it做形式主语用法大全含练习及标准答案

1、 /17It作形式主语常见句型动词不定式，动名词或主语从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语动词前，而用it作形式主语，放到句首，常见句型有：1.It+be+形容词+主语从句，如：ItisuncertainwhetherhecancometoJennysbirthdaypartyornot.It+be+名词词组+主语从句，这类名词有：afact,apity,ashame,anhonour,aquestion等，如：Itsapitythatyoumissedtheexcitingfootballmatch.Itremainsaquestionwhetherhewillcomeornot.It+be+过

2、去分词+主语从句，这类过去分词有：announced,believed,expected,hoped,decided,reported,said,shown等，如：Itisreportedthat16peoplewerekilledintheearthquake.Itisnotdecidedwhowillgivetheoperationtothepatient.It+不及物动词(seem,appear,happen等)+主语从句，这类不及物动词有：appear,happen,seem等，如：Itseemedthathedidnttellthetruth.IthappenedthatIwasou

3、twhenhecalled.It+be+形容词+forsb.)+动词不定式这类句型常用形容词easy,difficult,hard,important,possible，wise等作表语，有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常在不定式前加forsb,如：Itsnecessaryfortheyoungtomastertwoforeignlanguage.Itisunwisetogivethechildrenwhatevertheywant.这类形容词有：easy,difficult,hard,important,possible，wiseIt+be+形容词+ofsb.+动词不定式，这类形容词常是表

4、示心理品质,性格特征的形容词，如:kind,nicestupid,clever,foolish,polite,impolite,silly,selfish,considerate等o某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。如：Itsverykindofyoutohelpmewiththework.=Youarekindtohelpme.Itseemedselfishofhimnottosharehisdictionarywithothers.=Heseemedselfishnottosharehisdictionarywithothers.It+be+名词词组+动词不定式，如：Itisnotago

5、odhabittostayuptoolate.It+be+名词或形容词+动名词，这类名词和形容词常常是：good,nogood,nouse,awasteof,useless,senseless等，如：Itsawasteoftimetalkingtoheranymore.Itisnousearguingaboutthematterwithhim.It+take(sb.)+时间(金钱)+动词不定式，如：Ittooktheworkersalmostthreeyearstofinishbuildingthedam.Itwilltakeawholedaytogettothetopofthemountai

6、nonfoot.实战演练：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants.(NMET1997)A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wheneverInfactisahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch.(2001上海)A.thisB.thatC.thereD.itisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.（NMET1995）A.ThereB.ThisC.Th

7、atD.ItIsnecessarytotakeoffourshoeswhenweenterthelab?（MET88）A.everyoneB.thisC.herD.itwilltakeyoualotoftimetofindhiminthecrowd.A.ItB.IC.WeD.TheyItisnousehisthere,thesituationishopelessnow.A.togoB.tobegoingC.goingD.havinggoneItisnevertoolatetolearn,?A.isitB.isntitC.doesitD.doesntitisknowntoallthatShenz

8、houVILaunchedSuccessfully.A.AsB.WhatC.ItD.Thatisreportedinthenewspaper,theEarthquakeineastChinasJiangxiProvincekilled13peopleA.ItB.AsC.ThatD.Whatcertainthathisinventionwillmakepeopleslifeconvenient.A.ThatsB.ThisisC.ItsD.Whatsthatthereisanotherfootballmatchontheairthisevening.A.ItsaysB.ItwassaidC.Iti

9、ssaidD.Whatwassaidthattheirdaughtergotanopportunitytostudyabroad.A.ItsaexcitingnewsB.ThisisanexcitingnewsC.ThisisexitingnewsD.Itsexcitingnews参考答案：15BDDDA610CACAC1112CDit作形式主语：it作形式主语时没有具体的意义，而只是帮助把真正的主语移到句子后部去，使句子显得平稳一些。it作形式主语时，可以代替三种形式：不定式、动名词和主语从句。1.it代替不定式短语常用于下列句型中：It+be+形容词+（for/ofsb.）todosth.

