北京市丰台区2018届高三统测(二模)英语试题

1、(圆满版)北京市丰台区2018届高三统测(二模)英语试题(圆满版)北京市丰台区2018届高三统测(二模)英语试题8/8(圆满版)北京市丰台区2018届高三统测(二模)英语试题北京市丰台区2018届高三统测(二模)英语试题2018.5笔试（共三部分120分）第一部分知识运用（共两节45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能够填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡大将该项涂黑。1.Aheavysandstormisgoingtoenvelopourcity.Itisunwisetohaveyourcar.A.washB.washedC.wash

2、ingD.towash2.WuLeiistheonlyChineseplayerhasmadeitontothelatestWorldSoccer500list.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom3.Yourdonationgreatlyappreciatedandthemoneywillbeusedtohelpthestudentsfrompoorfamilies.A.hasbeenB.isC.wasD.hadbeen4.Evenasmallpersonalcomputerstorevastamountsofinformation.A.mightB.canC.oughttoD

3、.hasto5.Wepackedallthehooksinwoodenboxessothattheydamaged.A.dontgetB.wontgetC.didntgetD.wouldntget6.Itisnotsurprisingthenewcourseonelectronicgameshasattractedmanystudents.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where7.basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.A.KnownB.HavingknownC.KnowingD.Beingkn

4、own8.Didyourfatherenjoyseeinghisoldfriendsyesterday?Yes,hedid.Theyeachotherforages.A.didntseeB.wouldntseeC.haventseenD.hadntseen9.CouldyoucheckmylisttosecIhaveforgottenanything?Noproblem.A.whetherB.whichC.thatD.what10.Someonecalledmeupatmidnight,buthehadhungupIcouldanswerthephone.A.asB.sinceC.untilD

5、.before11.Weclimbeduptothetopofahill,wegotagoodviewofthewholeforestpark.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.that12.Beijingsnewinternationalairportintooperationin2019willserve72millionpassengersannually.A.beingputB.tobeputC.putD.toput13.Shedoesntspeakourlanguage,sheseemstounderstandwhatwesay.A.yetB.andC.orD.so14.D

6、aviddidntattendhisdaughtersgraduationceremony,buthedoeswishthere.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.hadbeenD.were15.Whatisyourmainreasonforchoosingonerestaurantanother?A.overB.ofC.fromD.for第二节完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，共30分）阅读下边短文，掌握其粗心，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡大将该项涂黑。AGoodManItsalateSaturdayafternooninearlyMarch,a

7、ndIamsweatinginsearchoftheonlygiftmysonwantsfromLosAngeles:a16tothehomesofthestarssuchasBradPittandJetLi.Acheerfultaxidriversays,“Noproblem.Mapsellersareeverywhere!”Whenthetaxistopafellow17withathinfoldedsheetandsays:.”“TendollarsTendollars!Withabsolute18,Iinformhim,“Thatstoomuch.”ThemapImanleaves.b

8、eginwalking,certainIllfinda(an)19starmapsoon.Iam20.Thereshardlyanybodyonthestreet.Theredontseemtobemanyrealstores,justcarsandbars.Nomaps.Nostars.Blockspass.Thesunbeginstosink.AttheedgeofWestHollywood,21fellowwandersahead,sellingstarmapstosometeenagegirls.Tendollars22.Forgetit.Mysonwill23.Thatnight,I

9、callmywife.“Didyougetoneofthosemapstothestars?Hesbeentalkabout24else.”This25ishardtoignore,Itslate-night.Atmarkets:allnomaps.Iheadbacktothehotel.Morningiscoming.Therewillbeonelast26.AfterIcheckout,Itakeataxi.Butatnineinthemorning,mapsellersare27tobefound.“Youknow,”saysdrivther,“Theguyswiththemapsjus

10、tinatupyet!”Hesright.“Forgetit.Letsgotothe.”airport“Well,”saysthedriver,28“Icouldyouoneifyoulike.”Sure.Trustthisguy?Imightaswellthrowcashontothefreeway.Butexitingthetaxi,I29mylastchance.Ihandhim$13andmybusinesscard.Threeweekspass.I30onthestarvemap.Mysonhasstoppedmentioningit.Thenoneafternoon,stickin

