【精准解析】山东省潍坊一中2020届高三高考一模英语试题+Word版含解析

1、英语学习讲义只要坚持梦想终会实现- -潍坊一中高71级一模模拟试题 英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分 50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AStagecoach Buses - Popular ticketsDayriderTravel as much as you like in one day.With Stagecoach Dayrider bus tickets you can make as many journeys as you like for one day. They offer mo

2、re value for money than buying a single or return, as you can travel on all Stagecoach buses within your chosen ticket zone. Buy tickets using the Stagecoach Bus App or buy on the bus. with contactless payments now available on all our buses, you dont need to worry about finding the correct changeBu

3、s and BoatUnlimited bus travel for one car in the selected zone, plus a boat rideExplore the countryside on bus and then enjoy the fine mountain views from the comfort of a boat deck. You can board one of our many boats or steamers located at four of the districts most outstanding lakes. Stagecoach

4、have combined bus boat tickets which are available for Coniston, Detwent Water, Ullswater and WindermereSightseeing TicketsNever get lost and dont miss a thing.Hop-on and hop-off all day as much as you like at any of the bus stops on the route and see all the best sights and attractions your chosen

5、town or city has to offer. Youll also leam lots of history along the way from one of our expert guidesStudent TicketsFlexible student bus ticketsAre you a student and getting ready for the new term? You can travel for a lot less with Stagecoachs student bus tickets. Youll need a current student ID c

6、ard with a photo to buy aStagecoach student ticket. The name on your ID card will need to match the name on your ticket.What is true about the Dayrider ticket?You need the correct change to buy itYou can use it to travel anywhere in the city.It can be purchased with your mobile phone.It can be used

7、with any bus company.If you want to go sightseeing around of the lake areas, which ticket is the most suitable?A. Dayrider.B. Bus and Boat.C. Sightseeing.D. Student tickets.What is needed if you want to buy a student ticket?A. A photo of yourself.B. Your name.C. The bus app.D. Valid student ID.【答案】1

8、. C 2. B 3. D【解析】【分析】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了旅行出售的几种不同的票。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据 Dayrider 中 Buy tickets using the Stagecoach Bus App or buy on the bus.（ 使用 Stagecoach巴士应用程序购买车票或在巴士上购买。）可知，可以用手机购买 the Dayrider ticketo 故选 C 项。2题详解】推理判断题。根据 Bus and Boat 中 You can board one of our many boats or steamers located at four of

9、 the districts most outstanding lakes.（您可以登上我们众多船只中的一艘，或是位于四个地区 中最杰出的湖泊的轮船。）可知，如果想环湖观光，公共汽车和船票最合适。故选 B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据 Flexible student bus tickets 中 Youll need a current student ID card with a phototo buy a Stagecoach student ticket. The name on your ID card will need to match the name on your tick

10、et.（你需要一张有照片的学生证才能买一张公共马车学生票。你的身份证上的名字需要和你的车票上的名字相匹配。）可知，如果你想买学生票，需要有效的学生证。故选 D项。【点睛】细节理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。 它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料 中可以找到。以本文第1小题为例，本题运用定位法：根据 Dayrider中Buy tickets using theStagecoach Bus App or buy on the bus.可知，使用 Stagecoach巴士应用程序购买车票或在巴士 上购买。因此可以用手机购

11、买the “Dayrider” ticket。故选C项。BIt was the small hours of the morning when we reached London Airport. I had cabled London from Amsterdam, and there was a hired car to meet, but there was one more unfortunate happening before I reached my flat. In all my travels I have never, but for that once, been req

12、uired by the British customs to open a single bag or to do more than state that I carried no goods liable to duty. It was, of course, my fault; the extreme tiredness and nervous tension of the journey had destroyed my diplomacy （夕卜交）.I was, for whichever reason, so tired that I could hardly stand, a

13、nd to the question,“have you read this? ” I replied with extreme foolishness,“ yes, hundreds of times. ”“And you have nothing to declare?” a Nothing.”h How long have you been out of this country?” A About three months. ”A And during that time you have acquired nothing?” Nothing but what is on the li

14、st I have givenyou.He seemed momentarily at a loss, but then he attacked. The attack, when it came, was utterly unexpected. Where did you get that watch? I could have kicked myself. Two days before, when playing water games with a friend in the bath, I had forgotten to take off my ROLEX, and it had,

15、 not unnaturally, stopped. I had gone into the market and bought, for twelve shillings and six pence, an ugly time piece that made a strange noise. It had stopped twice, without any reason, during the journey.I explained, but I had already lost face. I produced my own watch from a pocket, and added

16、that I should be grateful if he would confiscate （ 没收）the replacement.“It is not a question of confiscation,“ he said, “there is a fine for failing to declare dutiable go（And now may I please examine that Rolex?It took another quarter of an hour to persuade him that the Rolex was not contraband （走私货