10、It+be+名词+todosth.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.干花了某人时间Itsuptosb.todosth.干是某人的职责或义务Itiseveryonesdutytoobeythelaw.遵守法律是每个人的义务。（it作形式主语，代替不定式短语toobeythelaw）ItisdifficultforaforeignertolearnChinese.对于一个外国人来说，学习汉语是困难的。（it作形式主语，代替不定式短语tolearnChinese）Itisnotrighttousetheseplacesasrubbishdumps.把这些地方用来倒垃圾是不对的。（i

11、t作形式主语，代替不定式短语tousetheseplacesasrubbishdumps）Ittookthemayeartobuildthebridge.建这座桥花了他们一年的时间。（it作形式主语，代替不定式短语tobuildthebridge）Itbe+形容词+forsb.todosth.与Itbe+形容词+ofsb.todosth.：如果句型中的形容词描述的是sb.的品质、品格，在逻辑上可以作sb.的表语，则sb.前应用介词of,否则就用for。Itsnecessaryforustouseashort-waveradiotopickuptheprogrammes.我们用一台短波收音机收听

12、这些节目是必要的。Itskindofyoutohelpme.感谢你对我的帮助。（=Youarekindtohelpme.）Itwasfoolishofhimtogiveupthejob.他放弃那工作是愚蠢的。（=Hewasfoolishtogiveupthejob2.it代替动名词短语：动名词作主语用后置形式的情况远不及不定式那么普遍，常限于nogood,nouse,useless,waste等词的后面。Itisnogood/usehavingacarifyoucantdrive.如果你不会开车，有车也没用。（it作形式主语，代替动名词短语havingacar）Itisawasteoftime

13、watchingTV.看电视是浪费时间。（it作形式主语，代替动名词短语watchingTV）Itisnouseaskinghim.问他没有用。（it作形式主语，代替动名词短语askinghim）3.it代替主语从句：这个主语从句可以用连词that引导，也可以用连接代词或连接副词引导。Itwasclearthattheyhadnodesireforpeace.很清楚他们没有和平的诚意。（it作形式主语,代替主语从句thattheyhadnodesireforpeace）Itisdoubtfulwhethershewillbeabletocome.她能否来还很难说。（it作形式主语,代替主语从句

14、whethershewillbeabletocome）Itwasclearenoughwhatshemeant.她的意思是够清楚的。（it作形式主语,代替主语从句whatshemeant）用it作形式主语，把真正的主语从句移至后面的常见句型有：Itisapity/ashame/afact/anhonour/goodnews/nowonder/awonder.that.Itwasapitythattheengineercouldntcome.可惜工程师没能够来。Itisawonderthathecontinuestogamblewhenhealwaysloses!令人惊讶的是他一直输还一直赌。I

15、tis+形容词（如：strange/natural/surprising/obvious/true/fortunate/wonderful/funny/possible/impossible/likely/unlikely/clear/unusual/certain/important.）that.Itiscertainthathewillwin.他一定会取胜。Itseems/happened/turnedout/suddenlystruckme/occurredtome.that.IthappenedthatIwasnttherethatday.恰好那天我不在那里。It+be+过去分词（如：

16、said/reported/announced/decided/expected/hoped/known/believed.）that.Itissaidthatnothinghasbeendoneaboutit.据说至今对此没采取任何措施。Itisreportedthatmorethantwentypeoplewerekilledinthatbusaccident.据报道在那次的公共汽车事故中有二十多人丧生。*注意要在Itissuggested/required/desired/ordered/proposed.that.的主语从句中用虚拟语气：（should）+动词原形Itisrequest

17、edthathegiveaperformanceattheparty.有人请求他在聚会上表演一个节目。Itissuggestedthatweshouldgeteverythingreadybytonight.建议一切在今晚准备好。Itdoesntmatter+连接代词或副词Itdoesntmaketoomuchdifference+连接代词或副词Itdoesntmatterwhetherhecomesornot.他来还是不来都没关系。Itwontmakemuchdifferencewhetheryougotodayortomorrow.你今天去也好，明天去也好，关系不大。it作形式宾语：it作

18、形式宾语时，可以代替三种形式：不定式、动名词和宾语从句。it作形式宾语时，需具备两个条件：真正的宾语是不定式、动名词或从句有宾语补足语具备了这两个条件，形式宾语it一定要用。it代替不定式短语think/find/feel/consider/make/regard.+it+形容词/名词+不定式短语Ifinditpleasanttoworkwithhim.（it作形式宾语，代替不定式短语toworkwithhim）我觉得和他一起工作很愉快。Theyfeltitdifficulttofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.（it作形式宾语，代替不定式短语tofinishthew