11、goutfromunderpilesofflyers,thereitis:abigwhiteenvelope.Thereisasmallnote.Icanhardlyreadit,31Imakeoutafewphrases一“forgive32,”“taxisbeendown”and,finally,“here.”smapThereforyoursnsonreturnaddress.Itssigned,“kindregards,M.”Iholdthenoteinmyhand,33whatmysonsaidtomewhenIgotbackfromLosAngeles.“Didyoumeetany

12、34,Dad?”heasked.NowIknowwhattotellhim.“Yes,Idid.ImetaguynamedM.”Ifyounever35anybody,youllneverfindthegoodguys.16.A.decorationB.mapC.bookD.symbol17.A.arguesB.requestsC.competesD.approaches18.A.assuranceB.permissionC.anxietyD.bargain19.A.perfectB.inexpensiveC.properD.detailed20.A.shockedB.confusedC.im

13、patientD.wrong21.A.oneB.someC.anotherD.either22.A.stillB.evenC.almostD.yet23.A.believeB.regretC.understandD.admit24.A.anythingB.everythingC.somethingD.nothing25.A.ideaB.newsC.changeD.reason26.A.tryB.journeyC.actionD.minute27.A.everywhereB.somewhereC.anywhereD.nowhere28.A.giveB.mailC.showD.spare29.A.

14、createB.recognizeC.deserveD.blow30.A.givenupB.throwndoubtsC.refusedoffersD.droppedin31.A.andB.orC.butD.for32.A.faultB.delayC.carelessnessD.rudeness33.k.rememberingB.remindingC.reviewingD.realizing34.A.admirersB.friendsC.starsD.heroes35.A.lookuptoB.turntoC.havefaithinD.agreewith第二部分阅读理解（共两节40分）第一节（共1

15、5小题；每题2分，共30分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡大将该项涂黑。AClimbingWithoutRopesThepopularimageofthemountainclimberisofapersoncarefullyclimbingasteepcliffwithanetworkofsafetyropes,butitisnottheonlykind.Manyclimbersnowenjoybouldering.Itsmoreaccessibleandbetterfortheenvironment.Whatisbouldering?Bould

16、eringisasportthatinvolvesclimbingon,over,andaroundbouldersuptoapproximatelytwentyfeetabovetheground.Participantsemploynosafetyropes.Whyboulder?improveyourclimbingskillsbyfocusingonbasicsplacestoclimb,suchasclimbingwallsatgymsandparks,easytofindlesstimecommitmenttoboulderingthantomountainclimbinginte

17、llectualandphysicalenjoymentasonesolvesBoulderingTermscrimp:averysmallhandholdfoothold:aplacewhereonemayplaceafoottoaidinclimbingboulderjug:averylargehandholdthatiseasytouseproblem:Thepathupaboulderisreferredtoasthe“problemthat”onemustsolve.The“solutioproblemsisthesequenceofmovesonemakesupandoverabo

18、ulder.Hereisanexampleofaclimberaddressingaboulderingproblem.Figure1:Theclimberhastworoutesshecouldtake,onetotheleftandonetotheright.Theleftoneappearseasierbecauseithasajugwithineasyreach,butlookwhathappensifshechoosesthatdirection.Shegetsstuckontherockandhastogobackdown.Sometimesthatisevenmorediffic

19、ultthangoingup.Figure2:Theclimbertakestheonetotherightthistime.Usingafootholdandplacingherrighthandinacrimp,sheisabletoliftherselfupandlocateotherhandholds.Afteronlyafewmoves,sheisabletothrowherlegoverthetopoftheboulderandpullherselfup.Accordingtothepassage,boulderingA.isanindoorsportC.needsmapsande

20、quipmentBoulderingbecomespopularbecauseA.itchallengesthelimitsC.itbuildsmindsandbodiesAccordingtotheexample,therightrouteisA.ashortcutC.toughbuttothetop39.Thepassageislikelytoappearin.A.abookreviewC.anewspaperadvertisement.B.hasnosafetyprotectionD.isasteepcliffclimbing.B.itcostslessD.itisateamgame.B

21、.adeadendD.linedwithjugsB.asciencereportD.asportsmagazineBThreeFeetFromGoldDarbysunclewascaughtbythe“goldfevergold-rush”indays,theandwentwesttodigandgrowrich.Aftermonthsoflabor,hewasrewardedbythediscoveryoftheshiningore(矿石).Heneededmachinerytobringtheoretothesurface.So,withthe“strike”,hereturnedhome

