真题解析2010年1月阅读重庆

1、2010 年 1 月 SAT 阅读SECTION 2The passages below are followed by questions based on their content; questions following a pair of related passages may also be based on therelationship betn the paired passages. Answer the questions on the basisof what is sed or impdhe passages and in anyroductory material

2、t may be provided.Questions 6-9 are based on the following passages.Passage 1Being funny has no placehe workplace and caneasily wreak havoc on an otherwise blossoming career.Of course, laughter is nesary in life. But if youcrack jokes and make snide remarks at work, you will eventually not be taken

3、seriously by others. You will5be seen as someho wastes timet could betterbe spent discussing a project or an ie. Additionally,many corporate-minded individuals do nove thetime toyze comments with hidden meanings theywill take what you say as absolute and as an accurate10represen workplace.ion of you

4、r profesalismhePassage 2Are we now compelled, as a culture, to be comical,no matter the setting oreavor? And if so, what onearth gave rise to this troubling idea? Onesible culprit15may be corporate America, where being funny is now seenas a valuable asset. Fortune 500 companieually doleout big fees

5、to comedy consultants who offer humorseminars and improvisational workshops allhe nameof improved productivity. But how exactly are funnier employees better for business? According to Tim Washer, a former improv performer who is now a communications executive at a large corporation, humor helps fost

6、er team building and, of course, “ thinking outside the box. ”206. Line 3-12 ( “Bui if workplace “) serve primarily toprovide a creative solution to an ongoing problemmock a particular way of behaving(C) outline the consequenof particular actionssuggest a more tolerant approachcriticize a common pra

7、ctice选C。作者在文中的第 2 行用 easily wreak havoc 和第 5 行 eventually 来表达出一种。7. In Passage 2, the authors attitude toward the value of“comedy consultants”(line 18) is best described asfascinationapprovalambivalenceskepticismhostility选D。Passage 2 中 20 到 21 行的由but 引导的句子内容直接对上一句comedy consultants 的质疑。8. Tim Washer

8、 (line21-24, Passage 2) would most likely respond to the author of Passage 1 by(A) arguingt humorous employees can help to create a more productivework environment(B) suggestingt corporateexecutivesspend moretimeyzinghumorous comments(C) agreeing employeest humor can harm the careers of ambitious co

9、rporate(D) challenging the assertiont laughter is nesary in life he workplace(E) disagreeingt humor occurs regularly 选A 对应文章第 23 到 24 行的 humor helps foster team building,而且在文章中 19 到 20 行也暗示了像Tim Washer 一样的comedy consultants 全部以提高生产力的名义来给公司做研讨和讲解。9. Bouthors would agree with which of the following se

10、ments?Workplace culture has gradually changed over time.Consultants can help employees learn how to succeed profesHumorous employees are usually popular.ally.Humor is not appropriate in all situations.Humor is not valued by corporate executives.选 D。P1 在文章中第一句话就明确了观点，而 P2 虽然没有明确地说出来但是使用问句质疑的方式表达了和 P1

11、 同样的意思。Questions 10-15 are based on the following passage.The following is adapted from a 1992 autobiography by an African American writertraveling to Africa for thetime.I walk through the center of Tunis and I looko theeyes of the strangers I pass. The face of Africa here has Arab eyes. All the eye

12、s are brown, a deep rich and darkbrown, eyest speak to me but in a language I do notunderstand. Every woman sneaks a glance; every man5stares. I am moren stranger, I am also strange.I am tall and I am very dark. I have not shaved my beard and there is not another beardhis city. I wearclothest set me

13、 apart and attractention: a brightred T-shirt with long sleeves, baggy pants held up by10blue suspenders, hiking bootst are heavy and durable.From a belt loop on my trousers hangs a watch I refuse to wear. My clothes are not African clothes.By journey s end. I will not be the man I am today.Africa w

14、ill have changed me in ways I cannot predict,15perhaps in ways profound, perhaps only superfil.Perhaps I will lose a few pounds, perhaps the arrogance y walk. Perhaps my walk, even my way of lookingat things, will be a little more African. But for now, I am different, I am not one of these Africans.

15、 Not yet , and20may not ever be. The color of my skin sayst I could beAlgerian or Senegalese or from Chad. But the Tunisianeyest wate can seet Ieast am not fromTunisia. They know I am not one of them, but they do not know where I come from.25The whole of Africas before me and I have no plan,no itine

16、rary. It might be better if I were searching for somethree-legged zebra, foreast I would know when I foundit . Without a plan, without a goal, a traveler is at the mercyof the road. Travelinerland is not tike t raveling on a30river. The river has a beginning. Is an end. The path,though not straight,

17、 is defined. Not so travelinerland.The prospects, like t heare endless and varied andsibilities and promises of life, varied and arbitrary.An old man asks , “Where to go? ”unisia do you want35I have no idea. It isnt always the getting there is important. Sometimes its just the going.t“Go to Sousse.

