新教材人教版高中英语必修三 U3 Discovering Useful Structures课件

1、Unit3 Diverse CulturesDiscovering useful structures1. To understand the use of ellipsis in English2. To apply what we learn in this period to exercisesLearning aims 1:省略(Ellipsis)【情境探究】Lead-in 1:1. Look at the following sentences, and say which one is better ? why?Mike said that he would e to school

2、 to see me the next day, but he didnt come to school to see me the next day.Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didnt.避免重复,减少累赘EllipsisSorry to have kept you waiting.Seen the movie before?(Im) sorry to have kept you waiting.(Have you) seen the movie before?连接紧密，结构紧凑

3、强调重点，突出信息2. Add words which have been left out and rewrite the sentences.John was the winner in 1994 and Bob in 1998.- What did you do yesterday?- Just slept. Nothing else.John was the winner in 1994 and Bob (was the winner) in 1998.- (I) just slept. (I did) nothing else.定义 为了使语言简洁或避免重复, 省略句子中的一个或几个

4、句子成分, 这种语法现象称为省略。按照省略的部分可分为句子成分的省略和词的省略。结合上面的对话完成句子1. While _(iron) clothes, Miss Good a identally touched the iron. 2. Remove clothing using scissors _(如果有必要的话) unless it is stuck to the burn. ironingif necessaryGuiding Questions一、简单句中的省略1. 省略主语 祈使句中主语通常省略(You) shut up.Sounds like a good idea.(It)

5、sounds like a good idea.点拨精讲 :Shut up.2. 省略主谓或主谓语的一部分Got any ink?3. 省略宾语This way,please.（You e) this way, please.（Have you) got any ink?-Do you know Miss Gao?-I dont know (her).4.省略表语-Are you thirsty？-Yes, I am.Yes , I am (thirsty).1. 若主语或宾语相同，省略共同的主语或宾语。Tom picked up a book on the floor and (Tom) h

6、anded it to his teacher.Jack must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.二、并列句中的省略2. 若主语不同，省略后面谓语部分相同的系动词、助动词或情态动词。3. 若主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的主谓成分。His advice made me happy, but (his advice made) Jim angry.He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesnt (have a knowled

7、ge of first aid).4. 若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分。1. 状语从句的省略。Wood gives off much smoke while burning.三、复合句中的省略while (it is) burning.Whenever possible, they would stop him and ask him the three questions.Whenever (it is) possible,在when, while, if, as if, though, although, as, until, once, whether,

8、unless, whenever等连接的状语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语相同且谓语中含有系动词be或从句的主语为it时，则从句主语和be动词常被省略。 They dont use more water than it is necessary.He runs as fast as Bob runs.在than, as等引导的比较状语从句中可以全部或部分省略。After half an hour, she became quieter than she had been.( ) ( ) ( ) 找出以下句子当中可以省略的部分。2. 定语从句的省略。The exact year (which/th

9、at) Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.He is the man (whom) they assume to be extremely rich.在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词which, that, whom可以省略。（但whom, which紧跟在介词后时不能省略）。The firm in which Dick worked has gone bankrupt.修饰way的关系词that/in which可以省略。The way he speaks to us is really annoying.(i

10、n which)(that)(/)3. 宾语从句的省略。I truly believe that beauty es from within.He said that the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句时，那么只有第一个that可以省略。( )( )I know that a movie star will e to our city but I dont know when he will co

11、me to our city. Please pass me one of these books, I dont care which you pass me.when, where, which, how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。( ) ( ) 找出以下句子当中可以省略的部分。1. 动词不定式的省略。You cant force him to answer the question if hes not ready to answer the question.四、其他省略情况当不定式在形容词afraid, anxious, eager, glad, happy, rea

12、dy, willing等后作状语时，to后的内容常省略。( ) We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom.She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.使役动词，如make, let, have等和感官动词，如see, watch, notice, observe, hear等后面作宾补的不定式须省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态，则to不省略。(被动语态) He likes to swim more than (to) skate.He believ

13、es it important to study rather than to make friends.并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，则不能省略to。(比较) 当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，常可省略。常见的动词有agree, afford, expect, forget, hope, know, manage, pretend, remember, refuse, want, wish, would like等。 -Will you go with me?-Well, Id like to (go with you). - Have you ev

14、er been to the seaside?- No, we cant afford to (go to the seaside).All he could do was nothing but wait and see.We had no alternative but to wait.介词but, except前有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的不定式不带to。They didnt visit their parents as much as they ought to visit their parents.当不定式在be going to, be able to, have to,

15、ought to, used to后作复合谓语时，不定式可省略。( ) He didnt e, but he ought to have.-Are you a farmer? -No, but I used to be.( e) (a farmer) Attention：省略的不定式内容若含有作助动词用的have或be的任何形式时，to后要保留原形的have或be。补全以下句子当中可以省略的部分。2.使用so, not等时的省略。在英语中，可以用so, not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。-Can you finish your work today?- (我认为能。)- (

16、我认为不能。)I think so. I dont think so./I think not Attention：hope, guess, be afraid的否定形式只能用not的形式，不能用notso的形式。3.介词的省略。一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略。常见的结构有:have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sthbe busy (in) doing sthspend some time (in) doing sthstop/prevent sb (from) doing sthThere is no sense/point (in) doi

17、ng sth课堂小结 2:Find the sentences in activity 1 in this unitand discuss the following questions in pairs.Why use ellipsis in sentences?What sentence elements are omitted? They are MexicanI love nachos, tooits the food of many different cultures,and they are all in one dish? There is a real mix of cult

18、ures here!Cant wait to go there！Clear meaning in the context, avoid repetition, make the structure more pact, make the focus more prominent.Subject, predicate, object.Rewrite these sentences and take out theunnecessary parts.1Youmeanyouareplanningatrip across the Atlantic for a holiday? It sounds li

19、ke a good idea.2Hetriedtosolvehisfinancialproblems,butcouldnt solve the problems.3If it isnecessary,Illfinishmyreporton Americanpoetryassoonas it ispossible.4Areyougoingtodresslikethat? Wearing a dress might be betterthanwearing jeansand boots.5Somewildmushroomsarepoisonous andsomearenot poisonous.6

20、Ireallylikethatpaperfoldingbook andmyson likethat paper foldingbook,too.Rewrite the following sentences with ellipsis structure.When he was in America，he made many friends with students from different countries._，he made many friends with students from different countries.He wont attend the party ev

21、en if he is invited.He wont attend the party_Mistakes，if there are any，should be corrected.Mistakes，_，should be corrected.When in Americaeven if invitedif anyRewrite the following sentences with ellipsis structure.Shall we have a test tomorrow? I hope we wont have a test tomorrow. Shall we have a te

22、st tomorrow? _The book that he borrowed yesterday is well worth reading._ is well worth reading.I hope notThe book he borrowed yesterday1. Every evening after dinner, if not _ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. A. being tired B. tiring C. tired D. to be tired2. You and I could hardly work together, _? A. could you B. couldnt I C. couldnt we D. could we当堂检测 10:3. Distinguished guests and friends, wel eto our school. _ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni（校友）from home