高一英语必修二知识点内容整理2022

1、第 PAGE12 页 共 NUMPAGES12 页高一英语必修二知识点内容整理2022高一英语必修二知识点内容整理1一. 直接引语和间接引语(一)直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语那么不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进展改变。1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said, asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般如今时变为一般过去时，如今进展时变为过去进展时，

2、等等。例如：Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化： 根据意义进展相应的变化，例如：She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”She asked Jack where he had been.He said,“These books are mine.”He said that those books were his.(二)直接引语改为间

3、接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。直接引语假设是一般疑问句，用连接词whether或if;假设是特殊疑问句，那么用疑问词引导间接引语。转述的动词一般用asked，可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me, him, her, us等。如：She said,“Is your father at home?”She asked me if/whether my father was at home.“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.My friend asked me what I did

4、 every Sunday.直接引语假设是祈使句，改为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气(即恳求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等动词，假设祈使句为否认式，那么在不定式前加not。其句型为：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如：She said to us,“Please sit down.”She asked us to sit down.He said to him,“Go away!”He ordered him to go away.He said, “Don

5、t make so much noise, boys.”He told the boys not to make so much noise.二. 各种时态的被动语态被动语态概述被动语态的概念：它是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.被动语态的构成被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语

6、的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下：1. 一般如今时 am/is/are + 过去分词例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.2. 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词例如：These trees were planted the year before last.3. 一般将来时 will/shall + be + 过去分词例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.4. 如今进展时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词例如：Your

7、radio is being repaired now.5. 过去进展时 was/were + being + 过去分词When he got there, the problem was being discussed.6. 如今完成时 have/has + been + 过去分词His work has been finished.Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasnt.7. 过去完成时 had + been + 过去分词注意：1.除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如：The

8、ir questions havent got answered.2. 含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+ be + 过去分词”构造。例如：More attention should be paid to the old in this country.This work cant be done until Mr. Black es.3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等构造的谓语，其被动语态分别用“be going to + be + 过去分词”和“be to + be + 过去分词”。例如：The problem is going to be discuss

9、ed at the next meeting.All these books are to be taken to the library.4. 被动语态与系表构造的区别：“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表构造，与被动语态的形式完全一样，所以应注意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词，多强调动作;系表构造中的过去分词相当于形容词，多强调状态。前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者，而后者那么不可以。例如：The map was changed by someone.(被动构造)That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表构造)

10、系表构造中的过去分词通常可被very修饰，被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。例如：He was very excited.(系表构造)He was much excited by her words.(被动构造)5. 主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。例如：These books sell well. 这些书很畅销。The door wont shut. 这门关不上。The clothes wash well. 这些衣服很好洗。高一英语必修二知识点内容整理2

11、1. be good to 对友好 be good for 对有益;be bad to/be bad for2. add up 加起来 增加add up to 合计，总计add to 把加到3. notuntil/till 意思是“直到才”4. get sth/sb done 使完成/使某人被5. calm down平静下来6. be concerned about 关心 关注7. 当while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。While walking the dog, you were careles

12、s and it got loose.8. cheat in the exam _9. go through 经历;度过;获准，通过10. hide away 躲藏;隐藏11. set down 写下，记下12. I wonder if. 我不知道是不是.12. on purpose 成心13. sth happen to sb 某人发生某事sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事it so happened that 正巧 碰巧14. It is the first (second) that (从句谓语动词用如今完成时)15. in ones power 处于的控制之中16.

13、 Its no pleasure doing. 做.没有乐趣Its no good/ use doing sth. 做某事是没好处/没用的17. She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place. it做形式宾语18. suffer from 患病;遭受19. sothat /suchthay20. get tired of. 对感到劳累 疲惫21. have some trouble with sb/sth. 在上遇到了费事22. get along with sb/sth. 与某人相处23. ask(sb)

14、for advice. (向某人)征求建议24. make 后接复合宾语，宾语补足语须用不带to 的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:make sb. do sth.让 (使)某人做某事make sb. /sth. +adj. 使某人/物make sb./ oneself +v-ed 让某人/自己被When you speak, you should make yourself understood.make sb.+n. 使某人成为25. alone /lonely. 单独的/孤独的26. I would be grateful if 委婉客气提出恳求27. Why n

15、ot do. = why dont you do高一英语必修二知识点内容整理31.preferPrefer doing to doingPrefer to do rather than do2.advantages /disadvantages 优势/优势2.Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从高中起，我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。连词since 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，介词since 与时间点连用It is/h

16、as been+一段时间+since+一般过去时 自从至今已经多久了。3. persuade sb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事4. 强调句型 It is/was+被强调部分+that/who强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说，假设被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who;假设被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。not until 的强调句5.be fond of 喜欢，喜欢6. Although 尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句 although 从句多在句首， though 从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置，而且t

17、hough 可以作副词用于句末，作“但是，不过”讲，而although 无此用法。 as though(仿佛，好似)，even though(即使，尽管)中不能用although。 though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首，此用法同as),而 although 不可以。7. insist on doing sth/ sth. 一定要、坚持主张She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly.她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大care for 喜欢，照料，照顾13. experie

18、nce 经历/经历14. Once 可作为附属连词，作“一(旦)就”解，连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般如今时如今完成时表将来。Once you have begun you must continue.15. give in 让步 give up 放弃16. instead of 代替，而不是17. make up ones mind to do下定决心做某事18.a large parcel of 一大包19.as usual 像往常一样20.put up our tent 搭帐篷21.stay awake 睡不着，醒着 stay up 熬夜22. for pany 做伴23.lie beneath th