江苏开放大学综合英语（进阶）形考作业一

1、我的课程综合英语（进阶）阶段性小结一形成性考核作业一（占总成绩7. 5%）作业详情QA1. Fill in the blanks with the words or expressions given in a word bank below. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each blank.A.gives way toB.are liableto C.parallelsD.resortedto E. peculiarF.saddled

2、withG.calculate H.boostI.prospect J.stand upforThere is a real need to 1 academic achievement in schools and help with the development of a students overall character.Being a single parent, there is no way for her to 2 the time and energy she has devoted to her children for the past 10 years.Not unt

3、il recently have we realized that the increasing world population may- lead to a potential gloomy 3for humanity:starvation.Because women often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight,they may not consume enough iron-rich food and 4experience an iron deficiency.During the weeks of discussi

4、ons, delegations from groups who are interested in the resolution may call on representatives to 5their point of view.Ernest Hemingway，s keen insight into his society, ardent love for people and perceptive abilities helped him to form his own 6characteristic of writing.The change in smoking habits 7

5、a change in the incidence of lung cancer. The more people smoke,the more chances of occurrence for lung cancer.As a result of her divorce, she was obviously 8 the double burden of playing the role of both mother and father.As our sweet childhood 9adolescence，s temptation of love,we begin to learn, a

6、s adults, that most pleasures do not last forever.In the economic recession, employers 10 the reduction of costs, most particularly in wages, in order to survive in the competitive world markets.客观题总分值：20分得分：20分第1空分值：2分第2空分值：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分第6空分值：2分第7空分值：2分第8空分值：2分第9空分值：2分第10空分值：2分正确答案：H；

7、G； I； B； J； E； C； F； A； D 学生答案：H； G； I； B； J； E； C； F； A； D老师点评：答案解析：boost academic achievement 提高学业成绩calculate the time and energy 计算时间和精力gloomy prospect for humanity对于人类而言暗淡的前景 be liable to experience an iron deficiency 容易缺铁 stand up for their point of view 支持他们的观点 peculiar characteristic of writi

8、ng 独特的写作风格 parallels吸烟习惯的改变与肺癌发病率的变化相一致be saddled with the double burden of 肩负起双重角色的重任gives way to甜蜜的童年让位于青春期对爱情的诱惑 resorted to老板们不得不减少开支，甚至减少工资A2. Read the passage and select one word for each blank.A. unavoidablyB. transitionC. enormousD. radicalE. MeanwhileF.definitelyG. adulthoodH. traditionalT.

9、tendJ.resentThe odyssey years refer to a life stage that young people have to go through. It，s described as an unsteady or fluid journey that young people need to take before they enter 1.The contemporary generation, also called pre-adults, adolescents, the lost generation, extended adolescents or e

10、merging adults, are living in a society full of 2changes. They graduated into one of the worst economies in decades, saddled with 3pressure. According to a news report, half of recent college graduates are unemployed or underemployed with low-wage service jobs.Research shows that young people, with

11、prideful attitudes, 4 to be more depressed and less motivated if they are underemployed for just nine months.Since they usually 5competitive pressure,they often resort to heavy drinking to help distract them from their pain and stress.they act with rebellious behaviors, keep a distance from their pa

12、rents, or even run away from home.In this 7phase, many young people unfortunately underestimate the satisfaction that comes from joining the working world.During this unavoidable stage of their life,they are moving back home, going back to school or embracing unpaid internships as new starter jobs.

13、Lacking 8aspirations, they are marrying later and starting families still later. However, they 9 enjoy having fun. Obviously, in this unique phase, many young people think real life starts later, but they are actually falling behind. They don，t really understand that they are 10facing peculiar chall

14、enges and dealing with a phenomenon that is a matter of choice in many cases.客观题总分值：20分得分：20分第1空分值：2分第2空分值：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分第6空分值：2分第7空分值：2分第8空分值：2分第9空分值：2分第10空分值：2分正确答案：G； D； C； T； J； E； B； H； F； A 学生答案：G； D； C； I； J； E； B； H； F； A老师点评：A3. Read the passage and choose the best answers.Passa

15、ge One. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.A recent global survey of 2, 000 high-net-worth individuals found about 60%were not planning on a traditional retirement. Among U. S. participants, 75%expected to continue working in some capacity even after stepping away from full-time job

16、s. Many of these people made their wealth by doing something they，re passionate （有激情 的）about, “says Daniel Egan, head of behavioral finance for Barclays Wealth Americas. Given the choice, they prefer to continue working. Barclays calls these people，nevertirees,，.Unlike many Americans compelled into

17、early retirement by company restrictions,the average nevertiree often has no one forcing his hand.If 106-year-old investor Irving Kahn, head of his own family firm, wants to keep coming to work every day, whos going to stop him?Seventy-eight-year-old Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg，s job s

