不可数的抽象名词

1、不可数的抽象名词用来表示可数的人或物，在特殊情况下，有些抽象名词可以进行具体化，即名词的数和词义发生了变化。 下面就高中课本中出现的一些抽象名词具体化的名词做一整failure help honor joytrouble wonder worry理：attraction beauty comfort danger death delight experience kindness pity pleasure satisfaction shame success surprise sight knowledge room atmosphere fortune抽象名词是表示事物性质、行为、状态、感

2、情等抽象概念的，因此它通常是不可数的。但是，有时抽象名词也可转化为具体名词 （可数），表示具有某种性质的人或事物。如：help帮助（不可数）-help帮手（可数）shame遗憾（不可抽象名词是表示事物性质、行为、状态、感情等抽象概念的，因此它通常是不可数的。 但是， 有时抽象名词也可转化为具体名词（可数） ， 表示具有某种性质的人或事物。 如：help帮助（不可数）-help帮手（可数）shame遗憾（不可数）-pity遗憾的事（可数）pleasure 快乐（不可数）-pleasure 乐事（可数）success 成功（不可数）-success 成功的人或事（可数）surprise惊奇（不可数

3、）-surprise令人惊奇的事（可数）success成功（不可数）-a success 成功的人或事（可数）（可数）pleasure愉快（不可数）-a pleasure 令人愉快白人或事（可数）（可数）disappointment 失望（不可数）-disappointment 令人失望白人或事（可数）抽象名词表示一般概念时， 是不可数名词，但当它表示具有某种性质的人或表示某种情况或概念时，则为可数名词。如 beauty 表示“美”时，为抽象名词，不可数，但表示“美人”时，则为具体名词，可数； bother 表示“麻烦”时，为抽象名词，不可数，而表示“麻烦事”时，则为具体名词，可数。请看例句：

4、She is quite a beauty. 她真是个美人儿。What a bother! We vemissed the bus. 真恼人 ! 我们误了公共汽车。有趣的是， 有少数抽象名词总是可数的， 如 a denial （一项否认声明）， a proposal （一项提案 ）， a scheme （一个计划 ） ， a statement （一项声明）等。如：They each put forward a proposal. 他们每人提出了一个建议。Recently the company issued a denial of the story. 最近该公司声明否认此事。The Pri

5、me Minister is to make a statement tomorrow. 首相将在明天发表声明。He has a scheme to increase for increasing his income. 他有一个增加收入的计划。attraction (U) 吸引,吸引力; ? 有吸引力的人或事物 .到月球上旅行的想法对我没有什么吸引力 .The idea of traveling to the moon has little attraction for me.城里明亮的灯,戏院 , 电影等有巨大的吸引力 .The citys bright lights, theatres,

6、 and movies are great attractions.这份工作最吸引人的是薪水高 .One of the main attractions of the job is the high salary.beauty 美 ,美丽;美丽的人或事物She was a famous beauty in her youth.她年轻时是个有名的美人.That new car is an absolute beauty.那辆新车漂亮极了 .comfort 安慰 ,慰藉 ,宽恕;令人感到安慰的人或事物The news brought comfort to all of us. TOC o 1-5

7、h z 这消息给我们大家带来了安慰.His husband was a great comfort to her when she was ill.她生病时 ,她丈夫对她是个极大的安慰.danger 危险,风险 ; 危险的人,危险因素Childrens lives are in danger every time they cross this road.孩子们每次过这条马路都面临着生命危险.out of danger 脱离危险警方说这个男子对公众是个危险分子.Police said the man was a danger to the public.How does nature form

8、 a danger to people in the world.自然现象是如何对全球人类造成威胁的。death 死 ,死亡;死亡的人Air pollution alone causes about three million deaths every year.仅空气污染就造成了每年近三百万人死亡.If the hurricane had happened during the daytime, there would have been many more deaths.若飓风发生在白天,那么死亡的人会多的多.delight 高兴 ,愉快,快乐 ;令人高兴的事,乐事,乐趣To our gr

9、eat delight, the day turned out fine.我们感到高兴的是天气转晴了 .The guitar is a delight to play.弹吉他是件很惬意的事.Her singing is a delight.她的歌声使人快乐 .difficulty 困难,艰难,难度 ,困难性;难做,难懂 ,难应付的事,难事 ,难点 ,难题She got the door open with difficulty.她艰难地把门打开了 .I had the great difficulty in persuading her. TOC o 1-5 h z 我为了说服她,费了好大的劲

10、儿.He wants to marry her, but his parents are making difficulties.他想娶她 ,但他父母从中阻挠.她在旅行时遇到了许多伤脑筋的事.She met with many difficulties when traveling.experience 经验 ;经历,体验Do you have any previous experience of this kind of work?你以前做过这种工作吗 ?Valuable experience 宝贵的经验He hand many interesting experiences while t