17、）.Just when I let out a sigh of relief, he began to search my luggage!When did the writer arrive at London Airport?A. In the early morning.B. Late at night.C. At noon.D. Late in the morning.What can we conclude from the questions asked by the customs officer?He was just doing his duty by asking the

18、passenger some usual questions.He must have noticed the writers ugly watch.He wanted to embarrass the writer.He must have noticed the writers tiredness.What did the writer think of the watch he bought in the market?He was fond of the watch because it was a Rolex.He found the watch useful though it w

19、as very cheap.C. He didnt like the watch at all.D. He was interested in the watch.After reading the story we can infer that the writer.knew little about the customs regulationsspent a long time at the customs but was not finedwas punished because of carrying many contraband goodsmust have failed in

20、catching the hired car【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。记叙了作者在过海关时被要求检查的事情经过。【4题详解】细节理解题。 由第段 It was the small hours of the morning when we reached London Airport.（ 当我们到达伦敦机场时已经是凌晨了。）可知作者到达伦敦机场的时间是凌晨。故选 A项。【5题详解】推理判断题。由第四段“And during that time you have acquired nothing? ” a Nothing but what is ont

21、he list I have given you.“那段时间你什么都没获得吗？” “除了我给你单子上的以外什么都没有”和第五段 Where did you get that watch?你从哪儿弄到那块表的 ？可推断出，当时海关一定注意到了作者简陋的手表。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。由第六段 I had gone into the market and bought, for twelve shillings and six pence, an ugly time piece that made a strange noise. It had stopped twice, without

22、 any reason, during thejourney.（我去了市场，花了十二先令六便士买了一块很难看的计时表，它发出一种奇怪的声音。在旅途中，它无缘无故地停了两次。）因此，作者并不是十分喜欢这块手表。故选 C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由文章结尾It took another quarter of an hour to persuade him that the Rolex was notcontraband （走私货）.Just when I let out a sigh of relief, he began to search my luggage!（又过了一 刻钟，他才相信劳力

23、士不是违禁品。 就在我松了一口气的时候，他开始搜我的行李！）可推测，作者在海关处花费了很长时间，但是最终应该并没有被罚款。故选 B项。CThis season, the bushfires in Australia have burned more than 12.35 million acres of land. At least25 people have been killed and 2000 homes destroyed. According to the BBC, this is the most casualties（伤亡）from wildfires in the count

24、ry since 2009. The University of Sydney estimates that 480 million animals have died in South Wales alone.Zeke Hausfather, an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth, saidwarmer temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia more susceptible to fires and increased the l

25、ength of the fire season. The drier conditions combined withpecrtutesghin 2019 created main conditions for the disastrous fires. Australia s fires were worsened by thecombination of those two. 2019 was the perfect storm for being the warmest year on record for Australia and the driest year on record

26、 for Australi a, “ Hausfather added on Friday.Kevin Trenberth, a senior scientist at the US National Center for Atmospheric Research, saidwarmer ocean temperatures are also contributed to more variable weather around the world. Trenberth believes that global warming contributed to energy imbalances

27、and hot spots in the oceans, which can create a wave in the atmosphere that locks weather patterns in places, causing longer rain events in Indonesia, for example, and at the same time contributing to drought in Australia. He said that once an area experiences drought conditions for two months or mo

28、re, it increases the risk of fires catching and spreading. Those changing weather patterns due to global warming make drought events longer.Climate experts stress that climate change is not the only factor in the severity of wildfires. Howland is managed can also impact the amount of fuel available

29、for fires. Practices like controlled burns and other factors can impact the risk to people and property, such as warning systems and the type of development in a given area. Changing those policies has great potential to limit future damage fromwildfires along with changes to how fire management res

30、ources are dispatched（ 派遣）.What do the numbers in paragraph 1 show?The causes of Australian fires.The results of Australian fires.The damaged areas of Australian fires.The property destruction of Australian fires.9 Which of the following best explains“more susceptible to underlined in the second par

31、agraph?A. Quick to adapt to.B. Sure to cause.C. Sensitive to.D. Easy to be protected from.What can we infer from Trenberths research?Global warming is the root cause of the bushfires.Longer dry weather contributes to global warming.Warmer ocean temperatures promote fires spreading.The imbalanced ene

32、rgy leads to the temperature rising.What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?To stress the effects of Australia fires.To show the methods for controlling burns.To predict the seriousness of Australia fires.To provide some advice about reducing damage.【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D【解析】本文是一篇