18、ecurity is guaranteed in the Constitution.It may seem that these elderly people are trying to cheat death. In fact, they are.And its working. Howard Friedman, a professor at UC Riverside,found in his research that those who work hardest and are successful in their careers often live the longest live

19、s. People are generally being given bad advice to slow down, take it easy, stop worrying, and retire to Florida, he says. He described one study participant, still working at the age of 100,who was recently disappointed to see his son retire.Were beginning to see a change in how people view retireme

20、nt, /zsays George Leeson, co-director of the Institute of Population Ageing at Oxford. Where once retirement was seen as a brief reward after a long struggle through some miserable job, it is now akin （近似）to being cast aside. What Leeson terms，/the Warren Buffett effectz，is becoming more broadly app

21、ealing as individuals come toview retirement as not simply being linked to economic productivity but also about contribution.Observers are split on whether this is a wholly good thing.On the one hand, companies and financial firms can benefit from the wisdom of a resilient (坚 韧的)chief. On the other

22、hand, the new generation can find it more difficult to advance一an argument that typically holds little sway to a nevertiree.What do we learn about the so-callednevertirees?A)They are passionate about making a fortune.B)They have no choice but to continue working.C)They love what they do and choose n

23、ot to retire.D)They will not retire unless they are compelled to.What do Irving Kahn and Ruth Bader Ginsburg have in common?A)Neither of them is subject to forced retirement.B)Neither of them desires reward for their work.C)Both cling to their positions despite opposition.D)Both are capable of copin

24、g with heavy workloads.What is the finding of Howard Friedman，s research?A)The harder you work,the bigger your fortune will be.B)The earlier you retire,the healthier you will be.C)Elderly people have to slow down to live longer.D)Working at an advanced age lengthens people，s life.What is the traditi

25、onal view of retirement according to the passage?A)It means a burden to the younger generation.B)It is a symbol of a mature and civilized society.C)It is a compensation for one，s life-long hard work.D)It helps increase a nations economic productivity.What do critics say about/，nevertirees，?A)They ar

26、e an obstacle to a companys development.B)They lack the creativity of the younger generation.C)They cannot work as efficiently as they used to.D)They prevent young people from getting ahead.客观题总分值：10分得分：10分第1空分值：2分第2空分值：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分正确答案：C； A； D； C； D学生答案：C； A； D； C； D老师点评：答案解析：A4. Read

27、 the passage and choose the best answers.Passage Two. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.When we talk about Americans barely into adulthood who are saddled with unbearable levels of debt,the conversation is almost always about student loan debt. But theres a growing body of evidence

28、 suggesting that todays young adults are also drowning in credit-card debt一and that many of them will take this debt to their graves.More than 20%overspent their income by more than$100 every single month. Since they haven，t built up their credit histories yet,its a safe bet that these young adults

29、are paying relatively high interest rates on the resulting credit card debt.Although many young people blamesocializingas a barrier to saving money, most of them aren，t knocking back$20 drinks in trendy (时尚的)lounges. They re struggling with much more daily financial demands.To a disturbingly large e

30、xtent,the young and the broke are relying on credit cards to make it until their next payday. This obviously isn，t sustainable in the long run, and its going to put a huge drag on their spending power even after they reach their peak earning years, because they，11 still be paying interest on that bo

31、ttle of orange juice or box of spagh6tti (意式面条)they bought a decade earlier.A new study out of Ohio State University found that young adults are accumulating credit card debt at a more rapid rate than other age groups, and that they re slower at paying it off. If what we found continues to hold true

32、, we may have more elderly people with substantial financial problems in the future, z，warns Lucia Dunn, professor of economics at Ohio State. If our findings persist, we may be faced with a financial crisis among elderly people who can，t pay off their credit cards. Dunn says a lot of these young pe

33、ople are never going to get out from under their credit card debt. z，Many people are borrowing on credit cards so heavily that payoff rates at these levels are not sufficient to recover their credit card debt by the end of their life, which could have loss implications for the credit card issuing ba

34、nks. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?A)Many young Americans will never be able to pay off their debts.B)Credit cards play an increasingly important role in college life.C)Credit cards are doing more harm than students loans.D)The American credit card system is under criticism.Why do you

35、ng people have to pay a higher interest on their credit card debt?A)They tend to forget about the deadlines.B)They haven? t developed a credit history.C)They are often unable to pay back in time.D)They are inexperienced in managing money.What is said to be the consequence of young adults relying on

36、credit cards to make ends meet?A)It will place an unnecessary burden on society.It will give them no motivation to work hard.C)It will exert psychological pressure on them.D)It will affect their future spending power.What will happen to young adults if their credit card debt keeps accumulating accor

37、ding to Lucia Dunn?A)They will have to pay an increasingly higher interest rate.B)They may experience a financial crisis in their old age.C)Their quality of life will be affected.D)Their credit cards may be cancelled.What does Lucia Dunn think might be a risk for the credit card issuing banks?A)They

