作文炼句第32篇译文老师笔记

1、1-he form of词典释义：form2.N-COUNT 可数名词 (存在的)形态，形式When something can exist orhappen in severalyou can use form to refer to oneparticular way in which it exists or happens.sible ways,【搭配模式】：with suppValleys often take the form ofdeep canyons.山谷经常以深峡谷的形态存在。he form ofa tax reduction.他们获得了减税。They received a

2、 benefitinjusti.以其目前的形式而言，这项可能会带来新的不In its present form,the law could lead t公。he form of sth电视信息对着人们狂轰滥炸。People arebombarded with informationVitamin C can betaken in capsule or tablet form .维生素 C 有胶囊和片剂两种形式可以服用。A typical trainingprogramme takes the form of a series of workshops.一般的培训计划都采用举办系列讲座的形式。外

3、刊例句：The essential product of insuranceprotection, usuallyhe form of money, when things gowronghas fewobvioubstitutes. （）在事情出错时提供保护（通常以金钱形式）是保险业的产物，且甚少显而易见的替代品。2- industry-specific trainingspecific 可以跟在n 后面词典释义：形容词性的词“n-specific”，表示“专为 n（服务）的”。industryn.d.stri nounTYPE OF WORK 行业 ESSENTIAL countable1

4、.那些能促进新知识和新技能发展的工作不管这种发展是通过行业专门培训，还是对沟通技能、技能和管理技能的培养都能够使学生展示他们的潜能，以及拥有一个更有产出性和更加令人满意的事业。 Jobst promote the development of new knowledge and skills - whetherhe form of （1.以的形式） industry-specific training（2.行业专门培训）or the development of communication, leadership and management skills - will allow gradu

5、ates to manifest（3.展示） their potential and have a more productive（4.更有产生性） and satisfying career.the people and activities involved in one type ofbusiness 行业the gas/electricity industry 燃气业电力工业the tourist industry 旅游业manufacturing industries 制造业The computer industry has been booming.电脑行业已经日益蓬来了。spec

6、ific3.ADJ 形容词 特有的;独特的;只与有关的Somethingt is specificto a particular thing is connected withtthing only.【搭配模式】：usu v-link ADJ to nt is specific tot particular job.寄出你的简历并附上一份针对那个Send your resume wicover letter特定工作岗位的附函。Specific is also used after nouns. (亦用在名词后)Most studies of trade have been country-sp

7、ecific.有关贸易的多数研究都是针对某个具体国家的。.a job-specific course.岗位课程外刊例句：Thetgraduate andt-experience degree has diversifiedover the past few years tooffer industryspecific training for accountants, public-sector workers, lawyers andevenfootballers. （）课程和具专业知识继续教育课程在过去几年已花样足球员等职业提供专门的职业培训。，给会计、国营部门工作者、，甚至是学生错误表达

8、：（1） spelindustrial training点评：没有industrialtraining 的说法，此外，spel 含义是“特殊的”，不符合原句的意思。3- manifest词典释义：manifestmn.fest formalverb transitiveLIST OF PEOPLEto show something clearly, through signs or actions 显示；表现；表明The workers chose to manifest their dissatisfaction in a series of strikes.工人决定藉一连串的不满。来表达他

9、们manifested itself in/as severe stomach pains.这种疾病最初表现为严重的胃痛。The illnesshe share price.人们对公司缺乏信心，股价下Lack of confidencehe company manifested itself in a fall跌正好显示此情况。外刊例句：The ECHR drew on Article 9 of the European Convention onwhich asserts the individuals rightto manifest a religion. （）的第九条条约，该条约欧盟缓

10、引了欧洲了，每个人都展示自己的信仰。替换表达：display / demonstrate / show4- more productive词典释义：productiveprdk.tv adjective IMPROVER havingitive results 富有成效的We had a very productive meeting - I felt we sortedout a lot of problems.开了一个极有成效的会议我觉得解决了很多问题。Theirs was a very productive partnership.他们之间的合作很有成效。外刊例句：He is not a

11、lone in sayingt companies would invest innew equipment and be more productive if onlythere was higher demand for British goods and servifrom itsdomestic businesses, consumers and theernational community. （）并不只有他认为：除非英国的国内公司和顾客及其他国家都对英国商品和服务有着更大需求，否则公司投入到新设备也难以更具生产性。Q：will allow graduates to manifest

