八年级下知识精讲精练（综合）8

1、（英语提高培训）中考综合复习八年级下知识点精讲精练（8）1. get sb. sth.=get sth. _ sb.给某 人买某物 ; buy sb. sth.=buy sth. _ sb show sb.sth.= show sth_ sb 把东西拿给某人看 Show it/them to sb 把它（它们）拿给某人看 类似用法：give sb sth = give sth_ sb give it/them to sbWhat should we get _our teacher_Teachers Day? A. to, on B. for, for C. for, on D. for, i

2、nPlease get_. A. it for him B. him it C. it to him D. him to it2. 1)enough修饰形容词和副词，必须放其后 Shes _ to reach the big apple on the tree. A. tall enough B. enough tall 2)not+adj. enough to do sth=too +adj.反义词 to do sthMy sister isnt old enough to go to school. (同义句) My sister is _ young _go to school.The

3、room is too small to live in. (用enough 改写)The room _ _to _ _ .He is so big that he cant sleep in the house. (用 too.to改写) He is _ big _ sleep in the house. He is very young. He cant look after himself well.(合并为一句) He is _ young _ he cant look after himself well.The T-shirt is _ for me to wear. I need

4、 to buy a big one. A. so small B. too small C. enough small D. too shortThe girl is too shy_ in front of the whole class. A. speak B. to speak C. not speak D. not to speak The child is old enough _himself. A. to put on B. to dress C. to wear D. dressingHe was_ tired _he couldnt go on working. A. too

5、, to B. very, that C. so, that D. enough, to3. take/show an _ in=be _in对感兴趣 He takes an_(interesting) in _(keep) pets. Im interested in _. A. listening to music B. listen to music C. listening music D. hearing music4. (1) 4) “Why not+动词+?=Why don t you+动词 +?“意思是“为什么不?/你为什么不 做?”。例如: Why not write to

6、him? =_ _you write to him? 为什么不给他写信呢? Why dont you get up a little early?= _ _ get up early?为什么不早一点起床? What should we eat for dinner? -_eat some rice and vegetables? A. Why dont B. Why not C. Why not you D. Why not to (2 ) 用来向对方提出建议或意见的常见句型: (1) “What/ How about+名词/代词或v.-ing?”意思是 “乍样?”例如:What/ How a

7、bout this pair of shoes ?这双鞋怎么样? What/ How about _(play) football? 去踢足球怎么样? How about _ (get) him a 3ard for his birthday? -How about taking a walk after supper?-_.A. Yes, I can B. Yes, Id love to C. No, I would D. No, I will(3 ) “Lets+动词原形.“意思是“让我们一起去做某事吧”。例如: Let s _(go )to a restaurant for dinner

8、. 让我们去饭馆吃晚饭吧! Lets go out for a walk. 我们出去散散步吧! 注意：Let Tom _(go )to a restaurant for dinner.(4)“Shall I /we.?”意思是“我/我们好吗?”。 例如: _ _call him back? 我打电话叫他回来，好吗? _ _go home? 我们回家好吗? (5)Youd better(not)+动词原形“意思是“你最好(不)做”。例如: Youd better _ _(not watch) TV when youre doing your homework.你做家庭作业时，最好不要看电视。 (

9、6) Would you like sth./to do sth.“怎么样”? Would you like a cup of tea?来一杯茶怎么样? Would you like _( have) a rest?休息一下怎么样? (7) Will /Could/ Would you please+(not) 动词原形? 它的意思是“请你 好吗?”如: Will you please _(come) here tomorrow?请长你明天来这儿 ,好吗? Could you please pick it up?请把它捡起来好吗? (8) Would you mind (not)+动名词“你(

10、不)介意做某事吗?”“请做某事好吗?” Would you mind_( wait)in line?请你排队等候穿吗?5.感叹句的结构: (l)用what引导的感叹句 What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(主语+谓语)! = 2 * GB3 What+形容词+可数名词复数形式(+主语+谓 语)! = 3 * GB3 What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)! (2) How+形容词+主语+谓语 ! _ a nice day (is is)!多么好的天气啊! _an interesting book (that is)!那是一本多么有趣 的书啊! _ hot it is today!今天

11、天气真热啊! _ beautiful the flowers are!这些花多么美丽啊! _beautiful flowers (they are)!多么美丽的花啊! _ good teachers(they are)!他们是多么好的老 师啊! _ fine weather(it is)! 多好的天气! _lucky girl! A. How B. What C. How a D. What a_bad weather !We cant swim today. A. How B. What a C. How a D. WhatHow interesting the book is! (同义句)

12、 _ _it is !6. it可用来指代身份不明的人-Who is _?是谁呀？-Its me, Mary.是我，玛丽。 -Who is at the door?谁在门口?-Its the postman.是邮递员。(主语是who，身份不明，故用It指代) Mr Smith is at the door. _wants to see You. 史密斯先生在门口，他想见你。(主语是阶Smith，身 份明确，故用he指代)7. spend, cost,take,pay表“花费”(1)spend的主语必须是 “人”，宾语可以是钱、精力、时间等。 eg. He _ much money on boo