33、说明文。介绍了澳大利亚森林大火产生的条件和蔓延的原因。【8题详解】推理判断题。由第段 This season, the bushfires in Australia have burned more than 12.35 millionacres of land. At least 25 people have been killed and 2000 homes destroyed.这个季节，澳大禾1J亚的丛林大火已经烧毁了超过1235万英亩的土地。至少25人死亡，2000所房屋被毁。可知，本段的数字表明森林大火产生的严重后果。故选 B项。【9题详解】词句猜测题。由第二段 Zeke Haus

34、father, an energy systems analyst and climate researcher atBerkeley Earth, said warmer temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia more susceptible to fires and increased the length of the fire season.（加州大学伯克利分校地球分校的能源系统分析师和气候研究员泽克豪萨福尔说，气温升高和极端天气使澳大利亚更容易发生火灾，并延长了火灾季节的长度。）可推测气温升高和极端天气更容易发生火灾

35、，more susceptible to意为“更容易受到，与 C项Sensitive to 对敏感”意思相近。故选 C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。 由第三段的 He said that once an area experiences drought conditions for two months ormore, it increases the risk of fires catching and spreading. Those changing weather patterns due toglobal warming make drought events longer.（他说，

36、一旦一个地区经历了两个月或更长时间的干旱，它就会增加火灾蔓延和蔓延的风险。那些由于全球变暖而改变的天气使得干旱持续的时间更长。）可推断，全球气候变暖是森林火灾的根本原因。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。由第四段 Practices like controlled burns and other factors can impact the risk to people and property, such as warning systems and the type of development in a given area（控制烧伤等做法 和其他因素可影响对人员和财产的风险，如预警系

37、统和特定地区的开发类型。）可知，作者在最后一段介绍控制火灾造成的伤害的方法。故选 D想。DFor grown-ups, an afternoon snooze （打盹）is often easier said than done. But many of us have probably experienced just how simple it can be to catch some sleep in a gently rocking hammock （ 吊 床）.By examining brain waves in sleeping adults, researchers repor

38、ted in the June 21 issue of Current Biology, a Cell Press publication, that they now have evidence to explain why that is.“It is a common belief that rockng causes sleep: we fall asleep in a rocking chair soon and, since ancient times, we cradle our babies to sleep, said Sophie Schwartz of the Unive

39、rsity of Geneva.how this works had remained a mystery. The goal of our study was made up of two parts: to test whether rocking does indeed improve sleep, and to understand how this might work at the brain level.Schwartz, Michel M hle thaler, and their colleagues Laurence Bayer and Irina Constantines

40、cu asked twelve adult volunteers to nap on a custom- made bed or “ experimental hammock that could either remain still or rock gently. All participants were good sleepers who didn t typically nnot suffer from excessive sleepiness during the day. Each participant took two 45?minute afternoon naps, on

41、e with the bed still and one with the bed in motion, while their brain activity was monitored.“We observed a faster transition to sleep in each and every subject in the swinging condition,Mu hlethaler said. Surprisingly, we also observed a dramaticg brfostrtain types of sleep-relatedbrain waves. ”Mo

42、re specifically, rocking increased the length of stage N2 sleep, a form of non?rapid eyemovement sleep that normally occupies about half of a good night s sleep. The rocking bed also ha（lasting effect on brain activity, increasing slow brain waves and bursts of activity known as sleep spindles （纺锤体）

43、.Schwartz and M hlethaler say the next step is to find out whether rocking can improve longer periods of sleep and to find out whether it may be useful for the treatment of sleep disorders, such as insomnia （失眠）.What does the June 21 issue of Current Biology tell us according to Paragraph 1?It is mo

44、re difficult for grown?ups to fall asleep.People today like to sleep in a rocking hammock.Many people nowadays suffer from excessive sleepiness.There comes the evidence for why rocking benefits people s sleep.What can we learn from Sophie Schwartz s words?Her team aimed to answer two questions.The s

45、tudy is going to benefit babies a lot.The study had been kept secret before being finished.People used to believe rocking was bad for sleep.What finding was beyond the researchers expectation?The rocking seemed to improve participants sleep quality.All the participants fell asleep faster in the swin

46、ging condition.Some participants couldn t fall asleep in the swinging condition.Participants had a tendency to sleep excessively in the swinging bed.What is the best title?Take a Snooze Easier Said than DoneWant a Faster Sleep? Change Your Sleeping HabitsNeed a Nap? Find Yourself a HammockSuffer fro

47、m Sleep Disorder? New Treatment Found【答案】12. D 13. A 14. A 15. C【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一项研究，通过研究成年人睡觉时的大脑波纹，发现成年人 在轻轻摇晃的状态下更容易入睡。【12题详解】细节理解题。 由第段 By examining brain waves in sleeping adults, researchers reported in the June 21 issue of Current Biology, a Cell Press publication, that they now have e

