2023版高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit2IconicAttractions课件新人教版选择性必修第四册

1、UNIT 2ICONIC ATTRACTIONS核心单词阅读词汇1.didgeridoo n.迪吉里杜管2.equator n.赤道3.koala n.考拉；树袋熊4.barbecue n.户外烧烤；烤架5.bakery n.面包(糕饼)店；面包厂6.butcher n.肉贩；屠夫；刽子手n.总理；首相7.premier adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的8.herb n.药草；香草；草本9.dim sim (特指澳大利亚的)点心10.hollow adj.中空的；空心的11.horn n.(乐器)号12.pitch n.音高13.minister n.部长；大臣；外交使节14.frog n.蛙

2、；青蛙15.arrow n.箭；箭头16.getaway n.适合度假的地方17.kayaking n.划皮艇18.domain n.领域；领土；范围19.liberty n.自由20.golf n.高尔夫球运动21.strait n.海峡22.kiwi n.几维(新西兰鸟)23.geyser n.间歇泉24.sulphuric pool 硫黄池25.manuka honey 麦卢卡蜂蜜26.bungee jumping 蹦极跳27.geothermal park 地热公园28.pouch n.育儿袋；小袋子；荷包29.phase n.阶段；时期30.trunk n.树干31.nest n.巢

3、穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点32.mammal n.哺乳动物高频词汇1._ n.创建；基础；地基foundationjoint2._ n.公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节adj.联合的；共同的straightforwardslogan3._ adj.坦率的；简单的4._ n.标语；口号divesponsor5._ vi.& n.潜水；跳水；俯冲6._ vt.倡议；赞助；主办n.(法案等的)倡议者；赞助者samplemonumentsession7._ n.样本；样品8._ n.纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹9._ n.一场；一段时间；会议10._ vi.孵出；破壳 vt.使孵出；策划；

4、(尤指)密谋11._ n.能力；容量12._ n.栅栏；围栏13._ adj.大；宏大的hatchcapacityfencegrand拓展词汇1._ adj.符号的；图标的icon n.图片；符号2.political adj.政治的_ adv.政治上_n.政治学；政治_ n.政治家；政客iconic3._ adj.位于locate vt.使坐落于；找到的位置_ n.地点；位置politicallypolitics4.vibrate vt.& vi.(使)振动_ n.震动；颤动；抖动5.entitle vt.给命名(或题名)；使享有权利_ n.头衔；标题；资格politicianlocated

5、locationvibrationtitlefree6.freedom n.自由；不受影响的状态_ adj.自由的；无约束的vt.释放；使摆脱7.distribution n.分布；分配；分发_ vt.分发；分配；散布；使分布8._ adj.暂时的；短暂的temporarily adv.暂时地9.license vt. 批 准 ； 许 可n.( licence) 许 可 证 ； 执 照_ adj.得到正式许可的distributetemporarylicensed10.frequency n.发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率_ adj.频繁的；经常的_ adv.频繁地；经常地freq

6、uentfrequentlyviolentviolently11._ adj.暴力的；猛烈的violence n.暴力；暴行_ adv.粗暴地；强烈地(续表)12.biology n.生理；生物学_ n.生物学家13.prison n.监狱；监禁_ n.囚犯；犯人；俘虏biologistprisoner联想积累【派生构词】1.handful(名词名词后缀-ful新名词)mouthful 一口；满口cupful 满杯2.frequent(去 t)cy(形容词名词后缀-cy名词)fluent(去 t)cy 流利current(去 t)cy 通用；通货【合成构词】straightforward(形容

7、词形容词/副词新形容词)wornout 筋疲力尽的extraordinary 非凡的重点短语to1.be native _ 原产于；是当地的2.make an _ to do sth.努力做某事effort3._ minister 首相；总理primepeak4._ season 高峰季节ofaat5.a flock _ 一群(羊或鸟)sense6._ handful of 少数人(或物)；一把(的量)7.feel _ home 感到自在；驾轻就熟8.a _ of 的感觉comparison9.in _ to/with 和相比to10.an approach _ (doing) sth.做某事

