福建省五校2022-2023学年高三第一次调研测试英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回2答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置3请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符4作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效5如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Whats that noise?O

2、h, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _.Awas testedBwill be testedCis being testedDhas been tested2Hot the night air was,we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.Aalthough Bwhile Cas Dhowever3_him not to do so, he wouldnt have made such a serious mistake.ADid I persuadeBIf

3、I persuadeCIf I should persuadeDHad I persuaded4This kind of glasses made by experienced craftsmen _ comfortably. Ais worn Bwears Cwearing Dare worn5-How was your trip to Xian last month？-_. It was raining cats and dogs during my stay there.AWonderfulBExcitingCNot badDIt couldnt be worse6-Hi, Betty,

4、 are you free at present? I have to ask you for a favor-_With pleasureASorry, I am busyBGo aheadCHelp yourselfDAsk, please7The English in this story has been simplified to make it easier _.Ato be understoodBunderstoodCunderstandingDto understand8It is so difficult a question_ none of the kids could

5、work it out.AasBthatCwhichDX9- Its raining hard and we cant go picnicking today.-If only the weather _ fine!AisBwereChad beenDwould be10Well go early ，we may not get a seatAOtherwiseBMeanwhileCHoweverDBesides11 Dimash appeared on the stage of Singer 2017,his voice instantly won hearts of Chinese aud

6、ience.AAs long as BAs soon as CNow that DEver since12I will be a vice president in a year or two.You cant be serious!_.AI cant make it BI cant help it CI wont tell a soul DI wouldnt bet on it13一Did you forget your promise, dear?一 I have finished my homework on time, mom.AExcuse me.BSurely.CWhy not?D

7、How could I?14This is a very interesting book. Ill buy it, _.Ahowever much it may costBno matter how it may costChow much may it costDhowever many it may cost15Oh! The flower cant be saved. If the flower had been watered，it now.Awouldnt be dyingBis deadChad been deadDwill not die16Whats that noise?O

8、h，I forget to tell you.The new machine_.Ais testing Bwas being testedCis being tested Dhas been tested17It was announced that only when the fire was under control _to return to their homes.Athe residents would be permittedBhad the residents been permittedCwould the residents be permittedDthe residen

9、ts had been permitted18Some people suggest changing the date for the college entrance exams into _ Saturday and Sunday of the first week of June, which I think is _ good advice.A/ ; /Bthe; theCthe; aDthe; /19Face the problem bravely and you _ a new way to success.Afind Bfound Cwill find Dhave found2

10、0If I can help , I dont like working late into the night.AsoBthatCthemDit第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） The tons of plastic were dumping in the oceans is finding a new homethe stomachs of our beautiful marine animals. Yet another reminder of this fact washed ashore in Easter

11、n Indonesia this week. A large amount of waste, including drinking cups and flip-flops, was found in the stomach of a whale that died off the coast near Kapota Island.The 9.5-metre sperm whale (抹香鲸) was found by rescuers from the Wakatobi National Park. The whale had swallowed 5.9 kilograms of plast

12、ic waste containing 115 plastic cups, four plastic bottles, 25 plastic bags, and more than 1,000 other kinds of pieces of plastic, park chief Heri Santoso told the reporter.“Although we have not been able to deduce the cause of death, the facts that we see are truly awful,” said Dwi Suprapti, a mari

13、ne species conservation co-ordinator at WWF Indonesia. She said it was not possible to determine if the plastic had caused the whales death because of the animals advanced state of decay (腐烂). But this is only the latest.Four Asian nationsIndonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam and Thailandaccount for 5

14、0% of the plastic waste in the oceans, according to a report by environmental campaigner Ocean Conservancy and the McKinsey Center for Business and Environment. The Philippines is second to Indonesia when it comes to putting away plastic waste in the oceans, according to a study published in the jou

