北京市中考英语一轮复习 第一篇 教材梳理篇 第13课时 讲义

1、第 13 课时PART ONE第一篇 教材梳理篇基础自主梳理必备词汇1. 人,人们;人民2. 完美的,极好的3. 履行,执行;表演4. perhaps5. 定期;时代6. 人(单数)7. 个人的,私人的8. 宠物,爱畜9. 打电话;电话,电话机10. 照片peopleperfectperform也许,大概periodpersonpersonalpetphone=telephonephoto=photograph 基础自主梳理必备词汇11.物理(学)12.采集;挑选13.野餐14.图片,画片,照片15.甜馅饼16.一块(片,张,件)17.猪18.飞行员19.粉红色的20.pioneerphysi

2、cspickpicnicpicturepiepiecepigpilotpink先锋 基础自主梳理必备词汇21.怜悯,同情22.地方,处所; 放置,安置,安排23.计划,打算24.飞机25.行星26.种植,播种; 植物27.玩;打(球);游戏;播放28.运动员,打球的人29. 操场,运动场30.令人愉快的,舒适的pityplaceplanplaneplanetplantplayplayerplaygroundpleasant 基础自主梳理必备词汇31.请;使人高兴,使 人满意32.高兴,愉快33.充足,大量34.(衣服的)口袋35.诗36.指,指向; 点;分数37.警察,警务人员38. 警察;巡

3、警39. 女警察;女巡警40.有礼貌的;有教养的pleasepleasureplentypocketpoempointpolicepoliceman (pl.policemen)policewoman (pl.policewomen)polite 基础自主梳理必备词汇41.污染 (v.)42.污染;污染物43.水塘,水池44.贫穷的;可怜的;不好的,差的45. (音乐、艺术等)大众的,通俗的46. 人口,人数47.可能的48.投寄;邮寄49.明信片50.邮递员pollutepollutionpoolpoorpopular (pop)populationpossiblepostpostcardp

4、ostman 基础自主梳理必备词汇51.土豆,马铃薯52.磅;英镑53.力量、权力54.练习 (n.)55. 练习;实践 (v.)56.赞扬,表扬57.预测,推测58.更喜欢59.准备;预备;调制;配制60.礼物,赠品potatopoundpowerpracticepractise (美 practice)praisepredictpreferpreparepresent 基础自主梳理必备词汇61. 总统;主席62.漂亮的,俊俏的63.阻止;防止;预防64.价格,价钱65.自豪;骄傲66.初等的,初级的67.印刷68.私人的69.奖赏,奖品70.很可能,大概presidentprettypre

5、ventpriceprideprimaryprintprivateprizeprobably 基础自主梳理必备词汇71.问题,难题72.过程73.生产;制造74.产品75. 节目;项目76.进步;上进; 进展77.工程78.答应;允许79. 发音(v.)80. 发音(n.)problemprocessproduceproductprogramme (美program)progressprojectpromisepronouncepronunciation基础自主梳理必备短语1. 以为主食,靠为生2. 照顾3. 向前看,展望未来4. 看不起,轻视5. 寻找6. 盼望7. 向里面看去;调查8. 留

6、神,当心9. 看穿;浏览10.查找live onlook afterlook aheadlook down uponlook forlook forward tolook intolook outlook throughlook up 基础自主梳理必备短语11.许多,大量12. 做鬼脸,做苦脸13. 与交朋友14.和解;化装15. 由组成,构成lots ofmake a facemake friends withmake upmake up of核心考点突破 pickv. 挑选;采摘 n.选择【题1】 选择正确的选项(1)Look! Whats on the ground?Oh, its my

7、 sweater.Please for me.A.pick up it B.pick it up C.pick it out D.pick out it (2)Our teacher a bookshelf at the back of our classroom to make a small reading corner.A.picked up B.put up C.used up D.dressed up 【归纳拓展】1.pick up 的不同含义:(1)接电话(2)捡起;拾起(3)(偶然)得到;学会(4)搭载;开车去接(某人)注意:pick up是动副短语,其后接代词作宾语时,代词应位

8、于pick与up之间。BB核心考点突破【题2】 根据汉语意思完成句子那辆公共汽车沿途停了好几次,让乘客上车。The bus stopped several times passengers.【归纳拓展】2.其他常见的与up相关的短语:put up 举起;搭起;张贴look up 仰视;查阅 give up 放弃 use up 用尽cut up 切碎 mix up 弄乱 make up 组成;编造 stay up 熬夜think up 想出 wake up 唤醒 get up 起床 hang up 挂断电话open up 开阔;拓展;发展 dress up 乔装打扮 eat up 吃光 fix

9、up 修理clean up 打扫 cheer up 使振奋to pick up核心考点突破 plentyn. 丰富,大量 adj.很多的,足够的【题3】 用plenty of, a lot of, lots of, many或much填空(答案不唯一)(1)Last Sunday we worked at the food bank.We gave out eggs to the homeless children and they were really happy.(2)You cant get_knowledge from these books because they are bad

10、 for you.【词义辨析】plenty of/a lot of/lots of/many/much(1)plenty of/a lot of/lots of 既可以修饰可数名词复数,也可以修饰不可数名词。(2)many 后接可数名词复数。(3)much后接不可数名词。plenty of/lots of/a lot of/manyplenty of/lots of/a lot of/much核心考点突破 point n.点;分数 v.指,指向【题4】 选择方框中恰当的词或短语并用其适当形式填空point outpoint atpoint topoint(1)The teacher the m