8、的方法精选佳句教材原句hasbroughthasshared1.Since I arrived, my friend _ _ me to myfirst open-air barbecue and _ also _ many differentbut yummy meals with me, so my first impressions of Australiahave been all about food！自从我来到澳大利亚，我的朋友带我去了我的第一次露天烧烤，也和我分享了许多不同但美味的食物，所以我对澳大利亚的第一印象都是关于食物！句式结构句式 1：since 意为“自从”，主句用现在

9、完成时教材原句Tosurvive2._ _ in this vast land on the ocean, theAborigines had to be in close contact with nature.为了在这片辽阔的海洋上生存，土著居民不得不与大自然亲密接触。句式结构句式 2：不定式短语作目的状语untiltheyareaboutsevenoreight教材原句3.They sleep and drink milk in that temporary, protectedenvironment _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.大约七八个月大之前，它们一直待在那个暂时受保护的环境里

10、睡觉和吃奶。句式结构monthsold句式 3：until 引导时间状语从句教材原句Whileitmaylayeggs4._ _ _ _ _ in anest like a bird, its really a primitive mammal, with a uniquebiology.尽管它可能像鸟类一样在巢中产卵，但它确实是一种原始哺乳动物，具有独特的生物学特性。句式结构句式 4：while 引导让步状语从句课文复现I arrived in Australia on 1st October to visit my friendthere.Australia, 1._ (locate) t

11、o the south of the equator, isoften informally referred to 2._“down under”.My first impressions of Australia have been all about food!3._ (bakery), fastfood joints, butcher shops，cafes，andrestaurants everywhere provide some of 4._ premier foodexperiences in the world.locatedasBakeriestheI learned to

12、 play the local instrument didgeridoo.I put mymouth on one end and blow while 5._ (vibrate) my lips butfailed.A skilled player can play for a long time by 6._(continue) breathing in through his nose while breathing outthrough his mouth and into the didgeridoo.vibratingAfter 7._ (experience) Australi

13、a, personallyspeaking ， 8._ I like most about Australia is the people9._ (they).Their friendliness and 10._ (warm)made me feel at home wherever I went.continuallyexperiencingwhatthemselveswarmth单句语法填空1.They could not ensure a smooth transfer of _(politics) power.2.One cannot choose _ (free) for ones

14、elf withoutchoosing it for others.politicalfreedoma3.His wife was _ straightforward woman and oftenasked some quite straightforward questions.4.They _ (sample) the population to find out thestate of public opinion last year.5.When she went outside she was _ (temporary)blinded by the sun.sampledtempo

15、rarilyviolent6.This area of the city has become a breeding ground for_ (violence) crime.of7.A flock _ birds flew towards us slowly from faraway.8.An important set of ideas have been advanced by the_ (biology) Rupert Sheldrake.biologist9.I prefer to use the plants that used to be native _ theriver be

16、fore it became so polluted.tosponsors10.The race organisers are trying to attract _(sponsor), who can donate money.1.located adj.位于【原句】Located to the south of the equator, below manyother countries on the globe, its often informally referred to as“down under”.(教材 P14)(澳大利亚)位于赤道以南，并在地球上很多国家的下方，它常被非正式

17、地称为“down under”。【典例】 Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in eachapartment.每层楼和每间公寓都有灭火器。We have not found a suitable location for the new offices.我们还没有为新办事处找到合适的地点。【归纳】conveniently/ideally located 坐落于方便的/理想的位置well-located buildings 位置好的建筑物be located in/at/on 位于【点津】表示“位于”的短语除了 be located

18、 in/on/at 外，还有be situated in, lie in。【拓展】(1)locate vt.找出的准确位置(2)location n.地点；位置【即学即用】单句语法填空is located(1)Surrounded by green trees, the farm _ (locate)at the foot of the hill near our school.location(2)The _ (locate) of the factory is close to therailway.一句多译，每空一词Locatedin(3)北京位于中国的北部，是我们的文化和政治中心。 _

19、 _ the north of China, Beijing is ourcultural and political centre.Situatedin _ _ the north of China, Beijing is ourcultural and political centre.Lyingin _ _ the north of China, Beijing is ourcultural and political centre.2.dive vi.& n.潜水；跳水；俯冲【原句】 Visitors to the beaches can enjoy many activities,i