12、 their potential andhave a more productive and satisfying career.这里前面是theirpotential,后面是 have a .career,为什么后面用单数？A：这里a career 是泛指“职业”，含义等同于careers，have a productive and satisfying career 泛指“有一个高产出和令人满意的职业”。Q：老师，“促进新知识和新技能发展”，我用了 boost the development of newknowledge and skills。boost可以用在这里表促进吗？如果用 bo

13、ost 是不是要把 development 去掉呀？我看到字典上说的boost 的意思本身就是 further the development ofsth.老师！A：boost the development 这一用法没问题，中有这样的句子：Theernment hopest, as inChina, SEZs will boost the development ofinfrastructure and manufacturing.Jobst promote the development of new knowledge andskills - whetherhe form of indu

14、stry-specifictraining or thedevelopment of communication, leadership and management skills - will allowgraduates tomanifest their potential and have a more productive andsatisfying career.分析本句的主干是 Jobswill allow graduates to manifest their potential and have a moreproductive andsatisfying career。其中，

15、主语部分是Jobs 及修饰它的t 定语从句，直到第二个破折号结束，在这个定语从句中还包含了一个由whetheror引导的让步状语从句（两个破折号之内）。谓语是 will allow，宾语是graduates，其后的两个动词不定式共同作宾语补足语。2.为了最大限度地成功的机会，求职者应该使用他们手头可用的所有工具，特别是互联网。通过上网寻找求职信息，求职可以节省时间，获取of （1.最大限度信息，以及扩大他们找工作的范围。他们的机会）sucToize their chans, job seekers should use all the tools attheir disa（l 2.手头可用的，

16、可供支配的）, espelly theernet. By seeking employment online, job-terscan save time, stay up-to-date（3.获取信息）, and increase their reach.1-ize their chanof词典释义：ize in BRIT, also use 英国英语亦用ise1.VERB 动词 使增加至最大限度;充分利用(或重视) If youize something, you make it as great in amountor importance as youcan.【语法信息】：V nize

17、 output.为了获得最大利润，这家公司会把产量In order to增至最大。 ze profit the firm would seek toising theirelectoral support.他们正在寻找合适的途径来最大They were looking for suitable ways of限度地获得选民的支持。外刊例句：It perhaps explainst while Wales have been talkingabout the need to breako the top four of the worldrings before MaysWorld Cup dr

18、aw toize theirchanof escaanother difficult pool, theWallabies said it was notsomething they had thought about, concerned only about ending a poor year onahigher note. （），为何在威尔士大谈球队需要在 5 月份的这也以之前冲到世界前四，以尽可能避免分到“死亡小组”时，澳洲橄榄球国家队会说，他们没想过这事，只是想着以尽可能高的结束这糟糕的一年。替换表达：ize their opportunity for学生错误表达：（1）impro

19、ve thechance of . to the utmost extent点评：表达过于冗长，可以改为izetheir chanof2- at their disal词典释义：disalUK dsp.zl US -spo- noun uncountable ADVANCED when you get rid of something, espelly by throwing itaway 清除；处理；抛弃waste disal 废物处理物质的处理the disal of hazardoubstanat sbs disal formalavailable to be used by someo

20、ne 可供（）使用al thisk.我会尽可能带你去，但是这周我没I would take you if I could, but I don汽车可用。ve a car at my disal (= to spend as she wanted).卖掉房子后，Having sold the house she had a large sum of money at her dis她手头有一大笔钱可用。外刊例句：Many parents in America are either ignorant of the tools at their disal or too busy or lazyto

21、 usethem. （许多）父母要么就是对手上的工具置之不理，要么就是因为太忙或者太懒了而不用。替换表达：at/on/in hand3- stay up-to-date这里stay 是系动词。词典释义：stay 3.V-LINK 连系动词 保持;维持 If someone or something stays in a particular se or situation, they continueto be in it.【语法信息】：V adv/prep【语法信息】：V adj【语法信息】：Also V nThe Republican candidate said he would wor

22、k like crazy to stay ahead.优势”。候选人说他将“拼命保持领先开设养生课程的社区munity care networksNothing stays the same for long.任何事情都不会长期保持不变。up-to-datep.tdet adjective ADVANCED modern, recent, or containing the latest information 现代的；最近的；包含资讯的Great trouble is taken to keep our database up-to-date.花了很大力气不断更新资料库。外刊例句：The c

