/LED try if (button1.Text =if (str1 = null)MessageBox.Show(波特率校验位停止位数据位将字符串转为整型将字符串转为整型控制界面变可选打开串口 )请先选择串口！ , Error);return;sp.Close();串口编号sp = new SerialPort();sp.PortName = comboBoxl.Text;/sp.BaudRat

5、e = int2;/波特率switch (str4)/停止位 _ _ _ IM II.case 1 :sp.StopBits = StopBits.One;break;case 1.5:sp.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;break;case 2:sp.StopBits = StopBits.Two;break;default:MessageBox.Show(Error:参数不正确, Error);break;)switch (str3)case NONE:sp.Parity = Parity.None; break;case ODD:sp.Parity =

6、 Parity.Odd; break;case EVEN:sp.Parity = Parity.Even; break;default:MessageBox.Show(Error:参数不正确, Error);break;)sp.DataBits = int5;/数据位sp.Parity = Parity.Even;/设置串口属性sp.Open();/打开串口buttonl.Text =关闭串 口；textBoxl.Text = Convert.ToString(sp.PortName) + elsesp.Close();button1.Text =打开串口 ;groupBox3.Enabled

7、 = false;/LED控制界面变灰色textBox1.Text = Convert.ToString(sp.PortName) + catch (Exception er)已开启!已关闭!MessageBox.Show(Error: + er.Message, Error);return;)private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)(/ 初始化textBox1.Text =欢迎使用简易的串口助手！;groupBox3.Enabled = false;/LED控制界面变灰色groupBox6.Enabled = false;grou

8、pBox7.Enabled = false;groupBox8.Enabled = false;button3.Enabled = false;button6.Enabled = false;timer1.Start();tryforeach(string comin System.IO.Ports.SerialPort.GetPortNames()/自动获取串行口名称boBox1.Items.Add(com);/默认设置comboBox1.SelectedIndex = 0;/选择第一个comncomboBox2.SelectedIndex =4;/波特率4800comboBox3.Sele

9、ctedIndex = 0;/校验位NONEcomboBox4.SelectedIndex = 0;/停止位为1comboBox5.SelectedIndex =0;/数据位为8catchMessageBox.Show(找不到通讯端口！,用口调试助手)private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)label6.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString();)private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)try if (button2.Text =开启)grou

10、pBox6.Enabled = true;radioButton1.Checked = false;radioButton2.Checked = false;radioButton3.Checked = false;radioButton4.Checked = false;checkBox1.Checked = false;checkBox2.Checked = false;checkBox3.Checked = false;checkBox4.Checked = false;checkBox5.Checked = false;checkBox6.Checked = false;checkBo

11、x7.Checked = false;checkBox8.Checked = false;button3.Enabled = true;textBox2.Text = String.Empty;button2.Text =关闭;elsegroupBox6.Enabled = false;button3.Enabled = false;button2.Text =开启;textBox2.Text = String.Empty;catch (Exception er)(MessageBox.Show(Error: + er.Message, Error); return; private void

12、 button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) (groupBox6.Enabled = true;label7.Text =已发送;if (textBox2.Text =)MessageBox.Show( 发送失败，请选择发送的数据！); else sp.WriteLine(textBox2.Text);/往用 口 写数据private void checkBox1_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)try (if (checkBoxl.Checked)(checkBoxl.Checked = true;

13、checkBox2.Checked = false;checkBox3.Checked = false;checkBox4.Checked = false;checkBox5.Checked = false;checkBox6.Checked = false;checkBox7.Checked = false;checkBox8.Checked = false;label7.Text =准备发送textBox2.Text = 1;catch (Exception er)(MessageBox.Show(Error: + er.Message, Error);return;private voi

14、d checkBox2_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)(try (if (checkBox2.Checked)(checkBox1.Checked = false;checkBox2.Checked = true;checkBox3.Checked = false;checkBox4.Checked = false;checkBox5.Checked = false;checkBox6.Checked = false;checkBox7.Checked = false;checkBox8.Checked = false;label7.Tex

15、t =准备发送;textBox2.Text = 2;radioButton1.Checked = false;radioButton2.Checked = false;radioButton3.Checked = false;radioButton4.Checked = false;catch (Exception er)MessageBox.Show(Error: + er.Message, Error);return;private void checkBox3_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)(try(if (checkBox3.Che

