大学英语四六级翻译语法精要：虚拟语气

1、大学英语四六级翻译语法精要：虚拟语气 虚拟语气that从居中:wish, would rather (sooner), had better:I wish I were as strong as you.I wish I had paid more attention to our pronunciation.I wish I remembered the address.I would rather they came tomorrow (you had gone there too).I had rather (that) you told him than I did.suggest,

2、order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist 等动词后的宾语从句:The commander ordered that all civilians (should) be evacuated.He asked that he be given an opportunity to try.She urged that he write and accept the post.it is desired, it is suggested, it is requested, it was ordered, it was propos

3、ed, it is necessary, it is important, it has been decided 等结构后的主语从句中.It was arranged that they leave the following weekIt will be better that we meet some other time.suggestion, motion, proposal, order, recommendations, plan, idea等后面的表语从句和同位语从句:His sole requirement is (was) that thy system be adjust

4、ed.在某些句型中it is time thatIt is time that we went (或should go) to bed.It is high time we (should) put an end to this controversy.as if (though) 引起的从句:They talked (are talking) as if they had been friends for years.It seems as if it was (were) spring today.He acts (acted) as if (though) he were (was) a

5、n expert.以lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句(这时谓语多用 should +动词原形):He took his raincoat with him lest it should rain.He put his coat over the child for fear that (或lest) he should catch cold.Ill keep a seat for you in case you should need it.以whatever, whoever, no matter what这类代词或词组引起的从句(这时, 谓语多用may

6、加动词原形构成):Whatever defects he may have, he is an honest man.Come what may, we will go ahead.不管发生什么情况, 我们都要干下去.I accept that he is old and frail; be that as it may, hes still a good politician.我承认他年老体衰, 然而尽管如此, 它仍是优秀的政治家.条件句虚拟条件句主要有下面两类:表示现在及将来情况(表示纯然假设或实现的可能性不大的情况):谓语主要形式如下(be多用were这个形式):从句主句过去式would

7、 + 动词原形If I were you, I wouldnt lose heart.How nice it would be if you could stay a bit longer.表示过去情况的虚拟条件句(与事实完全相反的假设情况), 谓语主要形式如下:从句主句had + 过去分词would have + 过去分词She would have come if we had invited her.If I hadnt taken your advice, I would have made a bad mistake,You wouldnt have caught cold if y

8、ou had put on more clothes.有时候, 条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作, 发生的时间是不一致的(如一个是过去发生的, 一个是现在发生的). 这时, 动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整. 这种句子可以称为错综时间条件句.If he had received six more votes, he would be our chairman now.If we hadnt got everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示, 而是通过一个介词短语

9、来表示.Without music, the world would be a dull place.We could have done better under more favorable conditions.That would have been considered miraculous in the past.But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier.如果条件句从句中包含有 were, had, should 或could, 有时可把if省略掉, 并把were, had, should或could放在主语前面.Had we made adequate prepa