18、” hels me. “ Go to Sfax. ”I have been feeling my way through town , searching40the brown eyes of Arabs for some sign of recognition. Somewhere on this continent there is a man who looks like me. When I find him, our hearts will shake hands.10 The primary pure of the passage is t orelate a travelers

19、experience of feeling foreignillustrate certain aspects of Tunisian culturecontrast two different culturesdescribe a mysterious set of circumstan(E) arguet traveling alone is ultimay unrewarding 选 A。作者在文章中很多地方都分别描述了感觉到的一种陌生和外来感比如第 4 到 5 行所讲到的一种作者不明白的语言。11 The s theement in line 6 ( “ I am more stran

20、ge ” ) primarily refers to(A) author s inability to understand the local language(B) difference betn the author s appearance andt of native Tunisianschangesaimlet Africa will makehe author s behavioress of the author s itinerary(E) author s search for someone from his own country选 B。容易错选 A，干扰性在于 4 到

21、 5 行出现的 in a language I do not understand,这里只是一种比喻并没有对作者到底懂不懂当地语言给出描述的证B 需要参考第二段对作者外貌的描写。据。这道题的难度在于正确12 Word repetition is used in lines 15-19 primarily tostress the likelihood of an encountercreate a sense of continuous confudemonstrate a breadth of knowledge(D) emphasize the uncertay of ane(E) ill

22、ustrate a deci-making pros选D。后面出现的 4 个 perhaps 都是对第 15 行I cannot predict 的一种补充说明。13 In lines 14-20 (“By different”), the author imp himself. Africans typicallyare less conscious of people s nationalitiestravel with less advance planningwalk more modestlydress more colorfullyspeak more effusivelyst ,

23、 compared to选C。根据推断题有时需要作反向推断的特点，文中作者在 17 到 18 行说出了 arrogancey walk 反推出当地人走路的举止会显得谦逊一些。14 As presented in lines 30-34, the most significant difference betntraveling on a river and travelinerland istrivers follow an unambiguous pathrivers offer a faster means of travelingriver travel requires careful

24、 planning(D) overland travel requires no spel equipment(E) overland travel can occur in a straight line选A。第 31 行中the river has a beginning .Is an end 对应中unambiguous。的15 The old mans question in lines 35-36 primarily serves to(A) dramatize the Tunisians eresthe authoremphasize the Tunisians pride in,

25、 and knowledge of , their cultureallow t he author to further emphasize his lack of a clear destinationenable the author to express a judgment about t he character of Tunisianshighlight the author s ability to converse with people from different cultures选C。中lack of a clear destination 对应 37 行 I have

26、 no idea 因为作者觉得到哪儿不重要，重要的是在的感觉。Questions 16-24 are based on the following passage.This passage is adapted from a 1983 book based onerviews with womenhescien.Laboratory research is at the heart of scientific life;scientists real work consists of testing out ideastcome to them as they ponder the myste

27、ries of the world around them. A natural biologist walks through a city park5or across a suburban lawn and is half-consciouslydering: Why two leaves instead of three? Why pink flowers instead of white? Such rumination goes on withoutend in a scientist s mind, a continuouspaniment tothe rhythm of dai

28、ly life. Whatever a scientist isng reading, cooking, talking, playing science thoughts arealways there at the edge of the mind. They are the way the10world is taken in; allt is seen is filtered through an everpresent scientific musing.How a would-be scientist decides on a discipline, settles on a pr

29、oblem , and goes t o work is often as much a matter of15chance as it is of temperament . One can as easily a chemist or a neuroanatomist because of wheree entto school or whose influence one happened to come under as because of a compelling early response to the logic of chemistry or the beauty of t

30、he human nervous system.No matter. Once the discipline is established, the problem20chosen, and the scientist immersedhe work, he or shees as persuaded as need be of the centrality and urgency of the particular work being done. Such adaptivemyopia is nesary in science because the grinding,25repetiti

31、ve minuteness of daily laboratory work is so time-consuming (forks, months, even years aime)t,often, even to remember the original impetus for the work is a psychological trick of the highest order. To stimulatethe memory backo existence with fair regularity, one30must bevehe fundamental importance