16、cked)(checkBox1.Checked = false;checkBox2.Checked = false;checkBox3.Checked = true;checkBox4.Checked = false;checkBox5.Checked = false;checkBox6.Checked = false;checkBox7.Checked = false;checkBox8.Checked = false;radioButton1.Checked = false;radioButton2.Checked = false;radioButton3.Checked = false;

17、radioButton4.Checked = false;label7.Text =准备发送;textBox2.Text = 3;catch (Exception er)MessageBox.Show(Error: + er.Message, Error);return;private void checkBox4_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)tryif (checkBox4.Checked)(checkBoxl.Checked = false;checkBox2.Checked = false;checkBox3.Checked = f

18、alse;checkBox4.Checked = true;checkBox5.Checked = false;checkBox6.Checked = false;checkBox7.Checked = false;checkBox8.Checked = false;radioButton1.Checked = false;radioButton2.Checked = false;radioButton3.Checked = false;radioButton4.Checked = false;label7.Text =准备发送;textBox2.Text = 4;)catch (Except

19、ion er)(MessageBox.Show(Error: + er.Message, Error);return;)private void checkBox5_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)(try(if (checkBox5.Checked)(checkBox1.Checked = false;checkBox2.Checked = false;checkBox3.Checked = false;checkBox4.Checked = false;checkBox5.Checked = true;checkBox6.Checked

20、= false;checkBox7.Checked = false;checkBox8.Checked = false;radioButton1.Checked = false;radioButton2.Checked = false;radioButton3.Checked = false;radioButton4.Checked = false;label7.Text =准备发送textBox2.Text = 5;catch (Exception er)MessageBox.Show(Error: + er.Message, Error);return;)private void chec

21、kBox6_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)(try(if (checkBox6.Checked)(checkBox1.Checked = false;checkBox2.Checked = false;checkBox3.Checked = false;checkBox4.Checked = false;checkBox5.Checked = false;checkBox6.Checked = true;checkBox7.Checked = false;checkBox8.Checked = false;radioButtonl.Chec

22、ked = false;radioButton2.Checked = false;radioButton3.Checked = false;radioButton4.Checked = false;label7.Text =准备发送;textBox2.Text = 6;catch (Exception er)MessageBox.Show(Error: + er.Message, Error);return;private void checkBox7_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)(try(if (checkBox7.Checked)(c

23、heckBox1.Checked = false;checkBox2.Checked = false;checkBox3.Checked = false;checkBox4.Checked = false;checkBox5.Checked = false;checkBox6.Checked = false;checkBox7.Checked = true;checkBox8.Checked = false;radioButton1.Checked = false;radioButton2.Checked = false;radioButton3.Checked = false;radioBu

24、tton4.Checked = false;label7.Text =准备发送;textBox2.Text = 7;catch (Exception er)MessageBox.Show(Error: + er.Message, Error);return;private void checkBox8_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)tryif (checkBox8.Checked)(checkBoxl.Checked = false;checkBox2.Checked = false;checkBox3.Checked = false;ch

25、eckBox4.Checked = false;checkBox5.Checked = false;checkBox6.Checked = false;checkBox7.Checked = false;checkBox8.Checked = true;radioButton1.Checked = false;radioButton2.Checked = false;radioButton3.Checked = false;radioButton4.Checked = false;label7.Text =准备发送;textBox2.Text = 8;)catch (Exception er)

26、(MessageBox.Show(Error: + er.Message, Error);return;)private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)(try(if (button5.Text =开启)(radioButton1.Checked = false;radioButton2.Checked = false;radioButton3.Checked = false;radioButton4.Checked = false;checkBox1.Checked = false;checkBox2.Checked = fals

27、e;checkBox3.Checked = false;checkBox4.Checked = false;checkBox5.Checked = false;checkBox6.Checked = false;checkBox7.Checked = false;checkBox8.Checked = false;groupBox7.Enabled = true;button6.Enabled = true;textBox2.Text = String.Empty;button5.Text =关闭;else(groupBox7.Enabled = false;button6.Enabled =