22、.AndwiththehelpofDarby,heborrowedalotofmoney.Afterbuyingthemachineryandhavingitshipped,UncleandDarbywentbacktoworkthemine.Thefirstcaroforewasmined.AndthereturnsprovedtheyhadoneoftherichestminesinColorado!Downwentthedrills!UpwentthehopesofUncleandDarby!Thensomethinghappened!Thevein(矿脉)ofgoldoredisapp

23、eared!Theydrilledon,butallinvain.Finally,theydecidedtoquitandsoldthemachinerytoajunkmanforafewhundreddollars.Thejunkmancalledinaminingengineertolookatthemineanddoalittlecalculating.TheengineerscalculationsshowedthattheveinwouldbefoundjustthreefeetfromwheretheDarbyshadstoppeddrilling!Thejunkmantookmi

24、llionsofdollarsinthevein,becauseheknewenoughtoseekexpertsadvicebeforegivingup.MostofthemoneywhichwentintothemachinerywasborrowedthroughtheeffortsofDarby,whowasthenaveryyoungman.Themoneycamefromhisrelativesbecauseoftheirfaithinhim.Hepaidbackeverydollarofit,althoughhewasyearsindoingso.Longafterward,Mr

25、.Darbymadeanotherdiscoverythatdesirecanbechangedintogold.Thisdiscoverycameafterhewentintothebusinessofsellinglifeinsurance.Rememberingthathelostahugefortune,forhestoppedthreefeetfromgold,Darbyprofitedbytheexperienceinhischosenwork,sayingtohimself,“IstoppedthreefeetfromIwillgold,neverbutstopbecauseme

26、nsaynowhenIaskthemtobuyinsurance.”Darbysoldmorethanamilliondollarsinlifeinsuranceannually.Heoweshis“stickability”tothelessonhelearnedfromhis“quitability”inthegoldminingbusiness.40.Darbysunclewentbackhometo.A.receivehisrewardB.seekfinancialsupportC.lookformorehelpersD.consultanengineer41.TheDarbysfai

27、ledinminingbusinessbecauseof.A.quittingdrillingonB.thedisappearanceoftheveinC.theshortageofthemachineryD.competingagainstthejunkman42.Fromthepassage,wecanknowDarby.A.wasunabletopayoffthedebtsB.minedhisgoldfromthefailureC.learnedalessonfromsellinginsuranceD.devotedhimselftomakingnewdiscoveries43.Thea

28、uthorintendstotellusthat.A.hopesanddifficultiesexistsidebysideB.correctdecisionsstemsfromcorrectjudgementC.weshouldcatchitwhenanopportunitycomesD.wewontreachourgoalunlesswepersistCScientistssayweareallbornwithaknackformathematics.Everytimewescanthecafeteriaforatablethatwillfitallofourfriends,wereexe

29、rcisingtheancientestimationcenterinourbrain.StanislasDehaenewasthefirstresearchertoshowthatthispartofthebrainexists.In1989,hemetMr.Nwhohadsufferedaseriousbraininjury.Mr.Ncouldntrecognizethenumber5,oradd2and2.Buthestillknewthatthereare“about50minutes”inanhour.Dehaenedrewanimportantconclusionfromhisca

30、se:theremustbetwoseparatemathematicalareasinourbrains.Oneareaisresponsibleforthemathwelearninschool,andtheotherjudgesapproximateamounts.Sowhatdoesthebrainestimationcenterdoforus?HarvardUniversityresearcherElizabethSpelkehasspentalotoftimeposingmathproblemstopreschoolers.Whenheasks5-year-oldstosolvea

31、problemlike21+30,theycantdoit.Buthehasalsoaskedthemquestionssuchas,“Sarahhas21candlesandgets30more.Johnhas34candles.Whohasmorecandles?turnsoutpreschoolersaregreatatsolvingquestionslikethat.Beforetheyvelearnedhowmathwithnumeralsandsymbols,theirbrainsapproximationcentersarealreadyhardatwork.Afterwelea

32、rnsymbolicmath,dowestillhaveanyuseforourinbornmathsense?JustinHalberdaatJohnsHopkinsUniversitygaveusananswerinhisstudy.Hechallengedagroupof14-year-oldswithanapproximationtest:Thekidsstaredatacomputerscreenandsawgroupsofyellowandbluedotsflashby,tooquicklytocount.Thentheyhadtosaywhethertherehadbeenmor

