陕西咸阳高考英语阅读理解

1、陕西省咸阳市2014高考英语阅读理解（6）及答案【2014高考英语安徽省六校联考】CI once had a house guest from Cuba. During his visit, I happened to throw anold broken blender （ 搅拌机）in the trash. The next day it was sitting on my counter一in working order. In his world, people simply cannot afford to replace an itemwhich doesnt work prope

2、rly. They take the time and figure out how to fix it.In Cuba,they are still driving cars from the 1960 s, mainly because they do not have achoice.In contrast, the U.S. is a“throw - away society. Statistics show that eachAmerican produces six pounds of trash per day.I believe a combination of factors

3、has contributed to this phenomenon.a Planned obsolescence（ 废弃）is not a secret. It is a manufacturing （ 制造 业）philosophy developed in the 1920 s and 1930 s, when mass production becamepopular. The goal is to make a product or part that will fail, or becomeless desirable over time or after a certain am

4、ount of use. This pressures the consumer to buy again.Planned obsolescence does keep costs down.Instead of making an expensiveproduct that will last a long time, businesses produce more affordable, disposable（ 次性的）items. Some electronic items have become so inexpensive that it is cheaper to replace

5、them than to repair them.Busy people often value their time and convenience more than money. If a carstarts to have mechanical problems, replacing it with a newer, more reliable model may be more appealing than tolerating it being in the garage for a week.In addition, advertising trains consumers to

6、 want what is new and improved.It convinces them that the more they have, the happier they will be.Unlike people in many developing countries, we live in a world of abundance.A study by Dr. Timothy Jones of the University of Arizona also found that in the U.S., 40-50 percent of all food ready for ha

7、rvest is wasted. Abundance and waste soon became closely associated in the American way of life.B. they are poorD. they live a low-carbon lifeIn Cuba, people usually fix a broken item instead of buying a new one becauseA. wasting is prohibited thereC. they are interested in fixing thingsAccording to

8、 the article, planned obsolescence.I-A. began before mass production became popular|is intended to encourage consumers to buy more thingsresults in higher prices of itemsrequires factories to produce high-quality productsWhich of the following is NOT true about thethrow-away society in the U.S.?Peop

9、le prefer to buy a new blender rather than repair the broken one.A large quantity of food has been wasted. TOC o 1-5 h z People believe that the more they have, the happier they will be.IPeople all hold the belief that money comes first.What may be the writer s attitude towards a throw-away society?

10、A. Supportive.B. Critical.C. Tolerant.D.Optimistic.【参考答案】6467 BBDB 68-71 CBCC 7275 BADB HYPERLINK l bookmark2 o Current Document 【2014高考英语安徽省六校联考】DXI AN - China has introduced various emergency responses and long-term measures against air pollution in the central and eastern regions.The air quality

11、index (AQI) for Xi an reached 500 on Wednesday afternoon, atthe top of the AQI scale, according to the national air quality monitoring website.Xi an weather forecasters predict the smog (雾霾)will continue for the next weekand air pollution may worsen.I have to keep buying masks for my family,said Liu

12、, buying masks at a pharmacy（药店）near her home in downtown Xi an. This is the only thing we can do to protect ourselves.”On Wednesday, a city government emergency response plan was put into action, suspending all construction and taking at least 50 percent of government vehicles off the road. Power p

13、lants must limit their output and reduce emissions.Nearly half the country, more than 100 cities in 20 provinces, has suffered from smog since last December. Many have taken action, including experimenting with artificial methods to reduce smog, limiting vehicle use and fining polluters.Assessments

14、based on GDP alone were abandoned last month and more emphasis has been put on public well-being and the environment. Whether the move will be effective in forcing local governments consider environmental issues over economic growth remains to be seen. Environmental protection professionals are doub

15、tful about the immediacy of the effects of these measures.Xiao Hang, an urban researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said it took London 50 years to lose the moniker （ 绰号）“foggy London town ” , and Los Angelesstill struggles to control its photochemical （光化学 ）smog. We can t ignoreenvironment

16、al problems during the development process and China has a long way to go,“ he said.What would be the best title for the article?AQI for Xi an reached 500Smog crisis tries the limits of people s patienceSmoggy Chinese cities to clear the airDust masks become hot sellersThe underlined word a suspendi

17、ng in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by.A. encouragingB. stoppingC. continuingD.expandingWe can infer from the article that.China is the only country suffering from smogenvironmental professionals believe the air quality will soon be improved with these measuresassessments based on GDP alone were harmf

18、ul to environmental protectionXi an was the most polluted city in ChinaWhat Xiao Hang said indicates.London still has serious air pollution after 50 years of effortthe development of China is more importantsolving environmental problems requires great effortit s normal for China to have environmenta

19、l problems【参考答案】6871 CBCC【2014高考英语广东省中山市华侨中学二模试题】DSparrow is a fast-food chain with 200 restaurants. Some years ago, the group towhich Sparrow belonged was taken over by another company. Although Sparrow showedno sign of declining, the chain was generally in an unhealthy state. With more andmore fas

20、t-food concepts reaching the market, the Sparrow menu had to struggle forattention. And to make matters worse, its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.Sparrow failed to grow for another two years. Until a new CEO, Carl Pearson,decided to build up its market share. He did a survey

21、, which showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain, while customers of other fast-food chains were unwilling to turn away fromthem. Sparrowhad to develop a new promotional campaign.Pearson faced a battle over the future of the Sparrow brand. Th

22、e chain s ownernow favored rebranding Sparrow as Marcy s restaurants. Pearson resisted, arguing for an advertising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow restaurants were fun. Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship betweena company and the general public was unu

