人教版八年级英语下册Unit1-6知识点总结

1、人教版八年级下册英语知识总结Unit 1have a (high) fever发(高)烧 have a cough 咳嗽 have a toothach切疼talk too much 说太多have a (bad) cold (重)感冒have a stomachaches 疼have a sore bacl#疼lie down and rest 躺下休息hot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶see a dentist# 牙医take one s temperature温 put some medicine on sth 药 cut oneself割伤某人自己 sound like

2、听起来像in the same way以同样的方式 take breaks休息go along沿着走on the side of the roadfe 马路边上 shout for help 大声呼救without thinking twice 没有多想get off 下车have a heart problem 心脏病thanks to 多亏，由于in time 及时 on time 准时get into trouble 遇至 U麻烦right away 立刻，马上put a bandage on sthW 绷带包扎run sth. under water在水流下冲洗 rfeel sick

3、感到恶心have a nosebleed鼻血put one s head bOck仰get hit on the hea必部受撞击mountain climbing 登山运动be in control of 掌握，管理in a difficult situation 在困境中lose one s Hfenptake risks 冒险give advice 提建议backn.背，背部 at the back of在的后面adv.回原处，往回去 go/get back返回give back归还handn. 手 hand in hand 手拉手v. 交给，传递hand in 上交 hand on 依

4、次传递 hand out 分发3. with prep.具有，表示某物具有某种特征coffee with sugar 加糖的咖啡和在一起 talk/play with sb.反义词 withoutChina is a country with long history.I like to talk freely with my friends.Write with a pen.用，使用某种工具Cut it with a knife.作状语 He came in with a big smile.need v. 需要，用于肯定句是实义动词作为情态动词仅用于否定结构和疑问句或if/weather

5、引导的宾语从句need sth. 需要某物 I need your help.人做主语 sb. need to do sthM人需要做某事 Do you need to drink more water?物做主语 sth. need doing sth.=sth. need to be donefe被动The car needs repairing. = The car needs to be repaired.needn t = don t hafeOSmustn 禁止Must I hand it in today? No, you needn t. You can do it tomorr

6、ow.lie-lay （过去式）-lain （过去分词）-lying （现在分词）躺，卧to lie on your back/side/front 仰/侧/俯卧lieTiedflied-lying 撒谎 She lies about her age.nests.layf laidflaidflaying 下蛋， 产The cuckoo lays its eggs in other birdssick/ill adj. 生病的sick可放be （系动词）后作表语，也可放名词前作定语 be sick of 讨厌，厌恶 . sick person = patient 病人川只能放在be （系动词）

7、后作表语be ill in hospital生病住院advice （不可数名词）建议，意见a piece of advice/some adviceadvice on sth. 对某事的建议advise v. advise sb. to do sth He advised me to take a holiday.advise doing sth. He advised taking a holiday.run v.跑步 Running is good for health.经营 run a company 经营公司流动，流淌 tears run from eyesorderv.命令order

8、 sb. To do sth令某人做某事The general ordered the army to put up tents将军命令军队搭帐篷。预订 ,点，叫（饭菜等）Atanas ordered a salad from the local restaurant.in order to/that.为了 .;以便 n. 顺序，次序keep in orderused to do sth. 过去常常做某事be used to doing sth.3 惯做某事be used to do sthM 用来做某事sth. run out （物作主语） / sb. run out of sth （人作主

9、语）The gas runs out.=We run out of the gas.mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着 .Making money doesn t mean getting happiness.see sb. do sth.看到某人做某事了see sb. doing sthf到某人正在做某事find it +adj.+to do sth. 发现做某事怎么样She found it difficult to keep fit.give up 放弃 give in 屈服 give out 分发 三、反身代词构成第一、二人称的反身代词构

