山西省太原市山西大学附中2022-2023学年高三适应性调研考试英语试题含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1_the fierce competition in job seeking, many university graduates have no choice but to reduce their own demand for the salary.AFaced BFacing

2、CTo face DHaving faced2Join us and you will discover an environment _ you can make the most of your skills and talents.AthatBwhereChowDwhat3- Mum, look at my shoes. I need a new pair.- .I bought them for you only a week ago!AYou bet BYou said itCYou dont say DYou name it4Im going to spend the summer

3、 holiday in Hainan,_ lives my uncle.AwhereBwhoCwhichDwhen5No driving after drinking is a rule that every driver _ obey in our country.AwillBshallCmayDcan6_, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.AAs long as I have traveled BMuch as I have traveledCNow that I have traveled so much DAs I ha

4、ve traveled so much7-Sorry for having kept you waiting. But for the traffic jam，I_ 20 minutes earlier Never mind，I havent been waiting that long.AarrivedBwould have arrivedCwould arriveDhad arrived8_! Somebody has broken the vase!Dont look at me.ACome onBHi,thereCThank goodnessDDear me9_ a record-br

5、eaking seven Golden Globes, the musical La La Land surprisingly does not appeal to Chinese viewers.AWinning BWonCHaving won DTo win10The scientist does not study nature _ it is useful to do so. He studies it because he takes pleasure in it.AuntilBbecauseCthoughDunless11With the development of scienc

6、e, more new technology _ to the fields of IT.Ahas introducedBis being introducedCis introducedDwas introduced12Never turn down a job because you think its too small. You dont know _ it can lead.Ahow BwhereCwhether Dwhat13When faced with a big challenge _ potential failure seems to hide at every corn

7、er, maybe youve heard this advice before: “Be more confident.”AwhereBwhoseCwhichDof which14The problem with the current system allows anyone to commit a similar crime without . It needs to be fixed.Abeing punished BpunishedCto punish Dpunishing15-Hi, Johnson, any idea where Susan is?-It is class tim

8、e, so she _ in the classroom now.Acan beBmust have beenCmight have beenDshould be16The petrol in the car _ on our way to the beach, so we had to walk there.Agave upBgave offCgave inDgave out17Jane realized her _ to become the first woman to run the 10,000 metres within 30 minutes.Aachievement Bcommi

9、tmentCcompetition Dambition18_ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to see films so often.AIf it is notBHad it not beenCWere it notDIf they were not19_ up early in the morning to have a walk, I am sure, you are likely to feel active all dayAGetBHaving gotCGettingDTo get20Having lost something

10、 in the cloakroom，I went inside to get it，and found Roy _ the pockets of peoples coats.Agoing aroundBgoing afterCgoing againstDgoing through第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） Trees, some of the tallest in the world, towered above Hannah Griffiths and her colleagues each morning

11、as they walked deep into the rainforest in the Maliau Basin in Borneo, where they had set up a set of experiments to look at the ecological effects of small creatures: termites (白蚁).Termites get a bum rap. They make headlines for chewing up billions of dollars of property each year in the U. S. And

12、they are responsible for something like two percent of global carbon emissions, simply as a result of their huge populations and preference for chewing through carbonrich materials. A whole industry is aiming at killing them.But they play a key role in many natural ecosystems. Scientists have known

13、for years that in tropical (热带的) forests, termites chew up fallen leaves and dead wood, keeping the fallen material under control and letting nutrients from the dead material back into the system to be used by other plants, insects, and animals. But they didnt know exactly how important the insects

14、were in keeping the forest healthy and functional, so they removed termites from a particular spot in the forest and saw how it responded.As luck would have it, Hannah Griffiths and her colleagues started their experiment when the forest was hit by an extreme drought (干旱). During the non-drought yea

15、rs, they saw there wasnt much difference between the normal plots and the ones where theyd removed the termites. But during the drought, the effects were marked. What they found was unexpected: in the termite-rich areas, the soil stayed slightly wet, more tree seedlings sprouted (抽芽), and the system

16、 was full of activity despite the long, hard dry spell.For Griffiths, it was only because they happened to study the drought that they could pick out the real importance of termites to the system, she points out. “And that rings alarm bells in my head,” she says, “because it makes me think, well wha

17、t else dont we know? If we start damaging biological communities, we dont know what that will do.”1、Which of the following best explains “a bum rap” underlined in Paragraph 2?AUnfair blame.BWide popularity.CPublic attention.DSpecial preference.2、What have scientists learned about termites?AThey do s