38、 go bankrupt as a result of over-lending.B)They lose large numbers of their regular clients.C)Their clients leave their debts unpaid upon death.客观题总分值 第1空分值 第2空分值 第3空分值 第4空分值 第5空分值D)Their interest rates have to be reduced now and then.10分得分：10分2分2分2分2分2分正确答案：A； B； D； B； C 学生答案：A； B； D； B； C老师点评:答案解析

39、:A5. Read the passage and choose the best answers.Passage Three. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including o

40、ur eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV (or a similar distraction)can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual cues,like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect por

41、tion size and consumption.A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, peoples hunger levels were predicted not by how much they* d eaten but rather by how much food they，d seen in front of them 一in other words, how much they remember

42、ed eating.This disparity (差异)suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol.“Hunger isn，t controlled solely by the physical character

43、istics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal,，zBrunstrom says. This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought.These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our

44、 bodys response to the food itself.In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie(卡路里)milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones (荷尔蒙)，depending on whether the shake，s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover,the partic

45、ipants reported feeling more full when they thought they，d consumed a higher-calorie shake.What does this mean for our eating habits?Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitas

46、king while eating.The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says.What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite and food intake?A)How we perceive the food we eat.B)What ingredients the food contains.C)When we eat our meals.D)How fa

47、st we eat our meals.What would happen at meal time if you remembered eating a lot in the previous meal?A)You wouldB)You wouldC)You wouldD)You wouldprobably be more picky about food, not feel like eating the same food, have a good appetite.not feel so hungry.What do we learn from the 2011 study?A)Foo

48、d labels may mislead consumers in their purchases.B)Food labels may influence our body s response to food.C)Hunger levels depend on one，s consumption of calories.D)People tend to take in a lot more calories than necessary.B)Choose foodC)ConcentrateD)Pick dishes5. What is theWhat does Brunstrom sugge

49、st we do to control our appetite? A)Trick ourselves into eating less.with fewer calories.on food while eating.of the right size.main idea of the passage?A)Eating distractions often affect our food digestion.B)Psychological factors influence our hunger levels.C)Our food intake is determined by our bi

50、ological needs.客观题总分值: 第1空分值: 第2空分值: 第3空分值:D)Good eating habits will contribute to our health.10分得分：10分2分2分2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分正确答案：A； D； B； C； B 学生答案：A； D； B； C； B老师点评：答案解析：161A6. Translation. Translate the following passage into Chinese.Studying the humanities improves our ability to read and write.

51、 No matter what we do in life, we will have a huge advantage if we can read complex ideas and understand their meaning. We will have a bright career if we are the person in the office who can write a clear and elegant analysis of those ideasStudying the humanities makes us familiar with the language

52、 of emotion and the creative process. In an information economy, many people have the ability to produce a useful product such as a new MP3 player. Yet, very few people have the ability to create a spectacular brand:the iPod. Most importantly, studying the humanities invests us with great insight an

53、d self-awareness, thereby releasing our creative energy and talent in a positive and constructive manner.主观题总分值：10分得分：10分正确答案：学习人文学科会提高我们的阅读和写作能力。无论我们这一生中从事什么职业，如果我 们能读懂复杂的思想并理解它们的内涵，我们都会受益匪浅。如果我们是在办公室里能对这 些思想写出既明确又简洁的分析的人，我们会有光明的职业前景。学习人文学科会让我们熟 悉表达情感的语言及进行创造的过程。在信息经济中，很多人都有能力创造出一个如新的M P3播放器那样的有用产品

54、。然而，仅有很少的人具有能力创造出一个如iPod那样的精彩品 牌。最重要的是，学习人文学科使我们具有伟大的洞察力和自我意识，从而以积极和建设性 的方式来发挥我们的创造力和才艺。学生答案：学习人文学科可以提高我们的读写能力。无论我们在生活中做什么，我们都会有一个如 果我们能阅读复杂的想法并理解它们的意义，我们就有了巨大的优势。如果我们是办公室里 能对这些想法进行清晰而深入的分析的人，我们就会有一个光明的职业生涯！学人文科学让 我们熟悉情感的语言和创作过程，在信息经济中，许多人都有能力生产有用的产品，如新的 MP3播放器。只有很少的人有能力创造一个侧面的品牌：iPod。最重要的是，学习人文学科 会

55、给我们很大的洞察力和自我意识，从而以积极和建设性的方式释放我们的创造力和才能。老师点评：A7, Writing.Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic of advantages of mobile phones”.主观题总分值：20分得分：16分正确答案：Sample(Just for reference)During the last 10 years, the use of mobile phones has increased dramatical1 y, making it possible to contact others almost anywhere and at any time. To begin with,the ability to contact others wherever they are and at any time surely of fers benefits.One benef