10、成：形容词性物主代词 +self/selves单数myself 我自己yourself 你自己复数ourselves我们 自 己yourselves你们 自 己第三人称的反身代词构成：第三人称宾格 +self/selves单数 himself herself itself 他/她/它自己复数themselves他们自己不能单独作主语，可以作主语的同位语，起强调作用（误） Myself can finish my homework.（正） I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.常见搭配：enjoy o

11、neself = have fun=have a good time 玩得高兴teach oneself = learn by oneself 自学 introduce oneself to 自我介绍by oneself = alone 独自 help oneself to 随便吃Unit 2一、clean up 打扫cheer up使高兴give/hand out 分发give away 捐赠volunteer to do sth自愿做某事come up with 提出；想出used to过去常常be used to doing sth.3 惯做某事put up 张贴；搭建；举起put of

12、f 推迟old people s home院care for 照顾at the age of 在 年纪时come true 实现try out 试用；试行try out for参加选拔(试演)be busy with sth.忙于某事be busy doing sth忙于做某事 take after与像fix up 维修disabled people 残疾人make a difference有影响，起作用 right away/at once立亥U, 马上 set up 建立，设立be similar to 与 相似the look of joy 快乐的表情help v./n. 帮助 help

13、ful adj. 有帮助的，热心的help sb. (to) do sth. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事with/under the helpof 在某人帮助下help oneself/sb. (to sth.)为自己、某人取用 Can I help you to some more salad?help sb. out 帮助某人摆脱困境He is always willing to help out.can t help doing sth.=can t help bBOoth做I can t help thinking that he knows more tha

14、n he has told us.sound/noise/voice 区另 Usound 指自然界中所有的声音，可悦耳也可噪音We heard a strange sound.noise 指喧闹、嘈杂声等Please stop making so much noise.voice 指人通过发音器官发出的声音(包括说话、唱歌等)I could hear voices in the next room.alone/lonely 区别alone=by oneself 单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩lonely 指人孤独、寂寞，强调主观感受；也可指某个地方偏僻，人迹罕至His grandp

15、arents live alone in a small house, but they don t feel lonely.such/so 区别suchadj. 修饰名词such a/an册容词+可数名词单数 such a cold day.such+除many/few外的形容词+可数名词复数 such cold days.such+除much/little外的形容词+不可数名词 such cold waterno/any/some/all/many等+such+名tThere is no such thing as a free lunch.so 程度副词 修饰形容词或副词so+形容词+a

16、/an+数名t单数 so cold a day.so+many/few+可数名词复数so many booksso+much/little+不可数名词so much money注意：后面接复数名词或不可数名词时，只能用 such,不能用so;但若复数名词或不可数名词前有 many, few, little, much修饰时，只能用so不能用such。achieve/come true 区别achieve 后接宾语，主语一般为人He had finally achieved e true 后不接宾语，主语一般是梦想，理想Finally, her dream came true.repair/fi

17、x/mend 区别repair 的对象范围广，强调受到损失或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。Who has repaired the broken leg of the table?fix强调把松散的部件固定结实，与repair无多大区别。Can you fix the broken chair?mend恢复某物原来的样子(包括用针、线缝补)，一般指较小之物.This shirt is too old to mend.imagine+n./Ving/pron.想象，设想She imagined earning much money.误以为， 猜测 He always imagines that w

18、e are talking about him behind his back.料想，认为 Can we still buy tickets for the concert? I imagine so.care for 照顾；喜欢take care of=look after 照顾care about 关心make a difference to 对产生影响It makes no difference to me. 这对我没有影响。One false step will make a great difference.失之毫厘谬以千里。satisfaction n. 满意 satisfy v.