18、erious harm to tropical rainforests.BThey contribute a lot to the ecosystem they live in.CThey act as food for other plants, insects and animals.DThey speed up the loss of nutrition in the rainforest.3、What can we infer from the finding of Griffiths experiment?ATermites help rainforests survive clim

19、ate change.BTermites prefer drought years to non-drought ones.CTermites benefit more from the forest during the drought.DTermites enjoy eating tree seedlings during the drought.4、What does Griffiths tell us in the last paragraph?ATermites are now in danger of extinction.BTermites damage biological c

20、ommunities.CWe should think twice before damaging a species.DWe should study the drought to improve the system.22（8分） In Asia, there are special competitions where kites have complex designs and are fitted with instruments that make musical sounds as the wind blows through them. Although all kites h

21、ave a similar structure (结构), they are widely different in size and shape. Kite-fighting competitions are also held, in which competitors use their kites to attack and bring down their opponents (对手) kites or cut their strings (线).For more than 15 years, the Big Wind Kite Factory has been giving kit

22、e-making and kite-flying classes for the children on an island in Hawaii. In its kite-making lessons, students can make kites in as little as 20 minutes! Children as young as four years old can learn how to fly a kite. Jonathan Socher and his wife Daphne started the kite factory in 1980. Their kites

23、 are made of nylon (尼龙). Their designs are Hawaiian themes created by Daphne. The designs are cut out of the nylon with a hot knife that seals the edges and then fastened directly onto the kite.The kite that is used to give lessons is a regular diamond kite with a rainbow pattern. The difference bet

24、ween this kite and the ones they make during the lessons is that it is a two-string controllable kite. Big Wind employees fly the kite and for a few minutes show students how pulling on one line and then on the other controls the direction the kite goes in. Then the controls are given to the student

25、s.Jonathan insists that it is not necessary to make a huge impressive kite to have fun making and flying kites. Even the simplest structure can work, and can give hours of fun. Go on, give it a try!1、Which of the following is true according to the text?AA hot knife is used to iron the nylon.BChildre

26、n never fly kites on their own in flying lessons.CKite strings must not be cut in kite-fighting competitions.DDaphne designs kites for the Big Wind Kite Factory.2、What is different about the kite used for flying lessons?AIt has two strings.BIt is simple in design.CIt has a rainbow pattern.DIt is sha

27、ped like a diamond.3、According to Jonathan, what do you need to have fun with kites?AA large kite.BAny type of kite.CA complex structure.DA kite that impresses others.4、What is mainly described in the text?AA kite factory.BKite-flying lessons.CSpecial competitions.DThe kite-making process.23（8分）Robe

28、rt F. Kennedy once said that a countrys GDP measures “everything except that which makes life worthwhile”. With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulne

29、ss has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UKs GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everythin

30、g, was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their countrys economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countri

31、es measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more

32、 rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent themes. Yes, there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in key indicators in areas such as health and education, major economi

33、es have continued to decline. Yet this isnt the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society, income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn; When GDP is no longer regarded as

34、the sole measure of a countrys success, the world looks very different.So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough, It does not include important factors such as environmenta

35、l quality or education outcomes all things that contribute to a persons sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. But policymakers who refocus efforts on improv

36、ing well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.1、Robert F, Kennedy is cited because he .Apraised the UK for its GDP Bidentified GDP with happinessCsaw the problem with GDP Dmisinterpreted the role of GDP2、Which of the following

37、is true about the recent annual study?AIt is sponsored by 163 countries. BIt excludes GDP as an indicator.CIts criteria are questionable. DIts results are inspiring.3、In the last two paragraphs, the author suggests that .Athe UK is preparing for an economic boomBhigh GDP predicts an economic decline

38、Cit is essential to consider factors beyond GDPDit requires caution to handle economic issues4、Which of the following is the best title for the text?AHigh GDP But Inadequate Well-being, a UK LessonBGDP Figures, a Window on Global Economic HealthCRobert F. Kennedy, a Terminator of GDPDBrexit, the UKs

39、 Gateway to Well-being24（8分）My grandmother Rosalind Einhorn was born exactly fifty-two years before I was, on August 28, 1917. Like many poor Jewish families in New York City, hers lived in a small, crowded apartment close to their relatives. Her parents, aunts, and uncles addressed her male cousins

40、 by their given names, but she and her sister were referred to only as “Girlie”.During the Depression my grandmother was pulled out of Morris High School to help support the household by sewing fabric flowers onto undergarments that her mother could resell for a tiny profit. No one in the community

41、would have considered taking a boy out of school. A boys edocation was the familys hope to move up the financial and social ladder. Education for girls, however, was less significant both financially, since they were unlikely to contribute to the familys income, and culturally, since boys were expec