20、ncluding diving, kayaking, and rock climbing.(教材 P16) 海滩上的游客可以享受许多活动，包括潜水、划皮划艇和攀岩。【典例】In his black and blue suit and with an oxygen tank fastenedon his back, Larry dived from boats into the middle of the ocean.拉里穿着黑蓝相间的衣服，背上系着氧气瓶，从船上跳入海中。Without waiting, I dived into the sea.我迫不及待地跳进海中。The main purp

21、ose of his trip to Greece was to go diving.他去希腊的主要目的是去潜水。Shemade a beautiful dive.她做了一次漂亮的跳水。【归纳】dive from/off o sth.从跳入中dive into 潜入；深入到；投入make a dive 潜水/跳水go diving 去潜水【拓展】diver n.潜水者；跳水运动员【即学即用】intodiving单句语法填空(1)It started to rain so we dived _ the nearest caf.(2)Something tells me you didnt ask

22、 me to go _ (dive),did you?adiveintoanarea(3)The plane made _ dive to a lower altitude.完成句子，每空一词(4)我知道我足够聪明，可以深入到一个完全未知的领域。I know I am smart enough to _ _ _ that is totally unknown.3.sponsor vt.倡议；赞助；主办n.(法案等的)倡议者；赞助者【原句】 Visitors can see these amazing creatures in theirnatural domain, and also spon

23、sor an elephant to preserve its healthand liberty.(教材 P16)游客们可以在它们的自然领域里看到这些神奇的生物，还可以赞助一头大象来保护它的健康和自由。【典例】The businessman announced that he would sponsor thehealth care plan.这位商人宣布他将赞助这项保健计划。 A wealthy sponsor came to our rescue with a generousdonation.一位富有的赞助人慷慨捐赠，拯救了我们。【归纳】be sponsored by 由资助/赞助sp

24、onsor sb.to do sth.资助/赞助某人做某事a sponsor of.的赞助商【即学即用】单句语法填空(1)_ (sponsor) the local team is good for publicrelations.Sponsoringsponsors(2)The organisation broke loose from its _(sponsor).完成句子，每空一词aresponsoredby(3)大多数 DES 学生是由教育部资助的。Most DES students _ _ _ theNational Department of Education.(4)公司资助了五

25、名学生完成学业。The company _ _ _ _have finished their school.sponsoredfivestudentsto4.prison n.监狱；监禁【原句】 Special tiger reserves with fences have greatlyimproved the distribution of the wild tiger population across India,and local police are now entitled to give longer prison sentences tohunters.(教材 P22)有围栏

26、的老虎特别保护区极大地改善了印度野生老虎数量的分布，当地警方现在有权对猎人处以更长的刑期。【典例】Before he came to power, the famous leader was once putin prison for years.在他掌权之前，这位著名的领袖曾被关进监狱好几年。The young man was sent to prison for attacking a girl witha knife.那个年轻人因为用刀袭击一个女孩而被送进了监狱。 He fought for black people and was in prison for almostthirty

27、years.他为黑人而战，在监狱里待了将近 30 年。【归纳】send sb.to prison 把某人送进监狱throw/put sb.in/into prison 把某人投入监狱go to prison 入狱(动作)in prison 在狱中(状态)out of prison 出狱【点津】与 go to prison 用法类似的短语有：go to school, go tohospital 等。这些短语一般情况下不加定冠词 the。【拓展】prisoner n.犯人；囚犯【即学即用】intoprisonerout单句语法填空(1)If you go on like this youll e

28、nd up _ prison.(2)He was sent _ prison for five years ，which madeeveryone surprised.(3)The _ (prison) will be put to death at dawn.(4)He said he would save his friend _ of prison.1.feel at home 感到自在；驾轻就熟【 原句 】 They have a straightforward and free-and-easyattitude towards life, and their friendliness

29、 and warmth made mefeel at home wherever I went.(教材 P15)他们对待生活直率而洒脱，他们的友善和温暖使我无论走到哪里都有一种家的感觉。【典例】He had a genius for making people feel at home.他有一种使人宾至如归的天赋。Revisit this list when you feel down.当你感到沮丧的时候再看看这个列表。The firm has identified 60 potential customers at home andabroad.该公司已经在国内外确定了 60 个潜在客户。Y