19、orkinsuchashorttime）他们认为在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是困难的。Allthesenoisesmadeitimpossibleformetogoonwiththework.（it作形式宾语，代替不定式短语togoonwiththework）这些噪音使我无法继续工作。it代替动名词短语（这只限于少数句型，在多数情况下用不定式时更多一些）Theprofessorconsidersitnogoodreadingwithoutunderstanding.这位教授认为阅读而不理解没有益处。Hefoundituseless（nouse）arguingwithhim.他发现和他辩论没有用

20、。Hethoughtitabsolutelysenselessattemptingtheimpossible.想做不可能的事情，他认为是完全没道理的。3.it代替宾语从句：Weallthoughtitapitythattheconferenceshouldhavebeencancelled.会议取消了我们都感到很遗憾。Itookitforgrantedthattheywerenotcoming.我想他们准是不会来的了。Illseetoitthateverythingisreadyintime.我负责使一切都按时准备好。含it的常用句型英语中有一些固定句型中含有it,应注意这些句型的使用。1It

21、be+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分ImetPeterinJapanlastyear.ItwasIwho/thatmetPeterinJapanlastyear.ItwasPeterwhom/thatImetinJapanlastyear.ItwasinJapanthatImetPeterlastyear.ItwaslastyearthatImetPeterinJapan.not.until也可用于强调句型例1MrBrowndidntcomebackuntilelevenoclock.可变为：ItwasnotuntilelevenoclockthatMrBrowncameback.强调

22、句也可变为特殊疑问句例1Itwasin1949thatthePRCwasfounded.可变为：WhenwasitthatthePRCwasfounded?Its+地点状语+that.（强调句）Its+地点名词+where.（定语从句）ItisthetownwhereIwasborn.（thetown为地点名词，定语从句）这是我出生的镇子。ItwasinthetownthatIwasborn.（inthetown为地点状语，强调句型）我出生在这个镇子。Its+时间名词+when.（时间状语从句）Its+时间状语+that.（强调句）Itwasat8oclockthathereturned.（a

23、t8oclock是时间状语，强调句）他是在八点钟回来的。Itwas8oclockwhenhereturned.oclock是时间名词，时间状语从句）他回来的时候是八点钟。ifitisconvenienttoyou如果你方便的话Ifitisconvenienttoyou,youcanstarttomorrow.如果方便的话，你明天可以动身。believeitornot信不信由你Believeitornot,Illgoabroadnextmonth.不管你信还是不信，我下个月要出国。Itstimethat.did/shoulddo.（定语从句）ItistimethatIwentandpickedu

24、pmydaughterfromschool.我该去学校接我女儿放学了。Itshightimethatwestopped/shouldstopthispractice我们的确该停止这种做法了。Itis/hasbeen.since.did.（时间状语从句）Itisjustaweeksincewearrivedhere.我们来这里已一星期了。8.Itwontbe.before.用不了（多长时间）就会Itwasnt.before.没过（多长时间）就.Itwillbealongtimebeforewefinishthetask我们还需要很长时间才能完成这项任务。Itwasntlongbeforehele

25、arnedtousethecomputer不久他就学会使用计算机了。易混用其他句型英语中有一些句型不含it,但却易被误用了it,常见的有以下句型：Thereissomething/nothingwrong/thematterwithsb./sth.Thereisnothingwrong/thematterwithhim.Hesjustpretending.他没什么事，他只是在装呢。2Thereisnodoubtabout.对.毫不怀疑Thereisnodoubtthat.对.毫不怀疑Thereisnodoubtabouthissuitabilityforthejob毫无疑问，他适合这个工作。T

26、hereisnodoubtthatheishardtodealwith.毫无置疑他很难对付。Thereisnoneed（forsb.）todosth.没必要.TherewasnoneedforhimtoremaininParis.他没有必要继续留在巴黎。Thereisno/apossibilitythat.没可能/有可能Thereisapossibilitythatthetrainmaybelate可能火车要晚点。Thereisnopossibilitythatwellseehimthisweekend.我们本周末不可能见到他。Thereisachancethat可能.Thereisachan

27、cethatthesickchildwillgetwell这个生病的孩子可能会好起来的。Therebeno/somedifferencesbetween.and和.之间没/有区另UTherearesomedifferencesbetweenthetwolanguages这两种语言之间有些区别。Afterwhatseemed+时间Afterwhatseemedaverylongtime,thewoundedsoldiercamebacktolife.在经过似乎很长的一段时间之后，那个受伤的士兵苏醒了过来。Therebedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.干有困难Ther