42、ted to study the Torah while girls were expected to run a “proper home?!” Luckily for my grandmother, a local teacher insisted that her parents put her back into school. She went on not only to finish high school but to graduate from U.C Berkeley.After college, “Girlie” worked selling pocketbooks an

43、d accessories at Davids Fifth Avenue. When she left her job to marry my grandfather, Davids had to hire four people to replace her. Years later, when my grandfathers paint business was struggling, she jumped in and looked some of the hard steps he was reluctant to take, helping to save the family fr

44、om financial ruin. She displayed her business ability again in her forties. After being diagnosed (诊断) with breast cancer, she beat it and then devoted herself to raising money for the clinic that treated her by selling some watches. Girlie ended up with a profit that Apple would envy. I have never

45、met anyone with more energy and determination than my grandmother.When my grandmother had children of her ownmy mother and her two brothersshe emphasized education for all of them. My mother attended the University of Pennsylvania. When she graduated in 1965 with a degree in French literature, she s

46、urveyed a workforce that she believed consisted of two career options for women: teaching or nursing. She chose teaching. She began a Ph. Dprogramme, got married, and then dropped out when she became pregnant with me. It was thought to be a sign of weakness if a husband needed his wifes help to supp

47、ort their family, so my mother became a stay-at-home parent and an active volunteer. The centuries-old division of labour stood.Even though I grew up in a traditional home, my parents had the same expectations for me. My sister, and my brother, all three of us were encouraged to do well in school, d

48、o equal routine tasks, and participate in after-school activities. We were all supposed to be athletic too. My brother and sister joined sports teams, but I was the kid who got picked last in gym. Despite my athletic shortcomings, I was raised to believe that girls could do anything boys could do an

49、d that all career paths were open to me.When I arrived at college in the fall of 1987, my classmates of both genders seemed equally focused on academics. I dont remember thinking about my future career differently from the male students. I also dont remember any conversations about someday balancing

50、 work and children. My friends and I assumed that we would have both. Men and women competed openly and aggressively with one another in classes, activities, and job interviews. Just two generations removed from my grandmother, the playing field seemed to be level.But more than twenty years after my

51、 college graduation, the world has not evolved nearly as much as I believed it would. Almost all of my male classmates work in professional settings. Some of my female classmates work full-time or part-time outside the home, and just as many are stay-at-home mothers and volunteers like my mom. This

52、mirrors the national trend. In comparison to their male counterparts (相同能力者), highly trained women are scaling back and dropping out of the workforce in high numbers.1、Why were the writers grandma and her sisters called “Girlie”?AThey had not yet got their given nams.BThey were highly valued by thei

53、r ciders.CThey shared apparent similarities in many ways.DThey were regarded as less important than boys.2、From Paragraph 2 we can mainly learn _.Ahow people suffered during the DepressionBwhat resulted in the social division of labourCwho took responsibility for supporting a familyDwhy education wa

54、s essential for all the children3、What conclusion can we draw about the writers grandmother?AShe was an extraordinarily able and tough woman.BShe was full of ideas for solving various problems.CShe benefited greatly from her family background.DShe had special ways of teaching her own children.4、What

55、 might people think when the writers mother gave up her job?AHer freedom of choice ought to be well respected.BHer job should be taken over by a younger person.CIt was a real shame about her losing that good job.DIt was quite normal for a woman like her to do so.5、From the description of the writers

56、 own life, we can see _.Agreat expectations in the students mindsBseeming social progress in certain aspectCinnocent friendship between boys and girlsDpositive attitudes to work and competitions6、By writing the passage the writer intends to reveal _.Athe necessity of womens educationBthe importance

57、of womens liberationCthe existence of gender discriminationDthe lives of three generations of women25（10分）You already know that making a good first impression can go a long way. But forget all the advice youve received about dressing to impress or putting on a cheesy smile. It turns out that the tru

58、e secret to building a lasting connection reaches much deeper than what you wear.According to Amy Cuddy, a Harvard Business School professor who has researched first impressions for more than 15 years, everyone asks two questions when they meeting someone new: Can I trust this person? And can I resp

59、ect this person?Both questions help you measure a persons warmth and competence, respectively. But, Cuddy says, you should put gaining your peers trust over winning their respecteven in a workplace setting. “If someone youre trying to influence doesnt trust you, youre not going to get very far; in f

60、act, you might even draw suspection because you come across as a controller,” Cuddy wrote in her book Presence: Bringing Your Boldest Self to Your Biggest Challenges. “A warm, trustworthy person who is also strongly admired, but only after youve established trust does your strength become a gift rat