23、ompany also works with the Swedish defence ministry onvarious digital-imaging products in orderto stay up-to-date. （）这家公司也与瑞典国防部有合作，帮助更新他们的各种数码成像产品。替换表达：keep up-to-date / get the latest informationQ：查到 up-to-date 是做形容词表示的。 在这里stay up-to-date 是语法有错误吗？这里修饰谁呢？应该是拆开吗？A：stay 在这里是连系动词，后面可以接形容词，例如staystayu

24、p-to-date 也是同样的道理。healthy / stay awake / staygry, stay foolish，1- at their fingertips词典释义：fingertipUK f.g.tp US -g- noun countable指尖Use your fingertips to gently flatten the pastry.用指尖轻轻地把油酥面团。UK f.g.tp US -g- noun countableat your fingertipsIf you have something at your fingertips, you can get itan

25、d use it very easily 近在手边；很容易得到；随时可供使用3.那些能上网的求职者随时能够接触到上百份甚至上千份工作信息。这些职位中很多都是在网络上独家发布，或者在其他地方很难搜寻到。Job-ters who are connected to theerneve acs to dreds or even thousands of jobs at their fingertips（1.随时可供使用的）. Many of theseitions areted exclusively（2.在网上独家发布）online or would be difficult to track do

26、wn （3.搜寻到）elsewhere.He has all the latest sistics at his fingertips.他手头上有所有的统计值。外刊例句：he past they would have written something down on apiece of pr for a patient or carer. Now they havethe whole world at their fingertips.（）下来，而现在他们手上拥有着全部信息。他们在过去会用纸把的情况替换表达：readily available2- areted exclusively词典释义

27、：t6.VERB 动词 发布信息）If youernet.t information on theernet, you make the information availableto otheople on the【语法信息】：be V-ed【FIELD】：COMPUTING 计算机r has beentedon theernet inviting input from Net users.一份征询意见书已贴在A consulion p了因特网上，欢迎网络用户意见。exclusive3.ADJ 形容词 （）独家的If a newspr, magazine, or broadcastingan

28、ization describes one ofits reports as exclusive, they meanonany other channel.tit is a spel report which does not appear in any othublication or【搭配模式】：usu ADJ nHe told the magazine in an exclusiveerview: All my problems stem from drink.他在接受一家杂志社的独家采访时说：“我所有都是饮酒造成的。”An exclusive is an exclusive arti

29、cle or report. 独家;独家文章Some prs thought they had an exclusive.一些报纸认为自己是独家。外刊例句：Executives say they will be looking for enthusiasticand energetic crew-members who want to take part indemolishingone of the most controversial constructions of the 20th century. Alljobitions will bek. （）tedexclusively on该

30、管理称，他们会一直寻求致力于“拆毁这 20 世纪最具争议性建筑群”的热心员工。而所以的工作岗位信息都将刊登于k 上。学生错误表达：（1）exclusivereleaseie点评：exclusive 是形容词，这里要改为副词才能修饰动词，此外，ie 一般指“发布（、命令）；正式（邮票、等）”，用在语境中不合适。这里可以改为 areted/released exclusively3- track down词典释义：track down1.PHRASALVERB 短语动词追踪到;追查到;搜寻到If you track down someone or something, you find them,

31、or find information aboutthem, after a difficult or long search.【语法信息】：(not pron)【语法信息】：V n PShe had spent years trying to track down harents.她已经花了好多年时间试图追寻父母的下落。t old story came from, Ive neverbeen able to track it down.我不知道这则旧传闻的I dont know where出处，我从来没能考证出结果。外刊例句：hehomelesssuch study in Brazil, 1

32、00 census-takers fromwithhe city boundary.（FIPE, a research centre, tried to trackdown every）在巴西进行的最早实验里，100 多名来自FIPE归者。的员竭尽全力搜寻于该城市边界游荡的无家可替换表达：find / dig up /t downQ：请问魏老师，句子什么时候用may, could, would 可以像例句一样用来调整句子的语气，A：句子中would be difficult to track down，其中用 would 来更加客气地表明观点，这一点可以参考下面剑桥词典的解释：wdwdd mo