28、ewasnodifficultyinfindinghim.找到他没费什么事。三.形式主语、形式宾语专项练习Itseasierthan.A.say,doB.tosay,todoC.says,doesD.saying,doingIttakesme30minutestoschoolbybikeeveryday.A.goingB.togoC.goesD.goItsnoteasyusaforeignlanguage.A.for;learningB.of;learningC.of;tolearnD.for;tolearnChildrenfind_interestingtoplaycomputergames

29、.A.thatB.whichC.itD.itsDoyouthinkitimportantcomputerwell?A.playB.playsC.toplayD.playingIsnecessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?A.thisB.thatC.itD.heIdontthinkpossibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A.thisB.thatC.itsD.itDoesmatterifhecantfinishthejobontime?A.thisB.thatC.heD.itTom

30、smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,butdidnthelp.A.heB.whichC.sheD.itisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.ItIhatewhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.theseD.themIlikeintheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.onehappenedhei

31、sunfitfortheoffice.A.This;thatB.That;thatC.It;thatD.He;thatWetookforgrantedthattheywouldacceptouradvice.A.thatB.thisC.itD.themthatthescientistwillgiveusatalknextmonth?A.IstrueB.IsittrueC.ItstrueD.Itstrulydoesntmattermuchdressyouaregoingtowear.A.This;thatB.That;whoC.It;whichD.It;whoisgoingtoAmericafo

32、rfurtherstudy.A.HeissaidthatB.PeoplesaidthatheC.ItwassaidheD.ItissaidthatheTheyaregoodfriends.isnowonderthattheyknoweachothersowell.A.ThisB.ThatC.ThereD.ItIspossibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?A.thisB.thereC.thatD.itShelikedwhenhekissedher.A.himB.thatC.oneD.itwilldoyougoodtodosomeexerciseeverymorning

33、.A.ItB.ThereC.ThoseD.OneWethinkourdutytopaytaxestoourgovernment.A.thatB.thisC.itsD.itIdappreciateifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.itC.thisD.you.-WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?-hernewbicycle.A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing25.Ourmonitorsuggestedadiscussionofthissubject.A.t

34、ohaveB.shouldhaveC.haveD.having26.Itsverykindyoume.A.for,helpingB.of,helpC.for,tohelpD.of,tohelp27Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?-Oh,excellent.Itsworthasecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingreadItsnouseforwardtofromhersoon.A.tolook;tohearB.looking;hearingC.looking;hearD.look;hearIttooktheworkmenonly

35、twohourstofinishmycar.A.repairingB.repairC.torepairD.repairedcleanisasafeguardagainstdisease.A.TobekeepingB.KeptC.KeepD.Keeping参考答案15BBDCC610CDDDD1115ACCCB1620CDDDD2125ADBCD2630DCBADIt”作形式主语和宾语It作形式主语和形式宾语用法，是中学阶段英语学习的主要语法项目之一。纵观历届高考题，无论是单项选择，还是完行填空，it用法始终是反复考查的重、热点之一。现将it在特殊句型中作形式主语和形式宾语用法，进行如下归纳分析

36、，以供学习参考。一、It用作形式主语当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。e.g.Itiswrongtotellalie.（说谎是错误的。）It为totellalie的形式主语Itisnousearguingaboutit.（争吵是没用的。）It为arguingaboutit的形式主语Itisuncertainwhowillcome.（谁要来还不确定。）It为whowillcome的形式主语It作形式主语的常见句型：It+be+形容词+tod

37、osth./doing/that.e.g.Itisveryimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.（学一门外语非常重要。）Itisuselesscryingoverthespiltmilk.（覆水难收。）Itwasreallysurprisingthatshemarriedamanlikethat.（她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。）It+be+名词词组+doing/that.e.g.Itisnogoodtellinglies.（撒谎没好处。）Itisapitythatyoudidntgotoseethefilmyesterday.（你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。）Itis

38、atruththattherewouldbenonewChinawithouttheCommunistParty.（没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸质疑的。）It+be+过去分词+that.该句型常见动词有：say,hope,think,suppose,expect,report,know,believe,decide,etc.e.g.Itissaidthattheyhaveinventedanewtypeofcomputer.（据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。）ItisbelievedthatChinawillbecomeoneofthestrongestcountriesintheworld.