30、ou are among friends, so make yourself at home. 我们都是朋友，别拘束。【拓展】feel down 感到沮丧at home and abroad 在国内外make yourself at home 别拘束【即学即用】feelathome完成句子，每空一词(1)然而，这些友好且乐于助人的同事很快就让我适应了这里。athomeandabroadHowever, my friendly and supportive colleagues here soonhelped me to _ _ _.(2)这本书现在在国内外都很受欢迎。The book is v

31、ery popular now, both _ _ _.(3)你若是客人，只要使自己感到自在就行了。When you are the guest, you should just _ _ _.makeyourselfathome2.make an effort to do sth.努力做某事【原句】 The partners agreed to make a joint effort to meetthe project deadlines.(教材 P16)合作伙伴同意共同努力，在最后期限前完成项目。【典例】 If we make an effort to go to the truth, w

32、e are seeking aresult, an achievement.如果我们努力去寻找真理，我们就是在寻求结果，一种成就。We should spare no effort to further your interests. 我们将不遗余力地为你方争取利益。With effort she managed to stop herself laughing.她好不容易才忍住不笑。【拓展】make every effort to do sth.尽一切努力做某事spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事with/without effort 费力地/毫不费力地【即学

33、即用】完成句子，每空一词(1)为了我们后代的福祉，我们应该不遗余力地保护我们的地球母亲。sparenoefforttoprotectFor the sake of the welfare of our offspring, we should_ _ _ _ _ our mother planet.(2)他们正在努力降低生产成本。makinganThey are _ _ _ _ decreasethe production cost.efforttowithouteffort(3)那个强壮的年轻人毫不费力地移开了那块石头。The strong young man removed the rock

34、 _ _.3.a handful of 少数人(或物)；一把(的量)【原句】 There are only a small handful of animals in theworld that can do that！(教材 P21)世界上只有很少的动物可以那样做！【典例】I managed to rent a house to take ina handful of people.我设法租了一间足够容纳几个人的房子。 It says on the bottle to take a spoonful of this medicineevery four hours.药瓶上写着这种药每四小时服

35、一勺。He tooka mouthful of neat whisky, and coughed.他喝了一口纯威士忌，接着咳嗽起来。【归纳】a handful of students 少量学生a handful of rice 一把米【拓展】mouthful of 一口a spoonful of 一匙【即学即用】ahandfulof完成句子，每空一词(1)弗兰克把一把零钱倒在桌上就离开了房间。Frank emptied _ _ _ loose changeon the table and left the room.amouthfuloffood(2)她吃了一口食物，然后突然吐了出来。She

36、took _ _ _ _ and thensuddenly spat it out.aspoonfulofmilk(3)她在两个杯子里各放了一匙牛奶。She put _ _ _ _ in each ofthe two cups.1.Since I arrived, my friend has brought me to my firstopen air barbecue and has also shared many different butyummy meals with me, so my first impressions of Australiahave been all abou

37、t food！(教材 P14)自从我来到澳大利亚，我的朋友带我去了我的第一次露天烧烤，也和我分享了许多不同但美味的食物，所以我对澳大利亚的第一印象都是关于食物！【剖析】 since 意为“自以来；从以后”，常与过去式的句子或过去时间状语连用，主句常与现在完成时连用。【典例】(2021新高考卷阅读理解 C)Since 1934, better than halfa billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5million acres of habitat.自 1934 年以来，已有超过 5 亿美元投入该基金会，用

38、于购买超过 500 万英亩的栖息地。(2021 浙 江卷 七选五型阅读理解 )Today his hobby hasdeveloped into the website , a social network thathas grown to 575，217 registered users in 214 countries and regionssince he started it 10 years ago.如今，他的这个爱好已经发展成了一个名为 的社交网站。自从他 10 年前创建这个网站以来，该网站已经在 214 个国家和地区拥有了 575，217 名注册用户。连词词义常用句式before