11、raveling in Africa.failure 失败 ; 失败的人湖事物The success or failure of the plan depends on you.这项计划的成败取决于你 .Failure in one examination should not stop you trying again.一次考试不及格不应该防碍你再试一次.整个事情彻底失败了 .The whole thing was a complete failure.She was a failure as a teacher.她当教师并不成功 .help 帮助 ;有帮助的人或事物A tape-recor

12、der or a mp3 is a great help for you to learn English.录音机或 mp3 对你学英语帮助很大.我在家里是妈妈的好帮手.I am a good help to my mother at home.honour 荣幸,荣誉;给某人/某事增光的人或事物我们为祖国的荣誉而战 .We fought for the honour of our country.参加这次大会我感到很荣幸.It is a great honour for me to be present at the conference.joy 高兴 ,愉快 ,喜悦;令人高兴的人或事,乐事

13、,乐趣jump with joy 高兴得跳起来The game was a joy to watch.看这场比赛真是开心、.He is a great joy to listen to.他这个人 ,听他讲话就是极大的乐趣.kindness 亲切 ,和蔼,仁慈 ,好意;友好或仁慈,体贴的举动,好心的表现或行为她对孩子和动物总是很温柔.She always shows kindness to children and animals.他做那件事纯粹出于好意,并非为钱 .He did it entirely out of kindness, not for money.It would be a g

14、reat kindness to see him while he is so ill.他病得很厉害,去探望他就是对他的极大关怀.pity 怜悯 ,同情;可惜的事 ,遗憾的事feel pity for 对 .同情 out of pity 出于同情我们今天出去游玩天气不好,真遗憾 .Its a pity the weather is not good for our outing today.你今晚不能和我们一起去看戏,真可惜 .Its a pity that you cant go to the theatre with us tonight.pleasure 高兴 ,快乐,愉快 ;乐事 ,趣

15、事take (a) pleasure in 以 .为乐with pleasure 愉快地 ,高兴地 TOC o 1-5 h z It is my pleasure. 我乐意做的事情.跟你一起工作是一件令人高兴的事情.It is a pleasure to work with you.It has been a pleasure meeting you.认识你是十分高兴的事.She has few pleasures left in life.她的生活中已没有什么乐趣了 .satisfaction 满足 ,满意 ;令人满足或带来乐趣的事情with satisfaction 满意地Playing

16、the piano was one of his greatest satisfactions. TOC o 1-5 h z 弹钢琴是他的最大乐趣之一.知道他已经平安到家,我感到十分高兴.It is a great satisfaction to know that he has arrived home safely.shame 羞耻 ,羞愧 ,惭愧 ;遗憾的事 ,可耻的人或事物他对自己所做的事情不感到羞愧.He felt no shame for what he had done.欺骗这位老人真是太可耻了 .It is a shame to deceive the old man.What

17、 a shame that it rained so much during the vocation.假期里下那么多雨,真是太遗憾了 .success 成功 ,成名 ;成功的人或事物Hes proud of his daughters successes.他为女儿的种种成就感到自豪.在他的实验中 ,有三个成功 ,一个失败 .Of his experiments, three were successes and one was a failure.surprise 惊奇 ,令人惊奇的事或消息,意想不到或突然的事in surprise 吃惊地Her letter came as a compl

18、ete surprise. TOC o 1-5 h z 万万没想到会收到她的信.trouble 困难 ,苦恼 ,痛苦 ;麻烦事,困难事,负担Shes had so many troubles that she looks fifty, although shes only thirty.使她苦恼的事情太多,虽然她只有三十岁,看上去却像五十岁了.She has always been a great trouble to her father and mother.她一直是她父母的一块心病.wonder 惊奇,惊讶,惊异 ,惊叹,惊愕 ;令人感到惊奇的事情,奇迹,奇观in/with wonder

19、 惊奇地 no wonder 毫不奇怪长城是世界奇迹之一.The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world.worry 担心 ,担忧,忧愁;烦恼事 ,令人担忧的人她脸上显出担忧的神情.Her face showed signs of worry.My father has a lot of worries.我父亲有许多烦恼.忘记那些愁事,尽情享乐吧!Forget your worries and enjoy yourself!sight U视力，视觉C情景，景象Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见，心不想；去者日以疏；离久情疏。I cannot endure the sight. 我不能容忍这种情景。It was a touching sight. 这是一幅动人景象。It was a magnificent sight. 一路景色真美。knowledge U 知识C （一门）学问Knowledge begin with practice. 认识从实践开始。Knowledge is no burden. 艺不压身。Knowledge is power.- Bacon 知识