39、（大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。）Itwasreportedthatmorethan170thousandpeoplediedinthe2004tsunami.（据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。）It+seems/appears/happens等不及物动词+thate.g.Itseemsthatheenjoyspopsongsverymuch.（似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。）ItappearsthatTommightchangehismind.（看来汤姆可能会改变主意。）若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。e.g.Doesitmattermuchthattheywon

40、tcometomorrow?（他们明天不来很重要吗？）Isittruethathewillgoabroadnextweek?（他下周出国是真的吗？）It+takes+（sb.）+sometime+todosth.这是一个表示“（某人）花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式（todosth.）,句型中的sb.也可以省略。e.g.Ittookmesometimetoreadthereadingmaterials.（我花了一些时间才读完那段阅读材料。）IttookhimfourteenhourstogotoNewZealandfromShanghaibyplane.（从上海乘

41、飞机去新西兰花了他14小时。）HowlongdoesittakeyoutogotoBeijingfromQingdaobytrain?（从青岛坐火车到北京一般要花多久时间？）Iamnotsure,butIthinkittakesatleastninehourstogetthere.（我不能肯定，但估计至少要九个钟头才能到那儿。）二、It用作形式宾语当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。下列四种情况须用it作形式宾语：当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或

42、从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时（如think,make,find,consider,feel,suppose等）；e.g.TheyfounditpleasantthattheyworkedwithusChinese.（他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。）IdontfeelitdifficulttounderstandtheSpecialEnglish.（我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。）Hemakesitarulenevertoborrowmoney.（他立志决不向别人借钱。）Ithinkitnoneedtalkingaboutitwiththem.（我认为没必要跟他们谈。）某些表示“

43、喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如1ike,enjoy,love,hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句；e.g.Idontlikeitthathessolazy.（我不喜欢他那么懒惰。）Ihateitwhenmymotherasksmetoeateggs.（我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。）that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语；e.g.Youmaydependonitthatweshallalwayshelpyou.(尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。)Wouldyouseetoitthatshegetshomeearly?(你负责保证她早到家，好吗？)Heinsistedonitthathewasinnocen

44、t.(他坚持说自己是无辜的。)由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it。e.g.Ileaveittoyourownjudgementwhetheryoushoulddoit.(我让你自己判断这事是否该做。)Weoweittoyouthattherewasntaseriousaccident.(多亏了你才没有发生严重事故。)试比较下列高考题，选出最佳答案：IsnecessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?(MET89)A.thisB.thatC.itD.heIdontthinkpossibletomasterafore

45、ignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.(MET90)A.thisB.thatC.itsD.itDoesmatterifhecantfinishthejobontime?(MET91)A.thisB.thatC.heD.itTomsmotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,butdidnthelp.(MET93)A.heB.whichC.sheD.itisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(MET95)A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.I

46、tIhatewhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.(MET98)A.itB.thatC.theseD.themDontthatallthosewhogetgoodgradesintheentranceexaminationwillprovetobethemostsuccessful.(上海98)A.takeasgrantedB.takethisforgrantedC.takethatforgrantedD.takeitforgrantedIlikeintheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(MET2004)A.thisB.

47、thatC.itD.one模拟练习：happenedheisunfitfortheoffice.A.This;thatB.That;thatC.It;thatD.He;thatWetookforgrantedthattheywouldacceptouradvice.A.thatB.thisC.itD.themthatthescientistwillgiveusatalknextmonth?A.IstrueB.IsittrueC.ItstrueD.Itstrulydoesntmattermuchdressyouaregoingtowear.A.This;thatB.That;whoC.It;wh

48、ichD.It;who5.isgoingtoAmericaforfurtherstudy.A.HeissaidthatB.PeoplesaidthatheC.ItwassaidheD.Itissaidthathe6.Theyaregoodfriends.isnowonderthattheyknoweachothersowell.A.ThisB.ThatC.ThereD.ItIspossibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?A.thisB.thereC.thatD.itShelikedwhenhekissedher.A.himB.thatC.oneD.itwilldoyo

49、ugoodtodosomeexerciseeverymorning.A.ItB.ThereC.ThoseD.OneWethinkourdutytopaytaxestoourgovernment.A.thatB.thisC.itsD.itKey:高考真题:1-8CDDDDADC模拟练习:1-5CCBCD6-10DDDAD一、作为正确项的it1.Ilikeintheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(2004,全国卷I)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one2.Ihatewhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.(NMET199

