2012届高考英语二轮 专题强化阅读综合能力培养精选(九)

1、 2012 届高考英语二轮专题强化阅读综合能力培养精选九A(2011江西临川一中等九校联考)A newlypublished study has shown that lonelinesscan spread from one person to another, like a disease.Researchers used information from the Framingham Study, which began in 1948. TheFramingham Study gathers information about physical and mental health, p

2、ersonalbehavior and diet. At first, the study involved about 5,000 people in the Americanstate of Massachusetts. Now, more than 12,000 individuals are taking part.Information from the Framingham Study showed earlier that happiness can spreadfrom person to person. So can behaviors like littering and

3、the ability to stop smoking.University of Chicago psychologist John Cacioppo led the recent study. He andother researchers attempted to show how often people felt lonely. They found thatthe feeling of loneliness spread through social groups.Having a social connection with a lonely person increased t

4、he chances that anotherindividual would feel lonely. In fact, a friend of a lonely person was 52% more likelyto develop feelings of loneliness. A friend of that person was 25% more likely. Theresearchers say this shows that a person could indirectly be affected by someonesloneliness.The effect was s

5、trongest among friends. Neighbors were the second most affectedgroup. The effect was weaker on husbands and wives, and brothers and sisters. Theresearchers also found that loneliness spread more easily among women than men.TheNewYorkTimes newspaper reports that, on average, people experience feeling

6、sof loneliness about 48 days a year. It also found that every additional friend candecrease loneliness by about five percent, or two and a half fewer lonely days.Loneliness has been linked to health problems like depression and sleepingdifficulties. The researchers believe that knowing the causes of

7、 loneliness couldhelp in reducing it.The study suggests that people can take steps to stop the spread of loneliness.They can do this by helping individuals they know who may be experiencing loneliness.The result can be helpful to the whole social group.语篇解读：文章说，孤独像疾病一样会传染，这是为什么呢？让我们去一览文章，寻找- 1 - / 5

8、 word答案。38What is TRUE about the Framingham Study?AIt was only conducted in 1948.BIt involves more than 12,000 participants.CIt was led by John Cacioppo.DIt showed that any behavior could spread.解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Now, more than 12,000 individuals aretaking part可知，B 项正确。答案：B39From the passage, we ca

9、n learn that _.Athe habit of littering doesnt spreadBa lonely person wont have friendsCeveryone may be affected by others lonelinessDlonely people dont know the cause of their loneliness解析：细节理解题。从文章第五段最后一句“The researchers say this shows that aperson could indirectly be affected by someones lonelines

10、s可知，研究发现人人都可能被别人的孤独所感染，所以答案选 C 项。答案：C40Which statement about the spread of loneliness is TRUE?AThe spreading effect was the second strongest among friends.BNo spreading effect was found on husbands and wives.CWomen are more likely to be affected than men.DBrothers are more easily affected than neigh

11、bors.解析：细节理解题。从文章倒数第四段最后一句可知，女性比男性更容易被孤独所感染，所以答案选 C 项。答案：C41If you make 10 more friends in a year, the days of your feeling lonelinesswill be reduced by about _.A48 days B25 daysC20 days D15 days解析：推理判断题。从倒数第三段最后一句可知，交一个朋友可以减少约 2.5 个孤独日，- 2 - / 5 word由此推断，如果交 10 个以上的朋友，孤独日会减少大概 25 天，答案选 B 项。答案：B42Wh

12、at is the main idea of the passage?AActions should be taken to help lonely people.BPeople feel lonely for many reasons.CWays to fight against loneliness.DLonely people can affect others.解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段总领全文，也就是全文大意所在，主要告诉读者孤独也会传染，所以选 D 项。答案：DB(2011太原市局部重点中学联考)You are busy filling out the application f

13、orm fora position you really need; lets assume you once actually completed a couple of yearsof college work or even that you completed your degree. Isnt it tempting to lie justa little, to claim on the form that your diploma(毕业文凭) represents a Harvard degree?Or that you finished an extra couple of y

14、ears back at State University?More and more people are turning to an utter deception(欺骗) like this to landtheir first job or to move ahead in their careers. For personnel officers, like mostAmericans, value degrees from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good educationanyway, but he or she a

15、ssumes that chances of being hired are better with a diplomafrom a wellknown university. Registrars(注册主任) at most wellknown colleges saythat they deal with dishonest claims like these at the rate of about one per week.Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms. If it turns

16、out that an applicant is lying, most colleges are unwilling to accuse the applicantdirectly. One Ivy League school refers to them as “special cases. One wellknownWest Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says these claims aremade by “no such peopleTo avoid complete lies, some jo

17、b seekers claim that they “attendedor “wereassociated with a college or university. After careful checking, a personnelofficer may discover that “attending means being dismissed after one semester.It may be that “being associated with a college means that the jobseeker visited- 3 - / 5 wordhis young

18、er brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of falseclaims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century thatswhen they began keeping records, anyhow.If you dont want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that willsell you a fake diploma.

19、One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast,will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent oclleges. The pricebegins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from “Smoot State University. Theprices increase rapidly for a degree from the “University of Purdue. As there i

20、sno Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University,the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.语篇解读：现在随着就业的难度越来越大，很多大学毕业生会隐瞒或虚构自己的毕业学校，有些甚至会编造些虚无缥缈的信息来获得一份工作。38The writer mainly wants to tell us that _.Acollege degrees can now be purchased easilyBnowadays it i

21、s very hard for people to find jobsClying about college degrees is becoming a widespread problemDemployers are no longer interested in applicants actual performances解析：主旨大意题。从全文内容可知，作者主要向我们介绍了现在有越来越多的大学生对自己的毕业文凭等信息进展造假，故答案选 C 项。答案：C39The underlined word “utter in the second paragraph means “_Athorough BcarefulCincomplete Dspoken解析：词义猜测题。从文章第二段内容可知求职者认为拥有名牌大学的文凭被雇用的机会大，而且著名大学平均每周都会接到“造假文凭这种案件，由此可推断，画线词所在句表示现在有越来越多的人开始了彻头彻尾的欺骗。由此可知 utter 在此处表示“彻底的，十足的，语义同 thorou