32、of what oneisng. Those who do are the most energetic, vital,exciting, and excited of scientists.Carol Steiner, a geneticist, comes up wi metaphor for how to make a working pro scientific mystery. “ Imagine, ” she says, “fine ition oft you have35a jigsaw puzzle with no picture pred on it. All you hav

33、ear pie an exeyou havent a clue how to make sense of. Theare your separate scientific observations. Heresle of how you might try to get a handle on40the puzzle:“We have a microanism wisecretory structureon one a end . We know this structure is always on the sameplacehe cell andt theition o f this st

34、ructure isinherited. The question we want to answer is, how can45inherited information be translatedoitionalinformation ? Whyhat one place and no place else?Is t willetic code involved, and if so, how? The answerl us how tes work in concert with the rest ofthe cell to put things where they belong.50

35、“In order to gathieof the jigsaw puzzle (t is,pieof information),oke at the cell. We change ita little . A specific muiont altered the membranestructure of the cell was found t o turn off the synthesis of the secretory structure. This was a piece of the jigsaw55puzzle . But just onece. Because we ha

36、dnt a clue asto how this had happened or could happen. ” Steinerindicatest there will be many further questionst willsuggest experiments whose results may allow us to prpictures on theof the jigsaw puzzle: “ Not put the60puzzle together, mind you. But help us think about whatthcture will ultimay loo

37、k like. ”The realized picture on Carol Steiner s jigsaw puzzle isthe map of gene expreslaid olearly will roads,pathways, connecting signal pos, and railway junctions65marked sot any tourist can find his or her wayhisbeautiful country , which is confusing only when one iswandering about in ignorance

38、as we all are now witha highlyplete map.16 The primary pure of the passage is to convey information about the(A) occupational hazards encountered by laboratory workersproblem-solving skills taught by chemists and neuroanatomistspuzzling nature of everyday phenomena(D) profesal collaboration nesary f

39、eneticists(E) thought proses distinctive to research scientists选 E。文章中有三个地方对全文所讲的内容有作提示，分别是第三行的 ponder，第七行的 rumination 和第 36 行的 imagine 它们都很好地对应了 E 答案中的thought proses。17In line 1, the author characterizes “ Laboratory research ”as something t isfundamentalambitiouschallengingtime-consumingwell regar

40、ded选A。中fundamental 对应文章中第一行的 at the heart of。18 The author indicatest the prosubjectivevexatiouss of “ rumination ” (line 4) is(C) insantinnovativefutile选C。义改写的关系。中insant 对应文章中第 7 行的goes on without end,近19 In line 21, “ No matter ” dismisses as irrelevant the means by which(A) scientudents learn res

41、earch skills(B) scientists choose research spelties(C) laboratory reports explaethodologiesscientific knowledge is perceived by the publicresearchers make use of laboratory workers选B。此题难度相对较大，因为阅读范围较大。在文中通过 no matter回答了前面主要的选择什么样的研究科目什么样的研究课题并不重要，重要的是在后面说出了一旦选定了就要全身心的投入这样才有可能会有所成果B 中的应。spelties 可以和原

42、文中 14 行的discipline 和 15 行的 problem 对20 In line 29, “ trick ” most nearly meansrusefeatprillupeculiarity选 B。此题需要通过上下文理解来确定词义，如果单纯靠近义词转换容易错选C，因为 pr和trick 都有恶作剧的意思。在原文中强调了做科学研究很折磨人很耗时间所以需要自始至终都拥有像一开始时那种对待科研的少从精神层面上来说就已经成功了。至21. The “ memory ” referred to in line 30 ist of the(A) initial fascination wis

43、cientific goal(B) steps required to establish scientific truth(C) dollection pros usedhe experiment(D) day-to-day repetitiveness of the work(E) relevant traininghe academic field选 A。memory 和 28 行的 original impetus 是对应关系，而 originalimpetus 有何A 中的initial fascination 对应，所以等量代换。22 In line 32-33 ( “Those

44、scientists” ) , the authors feeling toward certain scientists is best described as one of(A) astonishment(B) appretion(C) plexityenvyreproach选 B。第 32 行和 33 行中有很多正评价的形容词和应即可比如 energetic，exciting。中的正评价词对23 The passage impst the discovery of the “specific muion” (line53) was most significant for(A) dem

45、onstrating the random nature of scientific breakthroughs(B) provingt multiple factors affect microanismsproviding a clue to the solution of a research questionjustifying the expense of a major research projectrevealing a flaw in a scientific methodology选 C。对应 55 行到 57 行。用变异的例子来说明在科学研究中有时可能只找到了一部分信息b