15、rnal Science in January. Of the 3.2 million mismanaged waste it produces every year, 1.29 million ends up in the ocean.A report released earlier this year stated that the amount of plastic in the ocean is likely to increase.1、What can we know about the sperm whale?AIts stomach is the home of plastic

16、 waste.BIt died of swallowing lots of plastic waste.CIt was the first whale to eat plastic waste.DIt had eaten much plastic waste before its death.2、Which can best replace the underlined word “deduce” in paragraph 3?AconfirmBcauseCapproveDcontain3、Which country dumps the most plastic waste into the

17、oceans?AThailandBIndonesiaCVietnamDPhilippines4、Whats the main idea of the passage?APhilippines puts away 1.29 million tons of plastic.BA sperm whale was found dead near Kapota Island.CMuch dumped plastic waste was found in a dead whale.DWe should take measures to reduce the waste in whales.22（8分）Ed

18、ucation is not a bystanders sport. Numerous researchers have shown that when students participate in classroom discussion they hold more positive attitudes toward school, and that positive attitudes promote learning. It is no coincidence that girls are more passive in the classroom discussion and sc

19、ore lower than boys on SATs.We found that at all grade levels in all communities and in all subject areas boys controlled classroom communication. They participated in more interactions than girls did, and their participation became greater as the year went on.Our research contradicted the tradition

20、al assumption that girls control classroom communication in reading while boys in math. We found that whether the subject was language arts and English or math and science, boys got more than their fair share of teacher attention. That teachers talk more to male students is simply because boys are m

21、ore aggressive in grabbing their attention by calling out answers to the teachers questions first. While girls sit patiently with their hands raised or keep silent. Psychologist Lisa Serbin and K.Daniel OLeary, then at the state university of New York at stony brook studied classroom interaction at

22、preschool level and found that teachers gave boys more attention, praised them more often and were at least twice as likely to have extended conversations with them.Years of experience have shown that the best way to learn something is to do it yourself. It is also important to give students specifi

23、c and direct feedback about the quality of their work and answers. Teachers behave differently depending on whether boys or girls are active to provide answers during discussions. During classroom discussion, teachers in our study reacted to boys answers with powerful, precise and effective response

24、s, while they often gave girls mild and unclear reactions because of their silence. Too often, girls remain in the dark about the quality of their answers. Active students receiving precise feedback are more likely to achieve academically. And they are more likely to be boys.This kind of communicati

25、on game is played at work, as well as at school. As reported in numerous studies, it goes like this.Men speak more often and frequently interrupt women. Listeners recall more from male speakers than from female speakers, even when both use a similar speaking style and cover the same content.Women pa

26、rticipate less actively in conversation. They do more smiling and gazing, and they are more often the passive by standers in professional and social conversations among peers.Women often their own statements into unsure comments. This is accomplished by using qualifiers and by adding tag question. T

27、hese uncertain patterns weaken impact and signal a lack of power and influence.Only when girls are active and treated equally in the classroom will they be more likely to achieve equality in the workplace.1、What does the authors mean when they say“Education is not a bystanders sport.”?ABoth boys and

28、 girls should do more sports.BThe girl students should be the audience to watch the boy students discussions.CThe boy students should not be too active in the classroom discussions.DBoth boy and girl students should take an active part in the classroom discussions.2、Which of the following is Not tru

29、e?AGirls scores are lower than boys on SATs.BGirls control classroom discussion in reading while boys in maths.CBoys control classroom discussion in both reading and maths.DBoys are more confident in calling out answers to catching the teachers attention.3、The factors that contribute to the students

30、 effective learning are the following except_AThe students can take an active part in the classroom discussion.BThe students do it themselves.CTeachers can give students specific and direct feedback the quality of their work and answers.DStudents transform their own statements into uncertain comment

31、s.23（8分）Asias mountain glaciers (冰川) will lose at least a third of their mass through global warming by the centurys end, with serious consequences for millions of people who rely on them for fresh water, researchers have said. The high mountains of Asia consist of a geographical region surrounding