19、 使满意 satisfied adj. 满意的to one s satisfactions人满意be satisfied to do sth对做某事感至 U满意 They are satisfied to solve the problem.be satisfied with sth. 对某事感到满意She s never satisfied with what she s got.Unit 3一、make one s bed!床铺 stay out late在外待到很晚 get a ride 搭车help out with帮助解决 finish doing sth.完成做某事 any min

20、ute now 随时 throw down 扔下 come over 过来 as soon a就 asas 和样 in surprise 惊讶地 in order to do sth.为了be satisfied +that从旬I m satisfied that they are telling the truth.a waste of time浪费时间mind doing sth.介意做某事do one psart in （doing） sth. 尽某人职责=play a role in.as a result结果是 fall ill 病倒the earlier the better早越好

21、be unfair for sb. 对某人不公平have no idea 不知道give sb. a ride to 开车送某人到 under the stress/pressure f 压力下 be careful with 小心对待take取，拿 Please take some books to the classroom.吃，喝，服用 take some medicine乘车，船等We can take the train to Beijing.花费 （时间，金钱） It took me 2 hours to finish the blem 客观存在待解决的问题， 侧重

22、困难 solve problems/solutions to problems question 因存疑而提出的问题，侧重疑惑answer questions/answers to questionsneither adv. 也不（句子部分倒装） =norI don t like the new teacher不喜欢新来的老师Neither/Nor do I.我也是。neithernor 既不也不（谓语动词就近原则）Neither Sarah nor I am tired. neither 两个都不Either.or.要么 .要么 .borrow sb. sth.=borrow sth. fr

23、om sb. 向某人借某物（借入）He always borrows money from his friends without paying back.lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物（借出） Can you lend me your book for a moment?5.workwork on 正在使用，从事于 . My father has been working on a company. work out 计算；制定出 Do you work out a plan for this travel?机器等正常运转；有效The medicin

24、e doesn t work for me.spend/pay/cost/take 区别spend-spent-spent花费，主语是人 sb. spend+寸问/钱+on sth.在某事上花费 sb. spend+寸问/钱+（in/on） doing sth.He spends too much time on /in playing the computer games. pay-paid-paid 支付，主语是人sb. pay +钱 +for sth.paid 30 yuan for the book.cost-cost-cost花费，主语是某物或某事sth. cost sb.彼The

25、new computer cost me a lot of money.take-took-taken 花费 It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间It took me 3 hours to do my vide 提供；供给provide sth. for sb.=provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物offer 侧重愿意给予supply 定期供应，侧重补充所需物品 supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sbdepend on信赖；依靠 dependent依

26、靠的，依赖的 independent独立的 He is the sort of person you can depend on他这个人你是可以信赖的。I don t want to depend too much on my parents想过度依靠父母。It all depends.= That depend靓情况而定since因为，由于Since we don t have money, we cannot afford a house.自 以后 /以来 It has been two years since we meet last time.as a result 结果，后果He m

27、ade a big mistake, and, as a result, lost his job.as a result of 由于，因为He lost his job as a result of making a big mistake.result in 导致，造成The earthquake has resulted in great damage.there is no need for sb. to do sth对某人来说做某事没有必要the minute/moment/instant=as soon as就.（在句中作状语，相当于连词） The minute he got ho

28、me, it began to rain.waste 浪费n. a waste of time/moneyv. waste time/money on sth.can和could区别：can表示一般性请求，语气较随便；could语气更委婉Can you tell us the news, Tony?Could you please pass the salt to me?有礼貌的提出请求的句型：Could you （please）包词原形？请你（做）好吗？Could you （please） not包词原形？请你不要（做）好吗？Unit 4一、hang out with sb与某人闲逛 get

29、 into a fight with sb.与某人争吵 have a fight with sb.与某人争吵 call sb. (up)给某人打电话 on the phone在电话中 look through 快速查看，浏览 give back 归还 big deal 重大的事 thanks for为而感谢take after-school classe第力口课后辅导班 be crazy about 对着迷、 热衷work out 解决get on with sb.与某人相处feel lonely 感到孤单communicate with sb.与某人交流 be afraid of 害怕 no

30、t anymore冉cut out 删除compare- - with 与 比较 in one s opinionr 看until midnight 直到午夜allowallow doing sth. 允许做某事We don t allow smoking in our house.allow sb. (not) to do sth. (不)允许某人做某事My parents don t allow me to stay up late./ Mr. Smith allows Mike to drive there.be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事Children are

31、n t allowed to play in water.与 let 区别： let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事( let 不能用于被动语态)find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事Mr. Smith found his daughter reading a love story book in room. 类似动词：feel/hear/watch/se*look into sth. 调查，审查look down on sb./sth. 蔑视，瞧不起 look sb. up and down 上下仔细打量，挑 剔地审视某人looklook through sth.