50、8)A.itB.thatC.theseD.them【解析】在Ilike/love/hateitwhen.这个结构中,it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是when从句所描述的某种情形。句意分别是：1.我喜欢秋天晴朗的天气。2.我讨厌人们一边吃饭一边说话。又如:lhateitwhenIhavetospeakinFrenchonthephone.有时非得用法语去打电话,我真感到讨厌。值得注意的是,这种情况与我们所熟悉的it作形式宾语的复合结构是不同的,因为在它之后没有形容词或名词作宾语补足语。如:Ithoughtitstrangethatshehadntw她没有写信，我感到很奇怪。TheForeignMin

51、istersaid,“ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”(2004,北京卷)A.ThisisB.ThereisC.ThatisD.ItisisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(NMET1995)A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It【解析】it作形式主语,that从句作真正主语，常见的句型有：It+be+形容词(obvious,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain

52、,probable,etc.)+that从句It+be+名词词组(nowonder,anhonor,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc.)+that从句It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句Doyoulikehere?Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.(2004,全国卷II)A.thisB.theseC.thatD.it【解析】it可以指代“未指明,但谈话双方心里都

53、明白的那件事或那种情况”，在本题情景中it指“这儿的情况(thesituationhere)。又如：Icantstandit(=thissituation)anylonger!我再也不能忍受这种情况了!Howsit(=yourlife,work,etc.)going?近况如何？Theworstofitisthatwellhavetogettherepairsdoneagain.最糟糕的是我们还得再次修理。IfitsconvenientIcanseeyoutomorrow.要是方便的话，我明天可以见你。TheParkersboughtanewhousebutwillneedalotofworkb

54、eforetheycanmovein.(NMET2001)A.theyB.itC.oneD.which【解析】it可以指“已知的或暗含的事实或情况”,在此指“买房之后的情况”。又如:Shewasfrightened,buttriednottoshowit.她非常恐惧,但竭力没有表现出来。BillsaimistoinformtheviewersthatcigaretteadvertisingonTVisillegal,?(2004,上海卷)A.isntitB.isitC.isntheD.ishe【解析】答案为Aoit指代Billsaim。二、作为干扰项的it(一)it对替代词one的干扰Wene

55、ededanewcupboardforthekitchen.SoPetermadefromsomewoodwehad.(2004全国卷III)A.itB.oneC.himselfD.anotherMeetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,Iwillalwaystreasure.(NMET2002)A.thatB.oneC.itD.what【解析】第8、9题都选B。第8题中的one指代“anewcupboard。第9题里的one(=amoment)作anunforgettablemoment的同位语，它的后面是一个省略了th

56、at的定语从句。对比下句中it的用法:Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,andIwillalwaystreasureit(=theunforgettablemoment).Whydontwetakealittlebreak?Didntwejusthave?(NMET2000)A.itB.thatC.oneD.thisIhopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave.(NMET1995)A.itB.thoseC.themD.one【解析】第10、11题分别选C和D。替代词one

57、和人称代词it极易混淆，其不同之处在于:one替代的是一个用不定冠词限定的单数可数名词(如:acupboard,abreak)，而it不能用作替代词，它指代的是确定的、具体的某事物。比较下面句子中的one和it:Yourstoryisveryinteresting,butIdontlikeit(=你0的故事很有意思，但我不喜欢它。Thisstoryisaninterestingone(=story).这是一个有趣的故事。Shehasnowatch,soIwanttobuyone(=awatch)forher.她没有手表,所以我想给她买一块(手表)。Thereisonlyonewatchofth

58、etypeintheshop,soIwanttobuyit(=theonlywatch)forher.这款手表商店只有一块,所以我想把它买给她。it对关系代词as的干扰isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.(2004北京卷)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.Whatisknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(NMET2001)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What【解析】第12、13题的答案都是B。这两道题中的a

59、s引导的是定语从句,指代整个主句的内容。将第12、13题的题干分别改写成下面两句,试比较it用作形式主语的用法：Itisreportedinthenewspapersthattalksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.Itisknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.这种用法的as多见于这些习惯用语中:asanybodycansee;asiswellknown;aswehadexpected;asoftenhappens;ashasbeensaidbefore;asismentionedabove等。it对关系代词which的干扰CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,personallyIdoubtverymuch.(NMET1999)A.itB.thatC.whenD.which【解析】此题选D。which引导非限制性定语从句，代指主句的整个内容。对比it的用法:CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,butpersonallyIdoubtit