39、在 之前 ；还未就；才 ； 还没来 得及就It will (not) be 一段时间before.(没有)过时间才 It was not long before. 不久就It was 一段时间before.过了才since自从以来It is/has been 一段时间since.(从句用一般过去时)It was 一段时间since.( 从句用过去完成时)【辨析】before 与 since【即学即用】has grownbefore单句语法填空(1)(2018 全国卷 语法填空)Since 2011, the country_ (grow) more corn than rice.(2)It i

40、s not long _ his dream of being a soldiercomes true.Itwillbeoneandahalfyearsbefore完成句子，每空一词(3)还有一年半的时间我就要毕业了。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I leave school.(4)自从我上次见到他已经两年了。_ _ _ _ _ _I met him last time.Ithasbeentwoyearssince2.They sleep and drink milk in that temporary, protectedenvironment until they are about s

41、even or eight months old.(教材 P20)大约七八个月大之前，它们一直待在那个暂时受保护的环境里睡觉和吃奶。【剖析】 本句为 until 引导的时间状语从句，意为“直到”。【典例】(2021 全国乙卷 阅读理解 B)How long until they go theway of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries？他们要过多久才会走上煤气路灯和早上送牛奶的老路？ Not until recently did they encourage the development oftourist-related activ

42、ities in the rural areas.直到最近，他们才鼓励在农村地区发展与旅游有关的活动。 Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19thcentury that his musical gift was fully recognised.巴赫于 1750 年去世，但直到 19 世纪初，他的音乐天赋才得到充分承认。【点津】(1)until 引导时间状语从句，如果主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么这个主句需用肯定式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定式，构成 not.until 结构。(2)在 not.until 句

43、型结构中，可以把 not until 提到句首，句子用倒装语序。(3)not.until 句型的强调句式为：It is/was not until.that.。【即学即用】didheconsiderhavinga完成句子，每空一词(1)直到三年前他退休时，他才考虑到国外度假。holidayNot until he retired from teaching three years ago _ _ _ _ _ abroad.(2)直到我完成学业，我才开始我的演员生涯。It_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I pursued my career as an actress.wasnotuntilIf

44、inishedmystudiesthat3.While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird, its really aprimitive mammal, with a unique biology.( 教材P21) 虽然它可能像鸟类一样在巢中产卵，但它确实是一种原始哺乳动物，具有独特的生物学特性。【剖析】 句中 While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird 为while 引导的状语从句，while 意为“虽然；但是；尽管”。【典例】(2019 浙江卷 阅读理解B)While the clip might look

45、 likepart of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to showgenerosity and sympathy.虽然这个视频片段看起来像是新广告活动的一部分，但布里奇斯表示，这个活动的唯一目的在于传递“慷慨和同情之心”。(2021 新高考卷 阅读理解 D)The ability to accuratelyunderstand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to findhow best to help her patients, while a cheat

46、er might use it tocontrol potential victims.这种准确理解他人感受的能力可能被医生用来为她的病人找到最佳的治疗方法，而骗子则可能会利用这种能力来控制潜在的受害者。(2016全国卷语法填空)Give your body and brain a restby stepping outside for a while, exercising, or doing somethingyou enjoy.出去走走，锻炼一下，或者做一些你喜欢的事情，让你的身体和大脑休息一下。【点津】while 的用法：作名词时，意为“一会儿”；作并列连词时，意为“而，然而”，表示对

47、比；作从属连词时，意为“当时；虽然；但是；只要”。【即学即用】写出下列句中 while 的中文含义(1)Some people waste food while others havent enough._然而；可是尽管；虽然(2)While travel can broaden your mind, I dont think its agood idea to spend too much time and money on it._(3)While I was looking through the news online, up came avideo of a lovely bear.

48、_当时候(4)While there is life, there is hope._只要【题目】假设你是李华，你校正在留学生中开展了解中国的活动，请你准备一篇介绍大熊猫的文章，向你校外国留学生简要介绍大熊猫的状况。内容包括：1.大熊猫的基本情况；2.大熊猫的现状；3.大熊猫的保护。注意：词数 80 左右。参考范文：As an iconic symbol and entitled the national treasure, thegiant panda is a special kind of mammal liked by people all overthe world.In fact, there used to be a broad distribution of pandas inChina long ago.However, with the balance of nature destroyed an