32、the Tibetan Plateau, holding the biggest store of frozen water outside the poles. It feeds many of the worlds great rivers, including the Ganges, the Indus and the Yarlung Zangbo River, on which hundreds of millions of people depend.Nearly 200 nations adopted the Paris Agreement in 2015, which sets

33、the goal of limiting warming to a level of “well below” 2C, while “pursuing efforts” to achieve a lower ceiling of 1.5CEarths surface has already warmed by about 1C, according to scientists.The Asian high mountains, the new study said, were already warming more rapidly than the global average. A glo

34、bal temperature rise of 1.5C would mean an average increase in the region of about 2.1C, with differences between mountain ranges - all of which will warm by more than 1.5CThe Hindu Kush mountain range would warm by about 2.3C and the eastern Himalaya Mountains by 1.9C, the study forecast.“Even if t

35、emperatures stabilize at their current level, (glacier) mass loss will continue for decades to come,” the researchers added. “For the high mountain glaciers to survive, it is vital to reduce the global temperature increase to the lowest possible level.”A study in July in the journal Nature Climate C

36、hange said there was only a 5% chance of holding global warming under 2CFor 1.5C, the chance was about 1%. On current trends, some experts project Earth is on track to warm by about 3C1、What is stressed about Asias mountain glaciers in the first paragraph?AThe reason for its melting.BIts importance.

37、CIts geographical condition.DThe consequences caused by its decrease.2、What do we know about the temperature on the earths surface?AIt keeps up its normal level.BIt has risen too much since the Paris Agreement was made.CIt is far below the level that the Paris Agreement demands.DIt is near the lower

38、 ceiling that the Paris Agreement demands.3、How may we guarantee these glaciers, continued existence, according to researchers?AHold global warming under 2CBTry to save water as much as we can.CKeep global temperature increase to a minimum.DMake the global temperature stable at its current level.4、H

39、ow does the author develop the passage?AGiving examples. BDescribing.CPresenting data. DComparing.24（8分）James Gross, a psychology professor at Stanford University, has a 13-year-old daughter who loves math and science. “It hasnt occurred to her yet thats unusual,” he says. “But I know in the next co

40、uple of years, it will.”Shes already being pulled out of class to do advanced things with a couple of other kids, who are guys. And as someone who studies human emotion for a procession, Gross says, “I know as time goes on, she will feel increasingly lonely as a girl whos interested in math and scie

41、nce, and be at risk of narrowing her choices in life before finding out how far she could have gone.Gross concern clearly shows what has been a touchy subject in the world of science for a long time: Why are there still so few women in science, and how might that affect what we learn from research?W

42、omen now make up half the national workforce, earn more college and graduate degrees than men, and by some estimates represent the largest single economic force in the world. Yet the gender gap in science persists, to a greater degree than in other professions, particularly in high-end, math-intensi

43、ve fields such as computer science and engineering.According to US Census Bureau statistics, women in fields commonly referred to as STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) made up 7 percent of that workforce in 1970, a figure that had jumped to 23 percent by 1990. But the rise essentia

44、lly stopped there. Two decades later, in 2011, women made up 26 percent of the science workforce.1、According to James Gross, in the near future his daughter may .Abecome a great scientistBfeel lonely and have fewer choicesCbe pulled out of class with some guysDlearn math and science better and bette

45、r2、We can learn from the text that .Awomen are cleverer than men in collegeBmen represent the largest single economic forceCwomen make up more than 50% of the national workforceDthe number of women graduating from college is larger than that of men3、How does the author develop the last paragraph?ABy

46、 providing examples.BBy making comments.CBy following time order.DBy explaining the process.4、Which of the following is the best title for the text?AWhy It Is Important to Get More Women Into ScienceBJames Gross, Confusion About His daughterCSituation of Women in the Whole CountryDFuture of women in

47、 the Workforce25（10分） Why do we laugh and get amusement from so many different things, from puns (双关语) to pratfalls? Why are some things funny to some people and not to others? How is that while a successful joke can cause pleasure, a sick one can cause serious harm?Over the centuries, various schol