32、快速查看，浏览look up from sth. 抬头往上看look sb. up 拜访，看望look sth. up 查阅 （词典、 参考书、 电脑等）look sth. over 查看，检查hope/wishhope to do sth. I hope to visit the USA someday.hope+that 从句（表示希望） I hope you will be better soon.wish （sb.） to do sth. I wish you to go.wish+that 从句（表示希望,从句用虚拟语气）I wish I were you.get on/along

33、with sb. （与某人）和睦相处，关系良好She s never really get on/along with her sister.get on/along with sth. （工作）进展，进步；继续做某事I m not getting on very fast with this job./ Be quiet and get on with your work. get on/along （某人）进展，进步 He is getting on very well at school.whatever pron. 任何，无论什么 =no matter whatWhatever I s

34、uggest, he always disagrees.论我提什么建议，他都不同意。no matter+S问词结构和疑问词+ever在用法上区别：前者只能引导让步状语从 句，后者还可引导名词性从句。No matter where he may be= （Wherever he may be）, he will be happy. 由no matter what/who/where/when 引导的从句一般后一般现在时或一般过去 时。offer v. 主动提出；自愿给与offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 He offered to help the diabled.offer sb

35、. sth.=offer sth. to sb.主动提出给某人某物She offered me a cup of coffee=She offered a cup of coffee to me.explain v. 解释，说明 explanation n.explain sth. to sb.=explain sb. sth. 向某人解释某事Can you explain it to me?explain+that/what/why 等从句 She explained why she wants to cry.be afraid of sb./（doing） sth. 害怕某人/（做）某事b

36、e afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事be afraid +that 从旬compete v. 竞争，对抗competition n. 竞争，比赛competitor 竞争对手compete with/against sb. （for sth.）与某人竞争 Several companies are competing for the contract.We can t compete with them on price.successfuladj. 成功的 success n. 成功 succeed v. 成功；继任，随后出现succeed in （doing） sth. 实现

37、目标，有成就He succeeded in getting a place in art school.Who succeeded Kennedy as president?It is time for sth./to do sth. 是到做某事的时候了It is time for lunch./ It is time to go to parecompare A with B 将 A 与 B 作比较We carefully compared the first report with the second pare A to B 将 A 比作 BThe critics compared hi

38、s work to that of Mark Twain。14.It is + adj. (easy/difficult/important/necessary)+(fOSb)MdO sth.事物特征 It is important for us to make everyday plan.It is + adj. (kind/honest/friendly)+(of stfl)卷 idosh人的性格、品质与特点 It is kind of you to help us.15.instead 和 instead of 区别instead意为汰替”替代”作副词用，通常位于旬尾.如位于旬首时常用逗

39、号隔开.she didnt answer me. Instead,she asked me another question.instead of 是介宾短语,其意与 instead 相同 ,不同之处在于它后面常接宾语,起宾语多由名词、代词、介词、短语、动词 + ing 形式充当 .Well ask Li Mei instead of Mary.He asked me another question instead of answering me.16. until 直到 .为止 Let s wait until the rain stops.not.until 直到 .才 We didn

40、t leave until the rain stopped.三、 提建议的句型：What/How about doing sth.? 怎么样？Why don t you do sth.?=Why not do sth.为什么不呢?Let s do st社我们一起做某事吧。Shall we/I do sth?我们做好吗？had better do / not do sth.最好做 /不做某事W川/Would you please do sth.?请你做好吗？Would you like to do sth.? 你想去做某事吗？Would you mind doing sth.? 你介意做某事吗