46、ut just on科学研究的面貌。ece。一部分线索并不能完整的呈现24 Which best describes the function of Steiners account of her research in the overalldevelopment of the passage?A digresA refufrom the author s central argumention of criticisms raised earrhe passage(C) A recapitulation of pos madehe opening paragraphAn observati

47、onAn exlet challenges previous assertionst expands upon preceding generalizations选 E。这道题了对文章整体结构的把握,文章一共分成六段，前面两段主要科学研究的态度，后面四段具体举例。小结：这个section 的阅读主要从社会学，自传体文学，和自然科学三种体裁考察了考生的阅读能力和对篇章中特有的重点的把握。在讲工作场合要不苟言笑还是要更幽默的这篇文章中，考生需要掌握作者的建议型口吻和怀疑性论述的表达模式的套路。非洲裔章中寻根是SAT 阅读的作家的突尼斯之旅文章中考生要注意把握点。类文SECTION 4Questio

48、ns 9-10 are based on the following passage.From the earst times, the complications inherent indeciphering the movements of planetshe night sky musthave seemed a curse to baffled astronomers.he longrun, though, they proved a blessing to the developmentof cosmology, the study of the physica celestial

49、motions been simple, it mighiverse. Had the5ve beensibleto explahem solelyerms of the simple, poetic talesd characterized the early cosmologies. Instead,these motions proved to be soricate and subtletastronomers could not predict them accuray without10eventually coming to terms with t he physical re

50、ality ofhow and where the Sun, Moon, and planetually movein real, three-dimenal space.9 The primary pure of the passage is toemphasize the importance of myth in ancient civilizationsexplain how an astronomical problem affected the development physical sciencepredict the motions of planets outside of

51、 our solar systemchallenge the major achievements of some ancient astronomerscompare celestial movements in different time periodsof a选 B。原文中第三行 seemed a curse 中的 curse 其实可以理解为impediment，很好地对应了 B 选项中 affected 这个表示影响的词。10 The passage indicates becauset ancient astronomers were “baffled”(line 3)their

52、observations disproved the poetic tales of early cosmologiestheylackedthemathematicalsophisticationneededtocalculate astronomical distan(C) they did not properly distinguish betn astronomy and cosmologytheir theories of planetary movements were more complicated movements themselvesthey could not rel

53、iably predict observable celestial phenomenan the选 E。文章 8 到 10 行明确了天体运动的复杂性对天文学家的造成了。Questions 11-12 are based on the following passage.Most advertising researchers who work f o r and advisebusinesses amet consistent , lo n g- term advertisingns are an effective way to projeolid, enduringimage and t

54、o maain an ongoing relationship betnconsumers and the companys products; however, there is little published research on the effectiveness of such a strategy. This is partly because most advertising studies, in an attempt to control for “ background knowledge, ” focus on new ads or fictitious brands

55、. Also , while the proverbial5wisdom may be to use a consistent long-term businesses rarely do so. More commonplace is then,10switching ofns to gain consumers erest.11 The author indicates products ” ) isunsubstantiatedself-defeatingself-servingtrendyrecklesst the amption described(t “选 A。从文章第 2 行中a

56、测而已，根本没有得到证实。me 这个词得知这都是这些研究者的推12 The passage impst advertisers frequently attemptt o “ gainconsumers erest ” by usingflatterynoveltypersistenceshockhumor选B。对应 12 行中 the switching 这个词，不断地变化就是推成出新。Questions 13-25 are based on the following passage.This passage, adapted from a novel, is set during the

57、 1950s. A boy and his father are drivingtYork City, where the father, Earl, hopes to begin a career as a musin.Earl s aim was t o take two-lane highways all the wayfrom Chicago t we moved outYork. “ This way. ” he explained, as o the hot July dawn, “ well actually seewhere we re going. I hate those

58、turnpikes, Virgil. They re5inhuman and, just you wait, one day theyll take over thewhole country. Everything will be concrete. ” There wereother, less sentimental reasons for taking the back roads:no tolls to pay, cher gasoline sions, and a chanceto prihop when we weregry.He had me laughing from the

59、 moment we left town.10I d never seen him in better spirits. He did imiionsall acrossna. In Ohio, our road sometimes movedright alongside the turnpike and we could see the new cars, with their outlandish fins, passing us as regularly as cards being dealt off the top of an endless deck. Earl urged th

60、e Pontiac on with whoops and slaps at the steer-15ing wheel, like a cowboy racing his horse againsrain.He made remarks to the waitresseshe little restaurantswe d stop in every three hours, coolly demanding boiling water for his imported lea bags and then lavishly compli- menting their culinary skill