11、istakes in the composition in yesterdays class.(2)Hethe door and there I saw a girl smiling at me.(3)The teacherthe map and told me where Britain was.(4)I failed to catch hisof view.【词义辨析】point out/point to/point at(1)point out意为“指出,使注意”,后面可接名词,也可接从句。(2)point to意为“指向”,强调方向,并不是指着该物体。(3)point at 表示指着某

12、一物体,指人时一般表示粗鲁或不礼貌。pointed outpointed topointed atpoint 核心考点突破 populationn.人口;人数【题5】 选择正确的选项(1)The population of China is than that of India nowadays.Yes, but Indias population increasing rapidly.A.larger; is B.larger; are C.more; is D.more; are (2) is the population of this city? Its about one milli

13、on.A.How B.What C.How many D.How much【归纳拓展】population用法小结:(1)population 单独作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。但要注意: population 作主语且有分数或百分数修饰时,其谓语动词用单复数形式均可。(2)询问人口数量时要用“Whats the population of?”,表示人口“多”可用large或big;表示人口“少”用small。AB核心考点突破【题6】 同义句转换The population of the United States is nearly 327 million from the data in

14、2018.The United States of nearly 327 million from the data in 2018.【归纳拓展】(3)表示“某地有多少人口”有两种表达方式:The population of+某地+be+数词.某地+has a population of+数词.has a population核心考点突破 practisev.练习【题7】 选择正确的选项Before she went abroad, she spent as much time as she couldEnglish.A.to practise to speak B.practising sp

15、eaking C.to practise speaking D.practising to speak 【归纳拓展】practise用法小结:(1)practise sth 练习某事(2)practise doing sth练习做某事(3)practise的名词是 practice,两词发音相同;practice为不可数名词。【题8】 根据汉语意思完成句子(1)他们正在练习唱那首新歌。Theyre the new song.(2)把思想付诸实践。Put the idea into .Bpractising singingpractice核心考点突破 preferv. 更喜欢【题9】 选择正确的

16、选项Do you prefer basketball with me? No, Id rather at home and watch TV. A.play; stay B.to play; to stay C.play; to stay D.to play; stay【归纳拓展】D核心考点突破【题10】 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空(1)Im sleepy.I prefer at home to going out for a walk.(sleep)(2)He preferred renting a car to one of his own.(have)(3)She preferred

17、 clothes rather than buy some in the shops.(make)sleepinghavingto make核心考点突破 preventv.阻止【题11】 选择正确的选项(1)These trees can prevent the soil fromwhen it rains.A.wash away B.washing away C.washed away D.being washed away(2)My sister said nothing could prevent her hanging out with her friends on weekends.

18、A.From B.of C.to D.against【归纳拓展】prevent可以直接带宾语,表示“阻止/禁止做某事”; prevent sb (from) doing sth表示“阻止某人做某事”。同义短语有stop sb (from) doing sth和keep sb from doing sth。Nothing can prevent us going shopping this Sunday.没有什么可以阻止我们这个星期天去购物。【题12】 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空Please prevent the studentsbikes on the road.Its very dan

19、gerous.(ride)DAriding核心考点突破look forward to期待,盼望【题13】 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空Jane is my new pen pal and I often look forward to her e-mail.(receive)【归纳拓展】1.look forward to (doing) sth意为“盼望/期望/期待(做)某事”,其中to为介词。2.含有介词to的动词短语:pay attention to doing sth关注做某事stick to doing sth坚持做某事be used to doing sth习惯于做某事【题14】

20、根据汉语提示写短语We should(注意,关注) protecting our city from being polluted.receivingpay attention to核心考点突破 make up构成;编造;补偿;打扮【题15】 写出句子中make up的含义(1)This made up 15% of their total income.(2)She soon made up the lessons she had missed.(3)Its not true.She makes it up.(4)She made up as an old lady.【归纳拓展】make u

21、p的多重意义:(1)构成,组成,占(2)编造,捏造 (3)赔偿,补偿,弥补(4)打扮,化妆占补上编造装扮一词多义积累(1)My wife and I discovered some superb places to eat.(2)Come and sit here. Ive saved you a place. (3)Janes goals helped Britain win the third place in the Barcelona Olympics. (4)Brand folded it in his handkerchief and placed it in the inside

22、 pocket of his jacket.(5)I placed 2nd and 3rd a few times but never won 1st. (6)I have seen her before but I just cant place her. 1.placeA.n.地点,场所B.n.(尤指占用或空着的)座位;位置C.n.(比赛或竞赛获得的)名次D.v.放置,安放E.v.取得名次F.v.辨别根据语境,判断单词在句中的意思(写出该词所属义项的英文大写字母即可)并翻译句子一词多义积累答案 (1)A句意:我和妻子发现了一些就餐的极好去处。(2)B句意:来坐这儿吧,我给你留了个座位。(3)C句意:简的进球帮助英国队在巴塞罗那奥运会上获得了第三名。(4)D句意:布兰德用手绢把它包好,放到自己夹克的内兜里。(5)E句意:我好几次名列第二、第三,但从未得过冠军。(6)F句意:我之前见过她,但就是认不出来