33、dal verbOPINION 观点 ESSENTIAL (also d)used to express an opinion in a polite way withoutbeing forceful （用于礼貌地表明观点）I would imagine we need to speak to the headteacher aboutthis.我猜想件事的意见。需要先去问问校长有关这Its not what we would have expected from aprofesal service.这可不是得到的服务。期望从一所专业服务机构关于may/could/would 这几个情态动词

34、更加详细的用法，可以参考程。的英语语法新思维的中级教1- countarts词典释义：countart 1.N-COUNT 可数名词 职能(或地位)相当的人;对应的事物 Someones or somethings countart is anotheror things a similar function orition in a different place.【搭配模式】：with supp.部长致电意大利外长表示。The Foreign Secretaryephoned his Italian countart toartshe rest of the Nordic region.芬

35、兰The Finnishanization was very different fromt ofits count4.尽管看起来，拥有更加强大的财政资源的大型企业与他们的小相比能够提供更好的工作稳定性，但事实并非总是如此。如今，大公司通常在经济初期就开始裁员，甚至能一次就解雇上千名员工。Although it may seemt largeanisations, equipped with stronger finanl resour, would be able to provide better job stabilityn their smaller countarts（1.）, th

36、is is not always the case（2.事实并非总是如此）. Nowadays, large-scale firms often downsize（3.裁员，紧缩编制）at thesign of economic trouble and may even lay off （4.解雇）thousands of employees at once.的这一机构和北欧其他国家的同类机构迥然不同。外刊例句：In venture capital, the larger funds of the 1990s tended toperform bettern their smaller cou

37、ntarts inthe 1980s. （）在风险投资行业里，上世纪 90 年代的大型基金要比那些 80 年代比他们小的基金做得好。替换表达：n smaller companiesheir trade学生错误表达：（1）peers点评：peer 是指“同龄人”，而原句要求表达“业的公司”，因此不能用 peers（2）fellows点评：fellow 同样是指人，例如：Woodersons courage earned him the respect of his fellows.得了同事的尊敬。它不能用来指公司。的勇气赢2- this is not always the case词典释义：be

38、 (not) the case17.PHRASE 短语 是这样;是这种情况If you saycorrect.t something is the case, you meantit is true or【搭配模式】：V inflectsYoull probably notice her having difficulty swallowing.If this is the case, give hlenty of liquids.你可能会注意到她吞咽有。要是这样的话，让她多吃流食。would mean moregoods in stores. Butt was not the case.消费

39、者Consumers had hoped the highri本来以为，物价上涨了，店里的商品会增多;但是情况并非如此。外刊例句：The British debate about Europe has long been weakened by atendency of pro-Europeans to avoid grandarguments and to concentrate onpractical advantages. This was notalways thecase. （）挺欧风气一直削弱着英国人关于欧盟的，使其避免了激烈争论，只谈实际好处。然而，事实并非总是如此。学生错误表达

40、：（1）the actual isnot always like this点评：actual 是形容词，这里应该改为名词actuality3- downsize词典释义：downsizedan.saz verbransitive or transitiveIf you downsize a company oranization, you make itsmaller by reducing the number of people workinges smallerhis way （使）减员，（使）（公司或组织）瘦身for it, and if it downsizes,itpany 减少你

41、的劳动力人数实行公司减员to downsize yourThe plight of the Asian economy is forcing businesses to downsize.亚洲经济所处的困境正迫使企业进行裁员。外刊例句：This dramatic downsizing is just the latest chapter in Kodaks transition from its traditionalbusiness oft of the film-less digital sort. （）film-and-pr photography to柯达意图从传统的影像及图像拍摄公司

42、为数码摄影公司，而这次大规模裁员便是这次的阶段。替换表达：cut back on staff / prune back their workforce / scale down theirworkforce / slim down学生错误表达：（1）cut overheads点评：overheads 是指企业的运营费用，例如：We are having to cut our costs to reduce overheads andremaincompetitive.现在必须减少开支以降低营运费用，保持竞争力。Cut overheads 是指减少企业的运营费用，不是指裁员。4- lay off词典释义：lay off1.PHRASALVERB 短语动词See also: layoff;（通常指因工作岗位而）辞退，解雇，使If workers