33、ebluedotsoryellowdots.Theresearchersfoundthatmostwereabletoanswercorrectlywhentherewere25yellowdotsand10blueones.Whenthegroupswerecloserinsize,11yellowdotsand10blueones,fewerkidsansweredcorrectly.Thebigsurpriseinthisstudycamewhentheresearchercomparedthekidsapproximationtestscorestotheirscoresonstand

34、ardizedmathtests.Hefoundthatkidswhodidbetterontheflashingdottesthadbetterstandardizedtestscores,andviceversa(反之亦然).Itseemsthat,farfrombeingirrelevant,yourmathsensemightpredictyourabilityatformalmath.44.Fromthefirsttwostudies,wecanlearnthatestimationcenter.A.isdividedintotwoseparatemathematicalareasB

35、.canhelpfigureoutnumeralsandsymbolsproblemsC.functionsindependentlyinbothkidstsbrainsandadulWhatmostsurprisedJustininthestudyof14-year-olds?A.Thevarietyofmathabilitiesindifferentstudents.B.Thelinkbetweentechnologyskillsandestimationskills.C.Thedifficultyofthetaskasthenumberofdotsincreased.D.Theconne

36、ctionbetweenestimationskillsandformalmathability.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.BornwithaSenseofMath.B.GobeyondWhatYouCanLearn.C.SymbolicMathandEstimationMath.D.OurBrain一aBornMathematician.DThatrobots,automation,andsoftwarecanreplacepeoplemightseemobvioustoanyonewhosworkedinautomotivemanufac

37、turing.ButMITbusinessscholarsErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfeesclaimismoretroublingandcontroversial.Theybelievethatrapidtechnologicalchangehasbeendestroyingjobsfasterthanitiscreatingthem.Theybelievethattechnologyincreasesproductivityandmakessocietieswealthier,butitbecamecleartothemthatthesametechnolog

38、iesmakingmanyjobssafer,easier,andmoreproductivewerealsoreducingthedemandformanytypesofhumanworkers.TechnologiesliketheWeb,artificialintelligence,andbigdataareautomatingmanyroutinetasks.Countlesstraditionalwhite-collarjobs,suchasmanyinthepostofficeandincustomerservice,havedisappeared.Asevidence,Brynj

39、olfssonandMcAfeepointtoachartonwhichseparatelinesrepresentproductivityandtotalemploymentintheUnitedStates.ForyearsafterWorldWarII,thetwolinescloselytrackedeachother,withincreasesinjobscorrespondingtoincreasesinproductivity.Then,beginningin2000,thelinesdiverge;productivitycontinuestorisesteadily,bute

40、mploymentsuddenlyshrinks.By2011,asignificantgapappearsbetweenthetwolines,showingeconomicgrowthwithnoparallelincreaseinjobcreation.UnitedSlatesProductivityandEmploymentButarethesenewtechnologiesreallyresponsibleforadecadeoflackluster(无生气)jobgrowth?DavidAutor,aneconomistatMITwhohasstudiedtheconnection

41、sbetweenjobsandtechnology,doubtsthattechnologycouldaccountforsuchasuddenchangeintotalemployment.Moreover,healsodoubtsthatproductivityhas,infact,risensteadilyintheUnitedStatesinthepastdecade.Ifhesright,itraisesthepossibilitythatpoorjobgrowthcouldbesimplyaresultofadepressedeconomy.Thesuddenslowdowninj

42、obcreation“isabigpuzzle,”hesays,“buttheresnotalotofevidencethatitslinked.”to“computersTobesure,computertechnologiesarechangingthetypesofjobsavailable,butthatisverydifferentfromsayingtechnologyisaffectingthetotalnumberofjobs,he”adds.“Jobscanchangealotwithouttherebeinghugechangesinemploymentrates.”Law

43、renceKatz,aHarvardeconomist,saysthatwhiletechnologicalchangescanbepainfulforworkerswhoseskillsnolongermatchtheneedsofemployers,nohistoricalpatternshowstheseshiftsleadingtoanetdecreaseinjobsoveranextendedperiod.Still,Katzdoesnthenotionthatthereissomethingdifferentabouttodaydigitalstechnologies.Though

44、heexpectsthehistoricalpatterntohold,itis“genuinely,”hesays.question“Iftechnologydisruptsenough,whoknowswhatwillhappen?”47.WhichperiodonthechartstronglysupportsMcAfeesclaim?A.19471967.B.19851987.C.19972000.D.20112013.48.AccordingtoDavidAutor,thechangeinjobgrowth.A.isnotnecessarilycausedbytechnologyB.