41、？Unit 5一、wait for 等待go off （闹钟）发出响声wake up 醒来；叫醒fall asleep 进入梦乡pick up 接电话；获得 获得have fun 玩得开心die down 逐渐变弱in a mass 凌乱不堪，乱七八糟turn on/off 打开 /关掉turn up/down 调大 /小声音 point out 指出 as well 也go away 离开go over 复习tell the truth 说实话in silence 沉默 keep silent 保持沉默 make sure 确保take a shower 淋浴take down 拆除；记录a

42、t the time of 在的时候make one way to 费力前进（后接地点）miss错过（后接名词、代词、Ving） I missed the train for Shanghai this morning.想念 Sarah missed her friends in her hometown very much.Miss 小姐，女生Miss Li is our English teacher.so做副词 so+adj./adv. 如此” The movie is so scary.So+adj./adv.+that从何 如此以至于 ”He ran so fast that no

43、one can catch up with him.做连词 so+从旬所以 ” She got up late yesterday, so she was late for work.so that+从何以便，为了 I fixed the TV so that we can watch it now.pick up接电话 I called my mother yesterday, but she didn t pick up.捡起，拾起The kid picked up a wallet on his way to school.（开车）接某人Tom s parents pick up him

44、 after school every day.学到，获得Traveling is good for people to pick up local language.also, too, as well, either 区别also用在肯定旬旬中，实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后Catherine can dance, I can also dance.too 用在肯定句句尾，用逗号隔开Catherine can dance. I can dance, too.as well 用在，Catherine can dance. I can dance as well.either 通常

45、放于否定句句尾 Catherine can t dance. I can t either.strange adj. 奇怪的 strangely adv. 奇怪地 stranger n. 陌生人 奇怪的 It is strange that the couple quarrels with each other every day. 陌生的 be strange to 对感到陌生 She is strange to the new school.with+n.+adj./adv. 在句中做伴随状语She can see many stars in the dark sky with the w

46、indows open.feel like doing sth.=would like to do sth.=want to do sth. 想要做某事When summer holiday comes, many students feel like traveling around.report v. 报道 reporter n. 记者make/give a report 作报告 weather report 天气预报It s reported thatJ艮道It s reported that huge damages were caused in thisearthquake.sure

47、make sure 保证，确保Please make sure that you can come here on time.be sure of/about sth.确信，对 有把握 He is sure of success.be sure to do sth.一定（表推测） He is sure to succeed.be sure+ thatM旬确信，一定会 He is sure that he will succeed.work n.工作（不可数） He always has too much homework to do.著作，作品（可数，多用复数） Children are en

48、couraged to read works.工厂（只用复数形式，但可表示单数意义） The glass works is near the station.against反对（反义词是for ） Are you for or against the plan.靠着，顶着（表位置） The teacher s desk is against the wall.We are sailing against the wind.碰，撞，擦Rain beats against the window.asleep/sleeping/sleepyOUasleep 睡着的，作表语fall asleep It

49、 s hard to fall asleep sometimes.sleeping 熟睡的，作定语/表语a sleeping babysleepy 困倦的，想睡的 Tom worked for a long time. He felt sleepy.rise/raiserise-rose 升起，上升（主语自身移向更高位置） Price rose gradually.raise 举起，提高（主语发出的动作作用于其他事物）Let s raise our glasses to Tim.the rest of剩余的（做主语时，谓语动词与其所修饰的名词保持一致）The rest of meat goes

50、 bad.剩下的肉变质了。The rest of workers are still working hard.take/have a rest 休息hearhear sb. to do sth.听见某人做某事hear sb. doing sth.听见某人正在做某事hear about/of 听说（后接名词或短语） I have heard about the story before.hear from 收到的来信/消息 She haven t heard from her mother for months.beat 和 win 区别beat-beat-beat 打败（如某人或某个团队）I