13、ks.他将很多钱用在买书上。 He spent a lot of money( in) _(buy)a new car.他花很多钱买了一辆新车。 He spent two days _the birthday present. A. to make B. made C. making D. makes(2)cost的主语必须是“物”或“事”，表示“费用”“耗费”，后接life; money, health, 6，等，侧重于“花费”的 代价。 Eg. The book _ him one dollar.这本书花了他一美元。 It _you 12 pounds to go to London by

14、 ship.乘船到伦敦要花费你12英镑The English-Chinese dictionary _ (cost) me 18 yuan.(3) take常指花费(时间)，句子常用形式主语it作主语。 It takes sb some time to do sthEg. It _ me ten minutes to go to the post office.到邮局 用了我十分钟时间， It _ a lot of money to buy a house as big as that，买一座那么大的房子要花很多钱。 It took Mike 30 minutes _(ride) there.

15、(4) pay的基本意思是“支付气作为及物动词，宾语可以是 “人”， “钱“。Eg. He paid the taxi and hurried to the station.他付了出 望鲤些急笙印车站赶去。They had to pay two hundred francs.他得付二百法郎。 Well pay you in a few days.几天后我们会给你付钱。 (5) pay for的宾语为“物”“事”, for表示支付的原因。 Eg. He _ten dollars for the meal.这顿饭他付了十美元。 注意: 下面两句中pay for的意义不同。 Of course we

16、 have to pay for what we buy.当然我们买东西得付钱。 Dont worry about money; Ill pay for you.别担心钱，我会替你付的。 I _ 20 yuan visiting the museum. A. cost B. took C. paid spent I didnt buy the coat because it _ too much. A. cost B. sold spent D. need 7. 1)instead代替，替代 (作副词，常放在句首或句末。) Its too hot to walk. Well go swimmi

17、ng _太热不宜散步，我们改去游泳。 The girl stopped watching TV. She danced _.那个女孩不看电视了，而去跳舞了。 He is tired! Let me go _.他累了，让我替他去吧。 2)Instead of后跟名词、代词或动名词，表示“代替， 而下具” Eg. Hell go to Italy _ _France.他要去意大利而 不去法国。 Ill go _ _ him. 我将代替他去。 He played the whole afternoon instead of _(do) his homework.他玩了一下午而没做作业。 We swa

18、m instead of _(run).I stayed at home instead of _(enter) his party.8. (1) need(=want)在本句中作实义动词，表示“需要”，有人称、 数和时态的变化，某后常接名词、代词或动词不定一作宾语 Do you _ any help?你需要落帮助吗?(名词) I can give you some help. Do you need it?我可以帮助你，你需要吗?(代词) I need _( go) right now.我 我需要现在就走。(不定式) He needs a lot of money. (否定句) He _ _

19、a lot of money.Need表示“必须”，还可作情态动词，没有人称、数和时 态的变化，接动词原形作谓语，直接加not构成否定形式。 只用在否定句和疑问句中。 Eg. I neednt _(finish) that work today.我今天不必把那项 工作做完。 Need you go right now?你一定得现在走吗?其答语 是:Yes, I_. /No,I _(=dont have to). We dont need _(go) there again.= We neednt _(go) there again.9. too much意为“太多”，用于修饰不可数名词。too

20、 many意为“太多”，用于修饰可数名词。much too意为“太”，修饰形容词或副词。 There are _ people in the supermarket on weekends.周末超市人太多。There is _time left.还剩下太多的时间。 I feel_ tired.我太累了。 Dont eat _ ice cream. It s bad _ your health. A. much too, to B. too many, for C. too much; for D. too much, to10. 1)besides prep.表示“除之外，还有 .” 着重强调

21、 “另外还有”即它的宾语被包括在句子所表达的范围 之内.There are five other people _ both of us.除了我们 两人之外，还有五个人。_ Mr,Wang,we also went to see the film.（王先生也去了） *注意：besides 用于否定句中时，与except,but同义。例如： We have no other books besides(except)these2)except prep.表示 “除 之外, 其余都没” 着重强调“排除在外”，即它的宾语被排除在句子所表达的范围之外。 All the girls went to th

22、e party _ Xiao Hong. 除了小红外，其他女孩都参加了聚会。(小红没有 参加。) We all went to see the film _ Mr.Wang.(王先生没去）3)but 意为“除了”，与except同义，except强调被排除的部分，but 则强调整句的内容，常修饰否定意义的代词或疑问代词。例如： Nobody knew it _ me. Who would do such a thing _ Jack?Theres nothing _ a birthday card in the box.4)*except for:当except用在句首时，往往后面要加上for。 例如： _ _ this, everything is in order. =Everything is in order except this. 还应注意：except for 不在句首时， 有“除了因为（with the exception of）”的意思，即表示除去整体