中考语法专题九被动语态

1、专题九被动语态学前自测（发现考点）()1.Dontworry.Yourpackage_hereuntilyoucomeback,soenjoyshoppinghere.A.haskeptB.willkeepC.hasbeenkeptD.willbekept()2.John_tocometotheteachersofficejustnow.Hemaybeintrouble.A.wastoldB.toldC.hastoldD.tells()3.IhaventseenJohnformanyyears.Howshegoing?Hebrokethelawand_toprison2yearsago.A.h

2、assentB.weresentC.wassentD.wassending()4.Whereareyourdogs,Mickey?Thedogs_tothepetcentrelastweek.A.issentB.wassentC.aresentD.weresent()5.Somebeautifulflowers_toherdaughteronherlastbirthday.A.aregivenB.aregivingC.weregivenD.weregiving()6.Itsdifficultforthevillagechildrentocrosstherivertoschool.Iagreew

3、ithyou.Ithinkabridge_overtheriver.A.willbuildB.isbuiltC.shouldbebuiltD.wasbuilt()7.MrGreen_2minutestothinkaboutthefinaldecision.A.givesB.gaveC.wasgivenD.willgive()8.Sandy_tobehard-workingbyherparents.SoamI.A.asksB.isaskingC.askedD.isasked()9.Iwonderifthetalentshow_nextmonth.Ifthey_it,Imustgetreadyfo

4、rit.A.willhold;holdC.willbeheld;holdB.willhold;willholdD.isheld;willhold()10.Thegarden_whiletheGreenswereawayfromhome.A.tookgoodcareofC.takengoodcareofB.wastakengoodcareofD.wastakinggoodcare常考考点知识清单（研习考点）英语动词有主动语态和被动语态之分。主动语态的句子中主语是动作的执行者,而被动语态的句子中主语是动词的承受者。只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语动词,才能构成被动语态。考点一各种时态被动语态的构

5、成时态一般现在时一般过去时被动语态构成is/am/are+donewas/were+done例句Theclassroomiscleanedeveryday.教室每天被打扫。Thedumplingsweremadeyesterday.饺子是昨天包的。第1页共4页现在进行时过去完成时is/am/are+being+donehad+been+doneTheroomisbeingcleanednow.现在房间正在被打扫。Thetworoadshadbeenbuiltbytheendoflastmonth.到上个月末为止,两条公路被建成了。一般将来时shall/will+be+doneAnewhospi

6、talwillbebuiltnextyear.明年一个新的医院将被建成。过去将来时should/would+be+doneMikesaidanewfilmwouldbeshown.迈克说一部新电影将上映。含有情态动词情态动词+be+doneTheworkmustbefinishedontime.必须按时完成这项工作。考点二被动语态的用法1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.昨晚一些新电脑被偷了。2.强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。Thehomeworkmustbehandedinontime.作业必须按时交上来

7、。3.说话或发表意见时,为了显得客观公正,也常用被动语态。常用句型:Itissaidthat据说Itisreportedthat据报道Itishopedthat希望Itisbelievedthat人们相信考点三主动语态转化为被动语态的方法1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2.把谓语动词变为被动结构(be+过去分词),注意虽然其人称和数随主语的变化而变化,但动词的时态保持不变。3.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,若主语是人称代词,则把主格变为宾语(by短语可以省略)。考点四被动语态的几种特殊情况1.make,see,watch,hear,notice,feel等使役动词和感官动词

8、在主动语态中与省略to的动词不定式连用,但变为被动语态时,必须还原to。Ioftenseetheoldmanruninthemorning.我经常看到这位老人在早上跑步。Theoldmanisoftenseentoruninthemorning.这位老人经常被看见在早上跑步。2.一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应视为一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。Thelittledogmustbelookedafterwell.这条小狗必须被好好照顾。考点五主动语态表被动意义的几种情况1.不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态。常见的动词是:cut,sell,read,write,fill

9、,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep等。第2页共4页Thebookssellwell.这些书卖得很好。2.系动词无被动语态。Theapplestastenice.苹果尝起来很好吃。3.不定式在某些形容词之后,且与主语有动宾关系。Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.这个问题是很难回答的。4.“have/get+宾语+过去分词”这个结构也表达了一种被动的意思。Illhavethebikerepairedsoon.我将尽快请人修理这辆自行车。5.在need后面,主动的-ing形式表达被动的意思。Yourvegetablesneedwatering.你的蔬菜需

10、要浇水了。巧记:被动语态强调宾(语),用be加上过去分(词),行为对象作主语,逻辑主语by来引。巩固训练（夯实基础）一、单项选择()1.HowdoyoulikethesoccergamelastTuesday?Oh,itwassurprising.Thestrongestteamofourschool_.A.wasbeatenB.wonC.beatenD.isbeaten()2.Canyougooutnow?No.Icantgooutuntilmyhomework_.A.finishesB.isfinishedC.hasfinishedD.finished()3.Theleadersaidth

11、atmuchattentionmust_thesedetails.A.payB.bepaidC.paytoD.bepaidto()4.Thekitchen_now.Butwho_it?A.wasbeingcleaned;wascleaningC.isbeingcleaned;iscleaningB.iscleaned;cleanedD.wascleaned;cleaned()5.Theoldmanisseen_everymorning.Soheis.A.runningB.runC.torunD.ran()6.MrsGreen,yourvegetablesneed_.Iknow.A.towate

12、rB.beingwaterC.wateringD.watered()7.Thetallestbuilding_bytheendoflastmonth.Thatsgoodnews.A.hasbeenbuiltB.hadbeenbuiltC.wasbuiltD.werebuilt()8.Thebooksshould_tothelibraryontime.Allright.A.begotB.sendC.givebackD.bereturned()9.WhatdidTomsayjustnow?Hesaidthatanewfilm_thenextday.A.isshownB.shownC.wouldbe

13、shownD.willbeshown第3页共4页()10.I_togooutatnight.Thatsastrictrule.A.amallowedB.amnotallowedC.allowD.wasnotallowed二、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.Anewinternationalairport_(complete)inthecitynextyear.2.Whosthelittlegirlinthephoto,Laura?Itsme.Thisphoto_(take)whenIwasfive.3.Theweathermansaysarainshower_(expect)thisafterno

14、oninthesouth.4.People,especiallytheyoung,_(easilyinfluence)bytheirfriends.5.Thegame_(play)nextmonth.6.DrBethune_(stillremember)inbothChinaandCanadatoday.7.Lookatthetreesonbothsidesofthestreets.They_(plant)lastspring.8.Paper-making_(invent)bytheChineseintheWesternHandynasty.9.Youneedntthrowitaway.Itcan_(recycle).10.WeChinese_(encourage)bythetouchingdoc