48、ars have attempted to produce a universally agreed-upon theory of humor. Plato and Aristotle introduced the superiority(优越感) theory, the idea that people laugh at the misfortune of others. Their theory seems to explain teasing, but it doesnt work well for knock-knock jokes. Sigmund Freud argued for

49、his relief theory, the concept that humor is a way for people to release psychological tension and reveal their inner fears and desires. His theory works well for dirty jokes, less well for most puns.The majority of humor expels today agree with the incongruity theory, the idea that humor arises whe

50、n theres a gap between what people expect to happen and what actually happens. Incongruity has a lot going for it jokes with unexpected funny lines, for example, fit well. But scientists have found that in comedy, unexpectedness is overvalued.With the goal of developing a new, more satisfactory expl

51、anation, I produced “the gentle violation(违背) theory”, the idea that humor arises when something seems wrong or threatening, but is actually OK or safe. A dirty joke, for example, trades on moral or social violations, but its only going to get a laugh if the person listening is open enough to consid

52、er the subject OK to talk about. Similarly, puns can be seen as linguistic violations that still make grammatical sense.And while most humor theories have struggled to account for tickling (挠痒痒), or just avoided the phenomenon altogether, my theory accounts for even this kind of laughter. Tickling i

53、nvolves violating someones physical space in a gentle way. People cant tickle themselves because it isnt a violation.1、What is the authors attitude towards Plato and Aristotles theory?ACritical.BApproving.CUncaringDUnclear.2、According to Sigmund Freuds theory, we can infer that _.Apeople will laugh

54、when they see others sufferBtelling dirty jokes is a relief of ones nervous feelingsCunexpectedness can explain how humor worksDtickling doesnt involve psychological tension3、According to the author, why are some things funny to some people but not to others?ABecause the sense of humor varies greatl

55、y from person to person.BBecause people have different expectations for the same thing.CBecause some people lack the sense of safety deep in their heart.DBecause peoples understanding of violation is different.4、What is the authors main purpose of writing this passage?ATo draw peoples attention to t

56、he research of humor.BTo criticize peoples misconceptions about humor.CTo explain what exactly causes people to laugh.DTo prove the sense of humor can be developed.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。D

57、oubleAngelsItwasChristmasEve,andthestoresweregoingtobeclosingprettysoonIwastryingto 1 2 mywaythroughthecrowdswhenaguyinablackcoatcameuptome,toldmethathehadlosthisbrownleather 3 _andshovedhisgraybusinesscardintomyhandPleasecallmeatthenumberonthecardifyouhappentofindit,hesaidIlookedathim,shruggedmysho

58、uldersand 4 _,Yeah,noproblemIlldothatSuddenly,Inoticedaflat,greenbox 5 _undersomewrappingpaperIopenedituptofindanamazing 6 _platewithaNativitysceneonitThereitwasIsmiled_,gathereditupandheaded_ 7 thecashregisterAsthecashierwasringingupmy 8 _,Ireachedintomypockettogetmymoney 9 _mypocketwasempty!Ibegan

59、toscramblearoundsearchingeverypocketwhenI 10 _IhadleftmywalletathomeSoIdidtheonlythingIcouldthinkofatthatmoment:Iranoutsidethestoreandstartedtobegpeoplefor_SomelookedatmelikeIwascrazy;othersjust_meFinally,givingup,Islumpeddownonacoldbenchfeelingtotally 11 _IreacheddowntotiemyshoewhenIspotteda 12 13

60、walletlyingnexttothefrontlegofthebenchIwonderedifit 14 15 bethewalletthatthemanintheblackcoathadlostIopeneditandreadthenameonthedriverslicenseinsideYepItwashisThenmymouthdroppedinawe 16 17 Idiscoveredthreehundreddollarsinside.IneverevenquestionedwhatIshoulddoIfoundanearbypayphoneandmadea/an_calltoth