48、vidence to explain why that is.（通过对睡眠中的成年人脑电波的研究，他们现在有了解释这一现象的证据。）可知，当代生物学为摇晃改善睡眠提供了证据。故选 D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。 由第二段 Yet, how this works had remained a mystery. The goal of our study was made up of two parts: to test whether rocking does indeed improve sleep, and to understand how this might work at the

49、brain level.（然而，它是如何工作的仍然是一个谜。我们研究的目的包括两部分：测 试摇晃是否真的能改善睡眠，以及了解这在大脑层面是如何起作用的。）可知，他的团队以回答这两个问题为目标。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。由第四段 “ We observed a faster transition to sleep in each and every subject in the swinging condition, M uhlethaler said. aSurprisingly, we also observed a dramatic boosting of certain typ

50、es of sleep- related brain waves. ” （M ihlethaler 说:我们观察到,在摇摆状态下，每 个人都能更快地进入睡眠状态。令人惊讶的是，我们还观察到与睡眠相关的某些脑电波明显增强。”）可知，让研究者感到惊讶的是摇晃似乎确实提高了参与者的睡眠质量。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。 由文章开头For grown-ups, an afternoon snooze （打盹）is often easier said than done.But many of us have probably experienced just how simple it can

51、 be to catch some sleep in a gently rocking hammock （吊床）.（对成年人来说，一个下午打盹往往是说起来容易做起来难。但是我们中的许多人很可能经历过在轻轻摇晃的吊床上睡一会儿是多么简单。）及结合全文可知，本文主要讲的是一项研究发现成年人在轻轻摇晃的状态下更容易入睡。C “需要小睡一下吗？给自己找个吊床。”符合文章主旨。故选 C项。【点睛】细节理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。 它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。以本文第2小题为例，本题运用定位法：由第二段

52、 Yet, how this works had remaineda mystery. The goal of our study was made up of two parts: to test whether rocking does indeed improve sleep, and to understand how this might work at the brain level.然而， 它是如何工作的仍然 是一个谜。我们研究的目的包括两部分：测试摇晃是否真的能改善睡眠，以及了解这在大脑层面是如何起作用的。可知，他的团队以回答这两个问题为目标。故选 A项。第二节（共5小题:每小

53、题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。A memorable science projectIf someone tells you to remember a phone number or address, it feels like an easy task at first.You repeat the numbers to yourself, either aloud or in your mind. But after just a few seconds you might find yourself s

54、tarting to doubt your own memory. 16 Thus, it will try to throw away information that seems old or irrelevant. There are ways of helping our minds retain （ 记住） information, however, and in this activity you will explore ways that we lose and keep memoriesShort-term, or working memory, is a way of de

55、scribing most peopleto store; a smlallitiesamount of information for a brief period of time in a readily accessible form 17 People don t have to stop and think to remember something in short term memory.18 Such techniques include visualizing （观察）the information in a surprising way or linking pieces

56、of information together so that one reminds you of the other. In the case of visualizing information, this could be as simple as remembering you parked your car on the fifth floor in the D section by picturing five dogs sitting in your car! 19 If you need to purchase cereal 6物）,milk, fruit, cheese a

57、nd eggs, you could imagine the cereal in a bowl, with milk pouring over it and pieces of fruit on top. Then imagine cracking an egg over everything, and itd cheese! Theseomiayelteseem simple or even silly. 20 In this activity you ll test the recall of a few friends or familymembers, and learn a few

58、tricks for improving memory!There are many techniques for improving memory.Our brain is always seeking new and useful information.Short-term memory has a short duration but is quickly and easily accessed.In addition, linking information could help you remember your grocery list.Retaining that inform

59、ation over longer periods of time becomes difficult yet.Your short-term memory has a limited amount of space to store information.However, they are proved to be good ways for improving memory by scientist.【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. G【解析】本文介绍一个值得记忆的科学项目。【16题详解】B根据下文：因此，它将试图丢弃那些看起来过时或无关紧要的信息。可知，我

60、们的大脑总是在寻找新的、有用的信息。故选 Bo【17题详解】C根据下文：人们不需要停下来，想在短期记忆中记住一些东西。可知，短期记忆的持续时间很短，但很快就能被访问。故选 Co【18题详解】A根据下文：这些技术包括以一种令人惊讶方式可视化信息或将信息链接在一起，目的是让你想起了另一个。可知，有许多提高记忆的技术。故选Ao【19题详解】奶酪和鸡蛋，你可以整一个碗里的谷物,4链接信息可以帮助彳，你的购物清单。，选Do所以下句.是一句与上句.，内容，然.出G根据下句：如果你需要购买谷物、牛奶、水果、牛奶倒在上面，上面有水果。可知，此外,【20题详解】根据上句：这些看起来很简单，甚至有些愚蠢。而，事实