51、 finally beat her in the match.win-won-won 取得胜利，赢得（如游戏，比赛，战争，财产，名誉，奖金Mary won the first place in the competition.She won herself the friendship of her classmates quickly.Beat “打，击” Who is beating the drum?“（心脏）等跳动” I feel my heart is beating fast.realize 意识到realize+n. She didn t realize her mistakes

52、.Realize+that 从句 She didn t realize that she had made some mistakes.18. silence n. 沉默 silentin silence =silently 沉默地adj.沉默的keep silent 保持沉默过去进行时用法：表示过去某个/某段时间正在发生的动作He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上 6 点他正在做饭。I was staying here from March to June last year.去年 3-6 年我一直待在这。构成：was/were+动词现在分词四个基本句型

53、肯定句：主语+was/were+及物动词现在分词+其他He was cooking at six last night.否定句：主语+wasn t/weren及t+动词现在分词+其他He was not cooking at six last night.一般疑问句：Was/Were仓语+及物动词现在分词+其他？Was he cooking at six last night? Yes, he was./ No, he wasn t. 特殊疑问旬：What was/were+i语+及物动词现在分词+其他？What was he doing at six last night?常见时间状语： a

54、t that time=then, at this time yesterday, the whole morning, at nine last night, at the time of.和由.while 引导的时间状语从句Unit 6:一、as soon as 一.就.a little bit 有点；稍微instead of 代替；反而turn . into 变成once upon a time 从前fall in love with 爱上； 喜欢上 get married 结婚take away 拿走for the first time 首次；第一次come out 出来；出版wake

55、 up 醒来lead sb. to .带领某人去 work on 从事 （某工作 ）；致力于give up 放弃keep doing sth. 坚持做某事in fact 事实上be interested in sth. 对某事感兴趣make a plan 做计划a good way to do sth故某事的好方法get lost 迷路begin-beganM去式）-begun（ti去分词） 开始 v.beginning n. at the beginning of 在 .的开始Eg: at the beginning of the New Year 新年伊始begin doing/to do

56、 sth. 开始做某事Eg: Many people begin to study hard at the beginning of the New Year.tell/speak/talk/say 区别告诉某人用tell,例如：tell sb sth./to do sth. 告诉某人某事/做某事； tell truth/tell a lie 说真话/说谎tell the time 报时； tell stories 讲故事tell A from B 区别 A 和 B会说某种语言用speak例如：speak Chinese/English; speak to sb.与某人交谈用 talk, 例如

57、：talk to/with sb. ； talk about/of sth.give a talk 作报告； have a talk 听报告强调说的内容用say例如：say it in English 用英语说； it is said that 据说 .It is said that he could stay under water for a long time.continue to do sth. = go on to do sth.继续做某事（前后不同的事）After finishing his homework, he continued to read English magaz

58、ines. continue doing sth. = go on doing sth18续做某事（前后同一件事） After taking a rest, he continue doing his homework.4. work on sth.忙于/从事某事 work for sth. 为 .工作 work as. 作为.工作work out 解决，算出He is working on a new project.He works for a foreign company.She worked as an actress when she was young. I worked out

59、 the math problem.remind v. 提醒；使想起= make sb. rememberremind sb. of/about sth. 使某人想起某事That picture reminds Mary of herchildhood.remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事Please remind me to call my fathertoday.remind sb+that 从旬 Passengers are reminded that no smoking is allowed on the train.seem v. 似乎，好像seem to be + adj. 说明主语的特征或状态Mr Green seemed to be quiteexcited yesterday.It seems +that 从旬It seems that she will never forgive him again.show v. showed （过去式）-shown （过去分词）给看；表明；展示on display=on show展览，展出 talk show 脱口秀show sb. around 带某人参观show off 炫耀instead of 代替，反而（介词）； instea