45、resultsfromaweakeningeconomyC.hasnoconnectionwithproductivityD.affectsthecurrenttypesofjobs49.WhatisLawrenceKatzattitudestowardsthetopic?A.Optimistic.B.Defensive.C.Objective.D.Disapproving.50.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.A.showtherelationbetweenproductivityandjobcreationB.discusstheeffectoftechnol

46、ogicaladvancesonemploymentC.argueagainstthewideuseofartificialintelligenceD.explaintheimpactoftechnologiesonproductivity第二节（共5小题；每题2分，共10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为节余选项。AWonderPlantEveryrainyseason,themountaingorillas(大猩猩)ofCentralAfricamigratetothefoothillsandlowerpartsoftheVirungaMou

47、ntainstofeedonbamboo.Forthe650orsothatremaininthewild,itsavitalfoodsource51.Gorillasarenttheonlylocalskeenonbamboo.Forthepeoplenearthemountains,itasvaluablerawmaterialusedforbuildinghousesandmakinghouseholditems.Butinthepast100years,resourceshavecomeunderincreasingpressureaspopulationshaveexplodedan

48、dlargeareasofbambooforesthavebeenclearedtomakewayforfarms.Allovertheworld,therangesofmanybamboospeciesappeartobereducing,endangeringthepeopleandanimalsthatdependuponthem.AreportpublishedbytheUNEnvironmentProgrammehasrevealedjusthowprofoundourignoranceofglobalbambooresourcesis.Bambooisawonderplant.It

49、secologicalroleextendsbeyondprovidingfoodandhabitatforanimals.Bambootendstogrowinstandsmadeupofgroupsofindividualplantsthatgrowfromrootsystems.Itsextensiverootsystemsarecrucialinpreventingwaterlossandsoilerosion.53InIndia25%ofpaperproducedismadefrombamboofiber,andinBrazil,100,000hectaresofbambooareg

50、rownforitsproduction.Becauseofitsflexibilityandstrength,ithastraditionallybeenusedinconstruction.Bambooisoftentheonlyreadilyavailablerawmaterialforpeopleinmanydevelopingcountries.54RayTownsend,vicepresidentoftheBritishBambooSociety,says,“Someplantsarthreatenedbecausetheycantsurviveinthehabitattheyar

51、entstrongenoughortherearenenoughofthem,perhaps.Butbamboocantakecareofitself-itisstrongenoughtosurviveifleftalone.55”Whenforestgoes,itistransformedintosomethingelse:thereisntanywhereforestplantssuchasbambootogrowifyoucreateacattlegrassland.A.Sadly,thisisntasinglestory.B.Itisthephysicaldisturbancethat

52、isthethreattobamboo.C.Untilnow,bamboohasbeenviewedasasecond-classplant.D.Withoutit,theirchancesofsurvivalwouldbereducedsignificantly.E.Besides,bamboosmostimmediatesignificanceliesinitseconomicvalue.F.Morethanabillionpeoplerelyonbambooforeithertheirshelterorincome.G.Despitebamboosvalueineconomyandeco

53、logy,itssituationisallthemoreworrying.第三部分书面表达（共两节35分)第一节（百强校英语解析团队专供）（15分）Chris马上高中毕业，他在邮件中和你假定你是红星中学高三学生李平，你的英国笔友商讨上大学的问题。请你给Chris答复邮件，告诉他你的想法，内容包含：上大学的重要性；选择大学考虑的要素。注意：1.词数好多于50；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearChris,Yours,LiHua第二节状况作文（百强校英语解析团队专供）（20分）假定你是红星中学高二（1）班学生李华。请你依据以下四幅图的先后次序，给21世纪英文报写一封稿件，介绍上周你班同学观

54、光北京市规划展览馆的全过程。注意：同数好多于60；提示如：沙盘urbanplanningmodel解说员docent（BeijingPlanningExhibitionHall）北京市丰台区2018届高三统测(二模)英语试题答案第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每题1分，共15分）1-5BABBD6-10CCDAD11-15BBACA第二节完形填空（共20小题：每题1.5分，共30分）16-20BDABD21-25CACDB26-30ADBBA31-35CBACC第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每题2分，共30分）36-40BCCDB41-45ABDCD46-50ADACB第二节（共5小题;每题2分，共10分)51-55DAEGB35第三部分：书面表达（共两节，分）第一节作文（15分）PossibleversionsDearChris,Howniceto