28、 false;button5.Text =开启;textBox2.Text = String.Empty;catch (Exception er)(MessageBox.Show(Error: + er.Message, Error);return;private void button6_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)label7.Text =if (textBox2.Text =)MessageBox.Show( 发送失败。请选择发送的数据！);elsesp.WriteLine(textBox2.Text);/往用 口 写数据private void r

29、adioButton1_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)tryif (radioButton1.Checked)label7.Text =准备发送;textBox2.Text = 9;checkBox1.Checked = false;checkBox2.Checked = false;checkBox3.Checked = false;checkBox4.Checked = false;checkBox5.Checked = false;checkBox6.Checked = false;checkBox7.Checked = false;

30、checkBox8.Checked = false;catch (Exception er)MessageBox.Show(Error: + er.Message, Error);return;private void radioButton2_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)try(if (radioButton2.Checked)(label7.Text =准备发送textBox2.Text = a;checkBox1.Checked = false;checkBox2.Checked = false;checkBox3.Checked

31、= false;checkBox4.Checked = false;checkBox5.Checked = false;checkBox6.Checked = false;checkBox7.Checked = false;checkBox8.Checked = false;catch (Exception er)(MessageBox.Show(Error: + er.Message, Error);return;private void radioButton3_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)(try(if (radioButton3.

32、Checked)(label7.Text =准备发送;textBox2.Text = b;checkBox1.Checked = false;checkBox2.Checked = false;checkBox3.Checked = false;checkBox4.Checked = false;checkBox5.Checked = false;checkBox6.Checked = false;checkBox7.Checked = false;checkBox8.Checked = false;catch (Exception er)MessageBox.Show(Error: + er

33、.Message, Error);return;private void radioButton4_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)try(if (radioButton4.Checked)(label7.Text =准备发送textBox2.Text = c;checkBox1.Checked = false;checkBox2.Checked = false;checkBox3.Checked = false;checkBox4.Checked = false;checkBox5.Checked = false;checkBox6.Che

34、cked = false;checkBox7.Checked = false;checkBox8.Checked = false;catch (Exception er)(MessageBox.Show(Error: + er.Message, Error);return;下位机程序：#include #include #include #define uchar unsigned char /宏定义#define uint unsigned int/ 宏定义uchar b;/用来接收数据存储uchar j=0;uint i=0;/用来判断相应的子程序uchar LED1= 0 xfe;/作为

35、流水灯的开始uchar LED2=0Xfe;uchar LED3 = 0 xfE;uchar LED4=0XFF;/作为跑马灯的开始/作为二进制加法灯的开始/作为花样灯的开始uchar code table=0 xff,/ 全灭0 xfe,0 xfd,0 xfb,0 xf7,0 xef,0 xdf,0 xbf,0 x7f,依次逐个点亮依次逐个递减0 xfe,0 xfc,0 xf8,0 xf0,0 xe0,0 xc0,0 x80,0 x00,/ 依次逐个叠力口0 x80,0 xc0,0 xe0,0 xf0,0 xf8,0 xfc,0 xfe,0 xff,/0 x7e,0 xbd,0 xdb,0

36、xe7,0 xe7,0 xdb,0 xbd,0 x7e,/两边靠拢后分开0 x7e,0 x3c,0 x18,0 x00,0 x00,0 x18,0 x3c,0 x7e,/两边叠力口后递减0 x00;/ 全亮void delay(void);/延时函数的声明void liushuideng(void);/流水灯的声明void paomadeng(void);/跑马灯的声明void huayangdeng(void);/花样灯的声明void erjinzhideng(void); /void xianshi(uint j);void init(void);/void main (void)init

37、();/while(1)xianshi(i);void init(void)二进制加法灯的声明/显小程序初始化函数初始化/显示/初始化函数的定义SCON = 0 x50;/REN=1允许申行接受状态，串口工作模式1TMOD|= 0 x20;/定时器工作方式2、数据位8、停PCON|= 0 x80;/TH1 = 0 xFD; /baud*2 /* reload value 19200止位1。效验位无（11.0592）TH1 = 0 xF3;/baud*2 /*波特率 4800、数据位 8、停止位 1。效验位无（12M）TL1 = 0 xF3;TR1 = 1;/开启定时器PS=1;/把用口中断的优先级设为最高ES = 1;/开用口中断EA = 1;/开总中断/ IE