23、sual for that time. Pearson strongly believed that numbers were the key to success, rather than customers speeding power. Finally, the owner accepted his idea.The campaign itself changed the traditional advertising style of the fast-foodindustry. The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and fe

24、atured original songs performed by a variety of stars. Instead of showing the superiority of a specificproduct, the intension was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers.Pearson also made other decisions which he believed would contribute to the newSparrow image. For example, he offered

25、to lower the rent of any restaurants which achieved a certain increase in their turnover （营业额）.These efforts paid off, and Sparrow soon became one of the most successfulfast-food chains in the regions where it operated.Which was one of the problems Sparrow faced before Pearson became CEO?The number

26、of its customers was decliningIts customers found the food unhealthyIt was in need of financial supportMost of its restaurants were closedWhat does the unde rlined word them in Paragraph 2 refer to?customers of Sparrow restaurantsSparrow restaurantscustomers of other fast-food chainsother fast-food

27、chainsFor what purpose did Pearson start the advertising campaign?To build a good relationship with the publicTo stress the unusual tradition of SparrowTo lear n about customers spending power.To meet the challenge from Marcy s restaurants.The TV ads of Sparrow.changed people s views on pop starsamu

28、sed the public with original songsfocused on the superiority of its productsinfluenced the eating habits of the audienceWhat was Pearson s achievement as a CEO?He managed to pay off Sparrow s debts.He made Sparrow much more competitiveHe helped Sparrow take over a companyHe improved the welfare of S

29、parrow employees【参考答案】41-45. CDABBPassage Twenty (NCB in Interpol)The organization known to the world as Interpol has sometimes been described as an outfit of chisel-jawed gimlet-eyed crime fighters who put their lives in jeopardy every working hour. Less flatteringly, Interpol has also been describ

30、ed as a huge filing cabinet, stuffed with clerks choking on their own statistics.As with most generalities, there is some truth in both statements. There are, certainly, some grim battlers of crime to be found working with Interpol. There are, just as surely, those drones shuffling mountains of pape

31、r whose cheeks are sallow from indoor life. Consider the charisma of the name alone: INTERPOL, the international police force. Continents leaped in a single bound, oceans crossed in the space of a breath, villains watched by eyes that never sleep. Surprisingly, a lot of it happens almost that way.Fo

32、ur groups coordinate and direct the activities of Interpol. One of them is the National Central Bureaus, or NCBs, bodies designated by the member nations to serve as their link with Interpol. These are the front-line troops, the action people. IN the United States, the Treasury Department is the Nat

33、ional Central Bureau. In the United Kingdom, it is Scotland Yard; the Questura in Italy and the Melbourne City Police in Australia. Because police organization varies from country, the NCBs were established to act as the one special group to handle Interpol chores and unsure maximumcooperation betwe

34、en nations. Each NCBis usually an official government body with police powers if a country has only one central police authority, that bodybecomes the National Centre Bureau. Of course, any service appointed as an NCB is bound to its nation s law and authority and retains its national title.Each NCB

35、 is connected by radio to the regional station for its geographic zone. Theregional stations are connected to the Central Station in France. The radio networkis versatile. Network stations can monitor the Central station or any regional station.Because of this messages can be broadcast to more than

36、one station at a time. A coding system determines the urgency of each message so that those with high priority can be given precedence. Besides, other communication tools, such as radio-teleprintersand phototelegraphy equipment. Permit rapid transfers of fingerprints and photographs.Sometimes ever m

37、ore advanced technology is employed. When the police all over theworld were looking for a Canadian named George Leray, they turned to the Early BirdSatellite. Leray had led his gang on a daring holdup of a Montreal bank and gottenaway with $4 million. Scotland Yard broadcast Leray s photo to the wor

38、ld by satellite.An American who saw the picture in Florida recognized Leray as a man who was living on a yacht in Fort Lauderdale under an assumed name. The police were alerted and arrested Leray.The Quality of the Interpol.D. The Rapid Development of the. cause and effect.D. development.What is the

39、 best title for this passage?A. The Function of the Interpol.C. The Organization of the Interpol.Interpol.The organization of this passage isA. general to specific.C. comparison and contrast.The sentence “stuffed with clerks choking on their own statistics” in the first paragraph is closest in meani

40、ng to. a lot of employees busying in their work. many office workers busying with various documents. crowded with office workers busying with their own collected data. workers busying in their own information.Which is the easiest tool to communicate?A. Satellite. Radio.Teleprinter.D. Phototelegraphy

41、.Vocabulary1.Interpol国际刑警组织2.outfit全班人马，有组织团体3.chisel-jawed仪表英俊的4.gimlet-eyed目光锐利的5.jeopardy危险6.flatteringly奉承7.choke闷死choking on their own statistics被自己的统计数字弄的喘不过气来8.as with most generalities和大多数笼统说法一样9.grim冷酷的10.drone懒汉，懒洋洋的人11.shuffle反复挪动，舌L翻，洗（纸牌）12.charisma超凡的魅力13.National Central Bureaus国家中心局1

42、4.Treasury Department财政部（美）15.Questura警察局（意）16.Melbourne墨尔本警察局17.chore日常零星工作18.to be bound to受的约束，义务,19.geographic zone地区，地带20.versatile后多方圆用途的radio-teleprinterphototelegraphdaringholdupalert待命状态无线电打印机传真大胆的抢劫使警惕，使处于难句译注The organization known to the world as Interpol has sometimes beendescribed as an outfit of chisel-jawed gimlet-eyed crime fighters who put their lives in jeopardy every working hour. Less flatteringly, Interpol has also been d