谢孟媛中级文法(分词)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业专心-专注-专业精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业分词(69-74)分词现在分词Ving动作进行主动过去分词p.p.动作完成被动分词是动词和形容词的混合修饰名词的现在分词现在分词+名词A drowning man will catch at a straw. 此时表进行I saw a lot of falling stars last night. 此时表主动名词+现在分词I know the girl talking to the teacher.I know the girl who is talking to t

2、he teacher.The woman waving from the window is my mom.The woman who is waving from the window is my mom.重点现在分词伴随着受词,补语,或副词也可作形容词使用a heartbreaking storya hardworking mana man-eating tigera healthy-looking manan English-speaking people 名族,可数a life-saving machine重点形容词化的现在分词(已经是形容词了)an exciting gamean i

3、nteresting performancean amusing jokea charming ladya promising boy 有前途的男孩重点有些现在分词放在形容词前,可当副词使用,用以加强形容词的程度freezing colda burning red dress 火红的洋装boiling hot 酷热scorching hot 酷热dripping wet 湿淋淋的修饰名词的过去分词过去分词+名词A broken bottle lay on the floor. The tired worker took a rest.名词+过去分词Shirts made of silk are

4、 rather expensive.Shirts which are made of silk are rather expensive.We keep a dog named/called Snoopy.We keep a dog which was/is named/called Snoopy.重点形容词化的过去分词He was/looked surprised at the news.The news was surprising to him.I am very satisfied with the result.How pleased she will be to see you!H

5、ow learned he is. 博学重点和形容词相同,the+现在分词/过去分词,可当名词,表一类人the dying (those who are dying) 垂死的人the killed and the wounded (those who were killed and wounded) 死伤者注意此三者视为单数the accused 被告the deceased 死者the unexpected 不可预期的事重点现在分词或过去分词当形容词代表的意思不同不及物动词的现在分词表进行不及物动词的现在分词表完成falling leaves (leaves which are fallin

6、g)fallen leaves (leaves which have fallen)boiling water (water which is boiling)boiled water (water which have boiled)及物动词的现在分词表主动令人的及物动词的现在分词表被动感到的a refreshing breeze 清爽的微风feel refreshed 感到清爽a frightening scene 令人恐惧的画面a frightened child 感到恐惧的小孩a disappointing mattera disappoint look 感到失望的表情S+V+C(分词

7、)现在分词可作go, come, keep, lie躺, sit, stand, walk等动词之后主词补语,用以表示伴随着的动作The children came running to meet their parents.We stood looking at the monkeys.过去分词可放在appear, seem, look, become, feel, get变得, sit, lie, remain等后,用以表示动作所产生的结果The house appeared/looked/seemed deserted.She sat surrounded by her grandchi

8、ldren.S+V+O+C(分词)现在分词可作感官动词look at, see等和keep, leave(让保持), set设定, start, catch, find等动词后的受词补语He left the engine running.He let his daughter watch TV. Let是语气轻的使役动词,有允许之意We heard the rain beating against the window.用beat表纯粹陈述一件事情用beating表那时候正在The smoke started her coughing.Start sb. Ving 使某人开始过去分词可作为感

9、官动词及let, like, make, want, would like, wish等动词后的受词补语I couldnt make myself understood in English. 我无法用英文表达我的意思I couldnt make myself understand English.I would like this work finished by noon.重点have+O+现在分词表允许用于否定句I cant have the children playing in my room. 我允许小朋友玩,表达一种状态I had the children play in my

10、room. 我叫小朋友玩表使;让She had the children laughing again. 她让小朋友又笑了起来,表达一种状态She had the children laugh. 她让小朋友笑have+O+过去分词表使得使役I had my hair cut yesterday.表被有被害之意I had my money stolen.分词构句分词构句的形成原则上,主要子句与分词构句主词一致When I opened the door, I heard a strange sound.Opening the door, I heard a strange sound.主次相同,

11、省略; 连接词视情况省略As I was ill, I couldnt go to school.Being ill, I couldnt go to school.分词构句的含义表时间意指when, while等Seeing the accident, she began to cry.When she saw the accident, she began to cry.Keeping him waiting outside, she did her shopping.do shopping在买, go shopping逛逛而已While she kept him waiting outs

12、ide, she did her shopping.表原因,理由意指because, since, as等Because he is a kind man, he is loved by everyone.Being a kind man, he is loved by everyone.Because I didnt know what to say, I remained silent.Not knowing what to say, I remained silent.表附带状况I ran all the way, and I arrived just in time.I ran all

13、 the way, arriving just in time.I washed the dishes as I listen to my favorite music.I washed the dishes, listening to my favorite music.表条件ifIf you turn left after the bank, you will see our house on you right.If turning left after the bank, you will see our house on you right.If 不可省If you arrive e

14、arlier, you will have to wait for a while.If arriving earlier, you will have to wait for a while.表让步though, althoughThough I admit (that) youre right, I still cant agree with you.Admitting youre right, I still cant agree with you.子音+母音+子音 双写加ingAlthough he lives near my house, he seldom comes to see

15、 me.Living near my house, he seldom comes to see me.分词构句的位置句首Hearing the news, he got angry.句中Romeo, believing that Juliet was dead, decided to kill himself.句尾The teacher went out of the classroom, mumbling something.分词构句的被动态,完成形,否定形被动态(being)+p.p.being后是p.p.则可省略, 若为名词,形容词,则不可As he was exhausted by

16、his hard work, he went to bed earlier than usual.(Being) Exhausted by hard work, he went to bed earlier than usual.He works hard.His hard workAs it is written in simple English, the book is easy to read.(Being) Written in simple English, the book is easy to read.完成形having+p.p.Since I have seen him b

17、efore, I know him well.Having seen him before, I know him well.After he had graduated from college, he became a journalist.Having graduated from college, he became a journalist.had+p.p.having+p.p完成形的被动(having been) p.pSince she has been brought up in Paris, she speaks French very.(Having been) Broug

18、ht up in Paris, she speaks French very.分词构句是附属,并不注重时态,但要明确主被动否定形not/never+Ving or not/never+having+p.pAs the teacher didnt hear the bell, the teacher kept on teaching.Not hearing the bell, the teacher kept on teaching.Because he had not done his homework, he felt uneasy.Not having done his homework,

19、 he felt uneasy.独立分词构句主词不同When the sun had set, we started for home. 启程回家The sun having set, we started for home.Because it was Sunday, the stores were all closed/all the stores were closed.It being Sunday, the stores were all closed.Because there was no bridge, we had to swim across the river.There

20、 being no bridge, we had to swim across the river.must没有过去式,其过去式用had to 表现Well go on a picnic if the weather permits.Well go on a picnic, the weather permitting.picnic-picnickingwell go on a picnic=well picnicwith+名词/代名词+分词用以表示附带状况I stood there with my heart beating violently. 主动The table was rather disorderly with several magazines lying open on it. 有几份杂志摊开在上面说谎 lie-lied-lied-lying躺,存在(vi.) lie-lay-lain-lying 不及物动词没有被动,故用lying, open是形容词母鸡下蛋,放置(vt.) lay-laid-laid-laying He came in